Occupational Therapy Intervention for Malunion of Distal Radial Fracture: A Case Report

Noor Mohammad(Noor Mohammad ),Nahid Khan(Nahid Khan ) 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2023 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.13 No.6

Objective: Malunion of distal radial fracture can result in pain, stiffness, and decreased function of the affected limb. Occupational therapy intervention can improve outcomes in these patients, but there is limited research on the effectiveness of such interventions. Case Description: This case report describes the occupational therapy intervention and outcomes for a 44-year-old female patient with malunion of left distal radial fracture. The patient received 8 weeks of occupational therapy intervention consisting of therapeutic exercises, joint mobilization, and fine motor activities. The patient demonstrated significant improvements in range of motion, grip strength, and activities of daily living (ADL) in her left hand. The patient also reported less pain and greater ease in performing activities of daily living. Conclusion: Occupational therapy intervention can be effective in improving outcomes for patients with malunion of distal radial fracture. This case report highlights the importance of early intervention and interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals to optimize patient outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for patients with malunion of distal radial fracture.

Hydrogen and fluorine co-decorated silicene: A first principles study of piezoelectric properties

Noor-A-Alam, Mohammad,Kim, Hye Jung,Shin, Young-Han American Institute of Physics 2015 Journal of Applied Physics Vol.117 No.22

Administrative reform in India: retaining the British steel frame

Noor Mohammad Masum 서울대학교행정대학원 2018 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.26 No.3

This study analyses administrative reforms in India to identify the philosophical, cultural and ideological underpinnings of these reforms and their impacts. The study hypothesizes that despite differences in state ideologies, Indian leaders have followed the ‘democratic incremental approach of reform’, which has contributed significantly in achieving the continuity of the bureaucracy and ongoing development in India. There has been continuity in diverse administrative legacies in India. Muslim and British rulers modernized the ancient Indian district administration to serve their purposes while independent India takes pride in the revival of its ancient legacy. Before British rule, Indian rulers— Muslims and Hindus—maintained a semi-retainer bureaucracy; whereas the British adopted the philosophy of a mandarin bureaucracy. After independence, India replaced the British administrative philosophy of a mandarin bureaucracy with ‘the democratic philosophy of a semi-retainer bureaucracy’. In fluenced by this philosophy, Indian leaders retained the inherited steel frame and made only incremental changes. As a result, Indian bureaucracy remains almost as strong as it was during the British era in terms of structural and procedural perspectives. Overall, the bureaucracy is still performing reasonably well in maintaining continuity of administration and, in the process, cultural integration of society, ongoing economic development and political stability in India.

Integrating approach to size and site at a sanitary landfill in Selangor state, Malaysia

Mohammad Khairi Younes,Noor Ezlin Ahmad Basri,Zulkifli Mohammad Nopiaha,Hassan Basri,Mohammed F. M. Abushammala,Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud 대한환경공학회 2015 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.20 No.3

Solid waste production increases due to population and consumption increments. Landfill is the ultimate destination for all kinds of municipal solid waste; and is the most convenient waste disposal method in developing countries. To minimize investment and operational costs and society’s opposition towards locating landfills nearby, proper landfill sizing and siting are essential. In this study, solid waste forecasting using Autoregressive Integrating Moving Average (ARIMA) was integrated with government future plans and waste composition to estimate the required landfill area for the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Landfill siting criteria were then prioritized based on expert’s preferences. To minimize ambiguity and the uncertainty of the criteria prioritizing process, the expert’s preferences were treated using integrated Median Ranked Sample Set (MRSS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. The results show that the required landfill area is 342 hectares and the environmental criteria are the most important; with a priority equal to 48%.

Improved corrosion resistance of mild steel against acid activation: Impact of novel Elaeis guineensis and silver nanoparticles

Mohammad Ali Asaad,Noor Nabilah Sarbini,Arizu Sulaiman,Mohammad Ismail,Ghasan Fahim Huseien,Zaiton Abdul Majid,Pandian Bothi Raja 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.63 No.-

Influence of novel green Elaeis guineensis (EG) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the improved corrosion resistance of mild steel against acute acid attack is reported. Such EG/AgNPs were synthesized from palm oil leaf extracts and used as inhibitor with varying contents to inspect the feasibility of modifying the acid (1 M HCl(aq)) mediated anti-corrosion behaviour of mild steel. The structural and morphological properties of the extracted EG/AgNPs inhibitor (in powder form) were determined using TEM, XRD, and EDX analyses. Furthermore, the acid solution exposed mild steel specimens were characterized via FESEM, EDX, AFM, XRD, weight loss, polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements. Mild steel surface was found to adsorb the EG/AgNPs and formed a protective film advantageous for inhibiting the acid attack. Steel specimen incorporated with 10% (v/v) of EG/AgNPs inhibitor revealed maximum inhibition efficiency of 94.1%.

Switchable Rashba effect by dipole moment switching in an Ag₂Te monolayer

Noor-A-Alam, Mohammad,Lee, Minseong,Lee, Hyun-Jae,Choi, Keunsu,Lee, Jun Hee IOP 2018 Journal of Physics, Condensed Matter Vol.30 No.38

<P>Because of the surface depolarization field, there is a critical thickness for ferroelectricity in ultrathin ferroelectric films, hindering miniaturization of high-density nonvolatile memory storage devices. A controllable Rashba effect by external electric field via switchable dipole moment could be a promising way to control and manipulate the spin degrees of freedom in spintronics. Here, based on first principles calculations, we show that non-planar Ag<SUB>2</SUB>Te monolayer, which has been recently predicted to be a topological insulator, possess a switchable out-of-plane electric dipole moment. The switching of the dipole can be realized by the penetration of Te atoms through the hexagonal Ag-plane. Additionally, non-planar Ag<SUB>2</SUB>Te shows a giant Rashba spin-splitting (<img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0953-8984/30/38/385502/cmaad986ieqn001.gif'/> eV Å) due to the out-of-plane electric dipole moment. Our tight binding model indicates that the origin of such large <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0953-8984/30/38/385502/cmaad986ieqn002.gif'/> is the large inversion symmetry breaking term (<img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0953-8984/30/38/385502/cmaad986ieqn003.gif'/> eV), which is one order of magnitude larger in non-planar Ag<SUB>2</SUB>Te monolayer compared with other Rashba materials. Interestingly, the Rashba effect can be turned on/off by the phase transition from non-planar to planar structure via Te displacement. Moreover, the spin-texture can be completely reversed because of switchable electric dipole moment. Our work shows a new way to realize ferroelectric-like dipole moment switching and consequently switchable Rashba spin-splitting, which may facilitate a nonvolatile electrical control of the spin degrees of freedom, down to the monolayer thickness, promising potential applications to electrically controlled spintronic devices.</P>

Switchable polarization in an unzipped graphene oxide monolayer

Noor-A-Alam, Mohammad,Shin, Young-Han The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.18 No.30

<P>Ferroelectricity in low-dimensional oxide materials is generally suppressed at the scale of a few nanometers, and has attracted considerable attention from both fundamental and technological aspects. Graphene is one of the thinnest materials (one atom thick). Therefore, engineering switchable polarization in non-polar pristine graphene could potentially lead to two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials. In the present study, based on density functional theory, we show that an unzipped graphene oxide (UGO) monolayer can exhibit switchable polarization due to its foldable bonds between the oxygen atom and two carbon atoms underneath the oxygen. We find that a free standing UGO monolayer exhibits antiferroelectric switchable polarization. A UGO monolayer can be obtained as an intermediate product during the chemical exfoliation process of graphene. Interestingly, despite its dimensionality, our estimated polarization in a UGO monolayer is comparable to that in bulk ferroelectric materials (e.g., ferroelectric polymers). Our calculations could help realize antiferroelectric switchable polarization in 2D materials, which could find various potential applications in nanoscale devices such as sensors, actuators, and capacitors with high energy-storage density.</P>

Dipolar polarization and piezoelectricity of a hexagonal boron nitride sheet decorated with hydrogen and fluorine

Noor-A-Alam, Mohammad,Kim, Hye Jung,Shin, Young-Han The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.16 No.14

<P>In contrast to graphene, a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayer is piezoelectric because it is non-centrosymmetric. However, h-BN shows neither in-plane nor out-of-plane dipole moments due to its three-fold symmetry on the plane and the fact that it is completely flat. Here, we show that the controlled adsorption of hydrogen and/or fluorine atoms on both sides of a pristine h-BN sheet induces flatness distortion in a chair form and an out-of plane dipole moment. In contrast, a boat form has no out-of-plane dipole moment due to the alternating boron and nitrogen positions normal to the plane. Consequently, the chair form of surface-modified h-BN shows both in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric responses; while pristine h-BN and the boat form of decorated h-BN have only in-plane piezoelectric responses. These in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric responses of the modified h-BN are comparable to those in known three-dimensional piezoelectric materials. Such an engineered piezoelectric two-dimensional boron nitride monolayer can be a candidate material for various nano-electromechanical applications.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>In contrast to graphene, a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayer is piezoelectric because it is non-centrosymmetric. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cp53971g'> </P>

A Neo-liberalist Account of China-Bangladesh Bilateral Cooperation under the Belt & Road Initiative

Noor Mohammad Sarker,Sultana Yesmin 아시아사회과학학회 2020 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.1 No.3

Bangladesh remains a strategic partner of China in the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). These two countries have been involved in closer economic and security cooperation over the last few decades, whereas BRI provides a new impetus to amplify their existing bilateral relationship. Bangladesh’s physical location is an integral part of BCIM overland connectivity, whereas the country’s sea area falls into the Maritime Silk Route of BRI. In this regard, Chinese President Xi Jinping’s visit to Dhaka in October 2016 and Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s visit to Beijing in June 2019 brought about a series of bilateral agreements on diverse areas associated to BRI, including the mega projects of the construction of Padma Bridge and the multi-lane road tunnel under the river Karnaphuli in Bangladesh. Hence, the grand initiative of BRI provides a key opportunity for both China and Bangladesh to jointly pursue the course of their individual national developments. In such a context, this study aims to analyze the contemporary developments of China-Bangladesh bilateral relationship under BRI in the light of neo-liberal theory of international relations. By applying neo-liberal ideas of interstate cooperation, the study reveals how BRI has been playing.

Stock Market Response during COVID-19 Lockdown Period in India: An Event Study

ALAM, Mohammad Noor,ALAM, Md. Shabbir,CHAVALI, Kavita Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.7

The research investigates the impact of the lockdown period caused by the COVID-19 to the stock market of India. The study examines the extent of the influence of the lockdown on the Indian stock market and whether the market reaction would be the same in pre- and post-lockdown period caused by COVID-19. Market Model Event study methodology is used. A sample of 31 companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) are selected at random for the purpose of the study. The sample period taken for the study is 35 days (24 February-17 April, 2020). An event window of 35 days was taken with 20 days prior to the event and 15 days during the event. The event (t1) being the official announcement of the lockdown. The results indicate that the market reacted positively with significantly positive Average Abnormal Returns during the present lockdown period, and investors anticipated the lockdown and reacted positively, whereas in the pre-lockdown period investors panicked and it was reflected in negative AAR. The study finds evidence of a positive AR around the present lockdown period and confirms that lockdown had a positive impact on the stock market performance of stocks till the situation improves in the Indian context.