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Multiple renal veins clogging the hilum of the right kidney
Satheesha B Nayak(Satheesha B Nayak ),Narendra Pamidi(Narendra Pamidi ),Vasanthakumar Packirisamy(Vasanthakumar Packirisamy ),Soumya Kodimajalu Vasudeva(Soumya Kodimajalu Vasudeva ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1
Knowledge of variations of renal vessels is of utmost importance in retroperitoneal surgeries and kidney transplant surgeries. We report concurrent variations of the right renal vessels, observed in an adult male cadaver during dissection classes. The right kidney was supplied by three renal arteries, out of which two entered the kidney through the hilum and the other one entered through the lower pole of the kidney. There were five renal veins, emerging independently from the hilum and opening separately through five openings into the inferior vena cava. Among the veins, only one emerged anterior to the renal pelvis and the other four emerged behind it. Four of them terminated into the posterolateral aspect of the inferior vena cava, whereas one terminated into its anterior aspect. Fourth vein from above, received the right testicular vein. The renal hilum was clogged with the presence of seven vessels and renal pelvis.
RA 123 s: Three metaphor-less Algorithms for Economic Load Dispatch Solution
Manam Ravindra,Sangu Ravindra,Pamidi Lakshminarayana,Karri Manoz Kumar Reddy 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.2
This paper presents Rao-1, Rao-2 and Rao-3 algorithms (RA-123) approach to elucidate Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem which has Ramp Rate (RRL), Valve Point Eff ect (VPE), Prohibited Zones of Operation (POZ), and losses of lines. Besides most of the algorithms which depend on algorithmic-specifi c parameters, the proposed algorithm is independent of algorithmic-specifi c parameters. The principle contribution of this paper is to minimize the total generation cost by satisfying several constraints such as generation limits, load demand, valve point loading eff ect, and transmission losses considering metaphor-less algorithms (RA-123). The objective with VPE is considered to improve the performance of ELD. This paper determines the performance of proposed RA-123 algorithms considering diff erent constraints on each test case system and compares them. To explore, ability of proposed optimization algorithms, these are implemented on test networks having 6, 40 and 110 unit systems and outcomes are compared with results attained by prior optimization algorithms. The evaluation of results shows ability and effi cacy of (RA-123) for solving ELD problem.
Solitary osteochondroma in the body of the pubic bone:
Satheesha B. Nayak,Naveen Kumar,Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla,Srilatha Parampalli Srinivas,Narendra Pamidi,Surekha D. Shetty 대한해부학회 2018 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.51 No.2
Osteochondromas develop as cartilaginous nodules in the periosteum of bones. They are the commonest benign tumors of the skeleton, generally observed in the long bones. Rarely, they are also found in the axial skeleton, flat bones of skull and facial bones. During a regular dissection, we came across a solitary osteochondroma in posterior surface of the body of the right pubic bone. Histopathology of the bony projection confirmed the typical features of the osteochondroma. The symptomatic osteochondromas are usually evaluated during radiographic examination. Though, the observed osteochondroma is relatively smaller its unusual location is remarkable and knowledge of occurrence of such nodules is clinically important during the diagnosis and planning of treatment.