The Disordering Impulse : Cormac McCarthy’s ‘Anti-Play’ The Stonemason

O’Sullivan, James 한국현대영미드라마학회 2013 현대영미드라마 Vol.26 No.3

Educator Decision Making about Outdoor Learning Spaces in Early Childhood Education and Care Services

Annie O’Sullivan 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2018 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.12 No.2

In Australia, the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) invites educators in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services to view children as learners who are confident and involved (Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, 2009) while the National Quality Standard (NQS) contends that the “educational program and practice of educators are child-centred, stimulating and maximise opportunities for enhancing and extending each child’s learning and development” (Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority [ACECQA], 2017, p. 95). Additionally, article 12 of the United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) advises that it is a child’s right to contribute and their opinions need to be considered in decisions that affect them (United Nations Children’s Fund [UNICEF], 1996). Nonetheless, limitations appear to exist in supporting educators’ decisions and provisions in the environment and use of the outdoor learning spaces that contrast with the documents that underpin educator practice. This literature review examines the tensions between the ideal and the reality of children’s and educators’ decision making in outdoor learning spaces. It shows that strong policy alone is not sufficient unless underpinned by an environment in which educators are able to make decisions without fear of litigation and children’s perspectives are heard, respected, and enacted.

Cormac McCarthy’s History Through A Glass Darkly: Blood Meridian as an Aesthetically Rational Response to a Darkening World.

( Jim O’sullivan ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2010 영어권문화연구 Vol.3 No.2

Cormac McCarthy’s ‘Naturalist-Sublime’ novel Blood Meridian, is a literary renunciation that is unique in the Western genre, in European and American literature in general, and in the McCarthy corpus also. It is a renunciation of all the philosophical schools that places man outside of nature, of all the mythologies that attend such schools of thought, whether these are classical theological ideas that place man dead-centre in the universe, or enlightenment variants which presuppose an ontological dualism between man and nature; a dualism that, in turn, helps subordinate nature as ancillary to mankind’s needs. It is also a renunciation of teleological or quasi-teleological ideas that argue that, in spite of modern history's sorrowful litany of genocidal madness, human civilization is inexorably moving towards a kingdom of God on earth. In this paper on Blood Meridian, I shall use Adorno’s aphorism on modern art, ‘The darkening of the world makes the irrationality of art rational: radically darkened art’ as a way of understanding the graphic violence in Blood Meridian as a rational response to a post-holocaust, post-enlightenment world. I shall argue further that the novel is not in any sense nihilistic, as some critics have argued, but is in fact an appropriately absurdist response to a darkening world.

“All These Good Men”: Cornelius Suttree as Messiah of the Knoxville Netherworld in Cormac McCarthy`s Suttree

( James O`sullivan ) 한국영어영문학회 2016 영어 영문학 Vol.62 No.4

This essay begins with Franco Morreti`s comment that the ideology underpinning the Bildungsroman constitutes “an escape from freedom.” It then applies this problem to Cormac McCarthy`s late-modernist novel Suttree (1979). Suttree takes the form of the Kunstlerroman, a variant of the Bildungsroman, and tells the story of Cornelius Suttree, a disaffected drifter, with artistic leanings, living on a houseboat in Knoxville, Tennessee in the late forties, early nineteen fifties. The aim is to trace the various existentialist themes in Suttree as a way of understanding McCarthy`s late-modernist response to a post-war America that has no place for the artist-dreamer, the typical hero of the classic Kuntstlerroman. In dialectical terms, the images of pollution and waste that accrue in the novel can be interpreted as metaphorical stages of transformation that aid the hero`s `escape to freedom.` During the course of the novel, McCarthy pits various existentialisms, mainly of the religious and Sartrean kind, against each other as a way of highlighting the choices on offer for this besieged artist. The late-modernist Kuntstlerroman can only offer a fragmented transfiguration. Therefore, in the refusebeatnik figure of Cornelius Suttree we see a new Kunstler -figure emerging: an artist bricoleur piecing together a new mosaic out of a decaying and shattered social order.

“The Excusive Cormac McCarthy: Recent Critical Approaches”

( James O`sullivan ) 한국영어영문학회 2016 영어 영문학 Vol.62 No.3

The case for McCarthy to be treated seriously by the Korean academic community is, in this reviewer’s opinion, irrefutable. The writer’s multi-dimensional themes invite a panoply of theoretical and critical interpretation-whether these take the form of new criticism, new historicism, marxist, deconstructionist, feminist, eco-critical, or post-structuralist approaches. Because of his interesting mix of genre, exciting action, pared-down language and elevated style, he is a delight to read and study at the same time. His blending of different forms-especially the romance-epic and bildungsroman-lend themselves particularly well to post-structural concerns about narrative undecidability, subjective contingency, and reflexivity (McCarthy once said: “books are made out of other books”). Moreover, his generally accessible style, along with the fact that a lot of his novels have been turned into film, is ideal for undergraduate and graduate study. All in all, it is time for a serious appraisal of McCarthy in Korean academia. Therefore, the review discusses McCarthy within the context of recent critical approaches to this important writer.

New strategy for the identification of squamous carcinoma antigens that induce therapeutic immune responses in tumor-bearing mice

O-Sullivan, I,Chopra, A,Kim, T S,Magnuson, S,Falduto, M T,Huang, J,Cohen, E P Nature Publishing Group 2007 Cancer gene therapy Vol.14 No.4

This study describes a new strategy for the identification of squamous carcinoma antigens tumor-associated antigens (TAA). The antigens were discovered by comparing microarrays of squamous carcinoma vaccines highly enriched for immunotherapeutic cells with non-enriched vaccines. The vaccines were prepared by transferring sheared genomic DNA fragments (25 kb) from KLN205 cells, a squamous carcinoma cell line (DBA/2 mouse origin (H-2<SUP>d</SUP>) into LM fibroblasts (C3H/He origin, H-2<SUP>k</SUP>). The transferred tumor DNA segments integrate spontaneously into the genome of the recipient cells, replicate as the cells divide and are expressed. As only a small proportion of the transfected cell population was expected to have incorporated DNA segments that included genes specifying TAA (the vast majority specify normal cellular constituents), a novel strategy was employed to enrich the vaccine for TAA-positive cells. Microarrays were used to compare genes expressed by enriched and non-enriched vaccines. Seventy-five genes were overexpressed in cells from the enriched vaccine. One, the gene for Cytochrome P450 (family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1) (Cyp2e1), was overexpressed in the enriched but not the non-enriched vaccine. A vaccine for squamous carcinoma was prepared by transfer of a 357 bp fragment of the gene for Cyp2e1 into the fibroblast cell line. Robust immunity, sufficient to result in indefinite survival, was induced in tumor-bearing mice immunized with cells transfected with this gene fragment.Cancer Gene Therapy (2007) 14, 389–398. doi:10.1038/sj.cgt.7701023; published online 2 February 2007

The influence of CEO equity incentives on licensing

O'Connell, Vincent,Lee, Jong-Ho,O'Sullivan, Don Elsevier 2018 European Management Journal Vol.36 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In a study of life science firms, we find that, in accordance with predictions drawn from agency theory and behavioral agency theory, CEO stock ownership is negatively associated with licensing while CEO stock options are positively associated with licensing. Furthermore, by combining theoretical insights from the capabilities literature with both agency theory and behavioral agency theory, we predict that a key measure of capabilities in the licensing context—a firm's alliance experience—significantly influences the ways in which CEO equity incentives impact licensing. More specifically, we find that, in accordance with our theoretical predictions, alliance experience positively (negatively) moderates the relationship between CEO stock ownership (CEO stock options) and licensing. Our study contributes to the wider literature on the determinants of licensing by examining whether licensing is sensitive to CEO equity incentives. We also extend the capabilities literature on licensing by examining the contrasting influences of a firm's alliance experience on the relationship between CEO equity incentives and licensing. Our findings also inform behavioral agency-based research on the effects of equity incentives by highlighting the usefulness of a capabilities perspective in augmenting our understanding of the behavioral role of CEO equity incentives.</P>

Biomechanical head impact characteristics during sparring practice sessions in high school taekwondo athletes

O'Sullivan, David M.,Fife, Gabriel P. Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2017 Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Vol.19 No.6

<B>OBJECTIVE</B><P>The purpose of this study was to monitor head impact magnitude and characteristics, such as impact location and frequency, at high school taekwondo sparring sessions.</P><B>METHODS</B><P>Eight male high school taekwondo athletes participated in this study. The head impact characteristics were recorded by X-Patch, a wireless accelerometer and gyroscope, during 6 taekwondo sparring sessions. The outcome measures were the peak linear acceleration (<I>g</I> = 9.81 msec<SUP>2</SUP>), peak rotational acceleration, rotational velocity, and Head Injury Criterion.</P><B>RESULTS</B><P>A total of 689 impacts occurred over 6 sessions involving the 8 athletes. There was an average of 24 impacts per 100 minutes, and there were significant differences in the frequency of impacts among both the sessions and individual athletes. In order of frequency, the most commonly hit locations were the side (38.2%), back (35.7%), and front (23.8%) of the head.</P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B><P>The data indicate that there is a relatively high number of head impacts experienced by taekwondo athletes during sparring practice. According to the rotational acceleration predicting impact severity published in previous research, 17.1% of the impacts were deemed to be a moderate and 15.5% were deemed to be severe.</P>

유소년 축구 경기에서 발생하는 머리 충격은 안전할까?

O'Sullivan, David,Kwak, Myung-Hoo,Kim, Yun-Sik,Jeong, Hee Seong 한국운동역학회 2020 한국운동역학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Objective: This study to identify the mechanism of head impact that occurs during youth soccer game with regard to head injuries in sports. Method: Ten male subjects (age: 10.0±2.0 yrs.) were participated during 10 soccer practices spread out over a time period of 10 weeks. During each soccer game, the participants agreed and wore the X-Patch (wireless accelerometer, gyroscopes). The X-Patch records the head impact mechanics, such as peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), peak rotational velocity (PRV), Head Injury Criterion (HIC), and the location of impact. Results: A total of 501 impacts to the head were measured over the 10 soccer games, PLA 17.8±10.4 g, PRA 3168±2442 rad/s²; PRV 16.1±10.6 rad/s; HIC 11.7±34.2. The severity of impact was classified into 3 ranges; low 10~39 g (482 impacts); medium 40~69 g (17 impacts); and high >69 g (2 impacts). There are no significant differences in PLA and HIC (p=0.08, p=0.15), however PRA and PRV show the differences (p<.05) between each of the participants. For the analysis comparing between the soccer games, there are no significant differences in PLA, PRA, PRV and HIC (p=0.11, p=0.13, p=0.14, p=0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that there were significant differences between athletes, especially in terms of rotational acceleration, whereas there were significant differences in linear and rotational based variable between each of the soccer games. Although the vast majority of impacts were below 39 g there were 2 potentially dangerous impacts above 69 g. It is important that future research continuous to measure head impact mechanics during soccer to help understand head injury mechanisms to ensure the safety of athletes.

Insights from Injury Surveillance in Para Taekwondo for injury prevention

( David O’sullivan ) 대한무도학회 2022 대한무도학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2022 No.1