Estimation of carbon storage based on individual tree detection in Pinus densiflora stands using a fusion of aerial photography and LiDAR data.

Kim, So-Ra,Kwak, Doo-Ahn,Olee, Woo-Kyun,Son, Yowhan,Bae, Sang-Won,Kim, Choonsig,Yoo, Seongjin Jointly published by Science China Press and Sprin 2010 Science China. Life sciences Vol.53 No.7

<P>The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon storage capacity of Pinus densiflora stands using remotely sensed data by combining digital aerial photography with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. A digital canopy model (DCM), generated from the LiDAR data, was combined with aerial photography for segmenting crowns of individual trees. To eliminate errors in over and under-segmentation, the combined image was smoothed using a Gaussian filtering method. The processed image was then segmented into individual trees using a marker-controlled watershed segmentation method. After measuring the crown area from the segmented individual trees, the individual tree diameter at breast height (DBH) was estimated using a regression function developed from the relationship observed between the field-measured DBH and crown area. The above ground biomass of individual trees could be calculated by an image-derived DBH using a regression function developed by the Korea Forest Research Institute. The carbon storage, based on individual trees, was estimated by simple multiplication using the carbon conversion index (0.5), as suggested in guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The mean carbon storage per individual tree was estimated and then compared with the field-measured value. This study suggested that the biomass and carbon storage in a large forest area can be effectively estimated using aerial photographs and LiDAR data.</P>

Long Memory and Covariance Stationarity of Asymmetric Power FIGARCH Model

O. Lee,M. J. Kim 한국데이터정보과학회 2006 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

The role of programmed death ligand 1 pathway in persistent biomaterial-associated infections

Agnieszka Magryś,Jolanta Paluch-Oleś,Agnieszka Bogut,Michał Kiełbus,Dorota Plewik,Maria Kozioł-Montewka 한국미생물학회 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.8

Staphylococcus epidermidis is commonly involved in biomaterial- associated infections. Bacterial small colony variants (SCV) seem to be well adapted to persist intracellularly in professional phagocytes evading the host immune response. We studied the expression of PD-L1/L2 on macrophages infected with clinical isolates of S. epidermidis SCV and their parent wild type (WT) strains. The cytokine pattern which is triggered by the examined strains was also analysed. In the study, we infected macrophages with S. epidermidis WT and SCV strains. Persistence and release from macrophages were monitored via lysostaphin protection assays. Moreover, the effect of IFN-γ pre-treatment on bacterial internalisation was investigated. Expression of PD-L1/L2 molecules was analysed with the use of FACS. Inflammatory reaction was measured by IL-10, TNF-α ELISAs, and transcriptional induction of TNF-α. Our study revealed that clinical SCV isolates were able to persist and survive in macrophages for at least 3 days with a low cytotoxic effect and a reduced proinflammatory response as compared to WT strains. Bacteria upregulated PD-L1/L2 expression on macrophages as compared to non-stimulated cells. The results demonstrated that the ability of S. epidermidis SCVs to induce elevated levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, and reduced transcriptional induction of TNF-α, together with expression of PD-L1 on macrophages and the ability to persist intracellularly without damaging the host cell could be the key factor contributing to chronicity of SCV infections.

A Naturalistic Study of the Effect of Acupuncture on Heart-Rate Variability

Ole Bernt Fasmer,Yong Huang,Hanbo Liao,Jan Øystein Berle,Junxian Wu,Ketil Joachim Oedegaard,Gustav Wik,Zhangjin Zhang 사단법인약침학회 2012 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.5 No.1

Objectives: To study the effect of acupuncture on heart rate variability (HRV) by using linear and non-linear methods of analysis. Methods: 40 patients were recruited consecutively, including patients with insomnia, stomachache,diarrhea, dizziness, cervical syndrome, lower back pain, gonarthritis, peripheral facial paralysis, post-traumatic organic brain syndrome and urinary retention. Different acupoint prescriptions were used, according to the textbook for 5-years’ education on traditional Chinese medicine specialty, which is used in Chinese Universities. HRV was recorded before,during, and after acupuncture. Results: Acupuncture substantially reduced variability, causing a 41% reduction in the standard deviation. Using a Fourier analysis, the variances both in the low frequency (LF) and the high frequency (HF) ranges were markedly reduced, but the LF/HF ratio (an indication of sympathovagal balance) was not altered. The HR was unchanged. The sample entropy, which is a measure of the complexity of time series, was significantly increased (þ35%). Conclusions: Acupuncture produced a pattern of changes different from that seen in pathological conditions, where increased variability and reduced complexity is expected.

Near-Field Optics in the Perspective of Photon Wave Mechanics

Ole Keller 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1

Elements of a generalized theory describing the near-field source problem of photon wave mechanics is presented. A flexible construction of the Riemann-Silberstein vectors, which enter the photon energy wave function concept, is established on the basis of the microscopic D-field. By adjustment of the transverse polarization field the global energy of the field-particle system can be shared in various manners between the photon and matter subsystems. Only the near-field part of the photon energy wave function is affected by a given adjustment, and no observable consequenceswill appear. The flexibility of the construction scheme allows one to make the bridge between classical and quantum near-field optics in a variety of ways.

Ole Secher

(Ole Secher) 대한마취과학회 1968 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.1 No.1

Distribution of Active and Resting Periods in the Motor Activity of Patients with Depression and Schizophrenia

Ole Bernt Fasmer,Erik Hauge,Jan Øystein Berle,Steven Dilsaver,Ketil J. Oedegaard 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.1

ObjectiveaaAlterations of activity are prominent features of the major functional psychiatric disorders. Motor activity patterns are characterized by bursts of activity separated by periods with inactivity. The purpose of the present study has been to analyze such active and inactive periods in patients with depression and schizophrenia. MethodsaaActigraph registrations for 12 days from 24 patients with schizophrenia, 23 with depression and 29 healthy controls. ResultsaaPatients with schizophrenia and depression have distinctly different profiles with regard to the characterization and distribution of active and inactive periods. The mean duration of active periods is lowest in the depressed patients, and the duration of inactive periods is highest in the patients with schizophrenia. For active periods the cumulative probability distribution, using lengths from 1 to 35 min, follows a straight line on a log-log plot, suggestive of a power law function, and a similar relationship is found for inactive periods, using lengths from 1 to 20 min. For both active and inactive periods the scaling exponent is higher in the depressed compared to the schizophrenic patients. ConclusionaaThe present findings add to previously published results, with other mathematical methods, suggesting there are important differences in control systems regulating motor behavior in these two major groups of psychiatric disorders.

Tight matrix-generated Gabor frames in L²(Rd) with desired time-frequency localization

Ole Christensen,김래영 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.5

Based on two real and invertible d x d matrices B and C such that the norm ||CTB|| is sufficiently small, we provide a construction of tight Gabor frames {EBmTcn9}m,n⊆Zd with explicitly given and compactly supported generators. The generators can be chosen with arbitrary polynomial decay in the frequency domain.

Motor Activity in Adult Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Ole Bernt Fasmer,Kristin Mjeldheim,Wenche Førland,Anita L. Hansen,Steven Dilsaver,Ketil J. Oedegaard,Jan Øystein Berle 대한신경정신의학회 2015 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.12 No.4

ObjectiveaaHyperactivity is a core symptom of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but limited information is available on analysis of activity patterns in this disorder. The aim of the study was to analyze motor activity during daily living in adult patients with ADHD. MethodsaaPatients (n=76) from the private psychiatric practice of two of the authors were recruited, and were compared to patients with other psychiatric disorders and to normal controls. Actigraphs were used to record motor activity for six days, with one minute intervals, and data were analysed using linear and non-linear mathematical methods. ResultsaaFor short recording periods (300 minutes) the activity levels of ADHD patients do not differ from normal controls, but the autocorrelation (lag 1) is lower and Fourier analysis shows higher power in the high frequency range, corresponding to the period from 2–8 min. During recordings for six days there are no significant differences between ADHD patients and the control groups. The combined and inattentive subgroups differ only in the six days recordings. The Fourier analyses show that the combined type has lower power in the high frequency range, corresponding to the period from 4–8 hours, and in the analysis of rhythms the intra-daily variability is lower, compared to the inattentive type. ConclusionaaAdult ADHD patients do not show evidence of hyperactivity, but have levels of activity similar to normal controls. However, on several measures ADHD patients display altered activity patterns, indicating that the regulation of motor activity in this disorder is different from controls.

Tumbling Washing with Screw Presses

Ole Bottegaard 한국펄프·종이공학회 1990 펄프종이기술국제세미나 Vol.14 No.-