Occupational exposure to sharps injury among healthcare providers in Ethiopia regional hospitals

Nigussie Tadesse Sharew,Getaneh Baye Mulu,Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold,Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew 대한직업환경의학회 2017 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Background: Sharps injury is a penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or other body fluids. According to World Health Organization pooled estimate, the annual incidence of sharps injury in Africa was ranged from 2.10 to 4.68 per person per year, but research data in Ethiopia is limited. The aim of the study was to investigate sharps injury prevalence and associated risk factors. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 healthcare providers (HCP) in Northeast Ethiopia. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to select HCP. Sharps injury during the last 12 months was an outcome variable whereas demographic characteristics, behavioral attributes, and job environment characteristics were independent variables. Data was collected from April to May 2016 using self-administered questionnaire; which was adapted from World Health Organization best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify sharps injury associated risk factors. Epi Info version 3.5.1 software package was used for data coding and entry whereas Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software package was used for analysis. Results: In total, 195 HCP participated with a response rate of 97.5%. The prevalence of sharps injury was 32.8%. Following adjustment for covariates, lack of in-service job training and previous exposure to sharps injury were statistically significant risk factors for sharps injury. HCP who had no in-service job training were 4.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who had in-service job training (p < 0.001, OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.05–10.56). HCP who had previous exposure to sharps injury were 3.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who were not exposed (p-value = 0.002, OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.62–8.27). Conclusions: This study revealed 32.8% or at least three out of ten HCP exposed to sharps injury. This was found statistically significant among HCP who had no in-service job training and who had previous exposure to sharps injury. Thus, training HCP perhaps increase their skill and curiosity to reduce exposure to sharps injury.

Genetic Improvement for Yield and Yield Related Traits by Introgressive Hybridization in Sweet Corn

Nigussie Mandefro,Saleh Ghizan The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.2

Proper choice of source populations contributes to the ultimate success of selection for genetic improvement. The source population should possess the most desirable alleles at as many loci as possible for intra population improvement. Such desirable alleles can be intensified by introgression of exotic germ plasm into locally adapted ones through hybridization followed by selection. The objectives of this study were to determine the mean performance, genetic variability $({\sigma}^2G)$ and heritability of fresh ear yield and other important traits within two sweet corn source populations, $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ and BC2-10. One hundred selfed progenies from each of the two source populations were evaluated in a $10\times10$ lattice design, at the Institute of Bioscience (IBS) Farm, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM) following the recommended cultural practices. Significant differences among selfed progenies within $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ were observed for all traits, while differences among selfed progenies within BC2-10 were noted for fresh ear yield, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, ear height, days to tasseling and days to silking. Progenies developed from $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ population had higher estimates of ${\sigma}^2G$ than did progenies from BC2-10 population for number of kernel rows per ear, total soluble solids, plant height, days to tasseling and days to silking, showing that selection to improve these traits would be more effective in selfed progenies of $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ than that in BC2-10. On the other hand, progenies developed from BC2-10 population had higher estimates of ${\sigma}^2G$ for ear length, ear diameter and ear height, indicating that progenies from this population would have better genetic gain than $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$. Comparable estimates of genetic variance were found for fresh ear yield, and number of kernels per row, indicating that genetic improvement of the two source populations is expected to produce similar genetic gains for these two traits. Therefore, selfed progenies developed from both source populations could be used to improve the two populations for various traits and thereby develop superior genotypes for immediate use in the production system.

Yield Improvement by Two Cycles of Mass Selection in Two Sweet Corn Populations

Nigussie Mandefro,Saleh Ghizan,Wahab Zakaria,Sinniah Uma Rani The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.2

Mass selection (MS) is an efficient selection method to directly improve highly heritable traits. In the present study, two cycles of MS for ear length were conducted on two sweet corn populations, BC2-l0 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ after introgression of exotic germplasm. The improved populations generated from these selections were evaluated in comparison with the base populations at two locations, to determine the genetic gains and performance of the improved populations. The two base populations showed varied average realized responses to MS. In BC2-l0 derived population, the realized responses were $9.1\%$ in BC2-l0 C1 and $1.2\%$ in BC2-l0 C2, whereas in$BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ derived population, the realized responses were$ 5.6\%$ in $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ C1 and $2.9\%$ in $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ C2. All the improved populations showed longer ears than their respective base populations and the check varieties. Ear length, which was used as the selection criterion in this study, showed high broad-sense heritability in the BC2-l0 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ derived populations, while fresh ear yield revealed low heritability, indicating that selection for ear length in these populations would be more effective than direct selection for yield. Results of this study indicate that MS conducted on BC2­10 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ had significantly increased ear length and fresh ear yield in both populations. The improved populations obtained would serve as better germplasm sources and further selection in these populations could offer better responses.

A review on traditionally used medicinal plants for scabies therapy in Ethiopia

Nigussie Gashaw 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Scabies is a neglected tropical disease that contributes greatly to global morbidity and mortality and it is responsible for a wide range of infections including impetigo, abscesses and cellulitis that can lead to serious complications such as septice-mia, kidney disease and rheumatic heart disease. Scabies remains one of the commonest of skin diseases seen in developing countries. Although its distribution is subject to a cycle of infection, with peaks and troughs of disease prevalence, this perio-dicity is often less obvious in poor communities. The objective of this review was to collect available data about the therapy of scabies using medicinal plant so far studied by ethno botanical surveys in Ethiopia and gives comprehensive information on the name of plants, method of preparation, route of administration and plant part used. The Data was collected using the keywords “Traditional used medicinal plants for scabies therapy in Ethiopia” in searching the major databases including Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, BioMed Central, PubMed and Springer link documenting published studies done on ethno botany of medicinal plants used in Ethiopia. Ethinobotanical data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and expressed in pie charts. The Review conducted 52 medicinal plants (39 families) recorded to treat scabies in Ethiopia. Parts of medicinal plants used analysis indicates leaves occupy the highest proportion (57%), followed by roots (12%) and others. Although Phytolacca dodecandra L’Herit was the most popular medicinal plant used for the treatment of scabies with the frequency of report six time (29%).

Traditional foods and beverages in Eastern Tigray of Ethiopia

Nigussie Seboka Tadesse,Girum Faris Beyene,Tesfaye Bekele Hordofa,Ashenafi Ayenew Hailu 한국식품연구원 2020 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.7 No.-

Ethiopia is a multiethnic country with diverse cultural practices to prepare foods and beverages having significant contributions in socioeconomic development. Contrary, comprehensive documentation of the products, associated knowledge, and their sociocultural roles is incomplete. In this survey, thirteen typical traditional foods (two fermented and eleven non-fermented) and five traditional beverages (four fermented and one non-fermented) were listed referring the local community of East Tigray. The noted traditional foods/beverages are known for their social and cultural values in the local community, and they are exercised following celebrity events. They are prepared often from barley (Hordeum vulgare), peas (Pisum sativum), wheat (Triticum aestivum), buckthorn (Rhamnus prinoides), maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and teff (Eragrostis tef). Some of the dishes/drinks such as Ambasha, Ebist, Gaa’t, Tihelo, Beso, Zikizuko, Abaekah, Duqua, Suwa, Mes, and Tahetah are well-acknowledged for their health and economic benefits. Others, like Birkuta and sola, are used to survive a long journey and looming drought. To conclude, this article presents a list of traditional foods and beverages which are potentially applicable in modern food or beverage industries and can contribute for global healthy diet.

Genetic Improvement for Yield and Yield Related Traits by Introgressive Hybridization in Sweet Corn

Mandefro Nigussie,Ghizan saleh 韓國作物學會 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.2

Proper choice of source populations contributes to the ultimate success of selection for genetic improvement. The source population should possess the most desirable alleles at as many loci as possible for intra population improvement. Such desirable alleles can be intensified by introgression of exotic germ plasm into locally adapted ones through hybridization followed by selection. The objectives of this study were to determine the mean performance, genetic variability (~sigma2G) and heritability of fresh ear yield and other important traits within two sweet corn source populations, BC1-10~timesSyn-II and BC2-10. One hundred selfed progenies from each of the two source populations were evaluated in a 10~times10 lattice design, at the Institute of Bioscience (IBS) Farm, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM) following the recommended cultural practices. Significant differences among selfed progenies within BC1-10~timesSyn-II were observed for all traits, while differences among selfed progenies within BC2-10 were noted for fresh ear yield, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, ear height, days to tasseling and days to silking. Progenies developed from BC1-10~timesSyn-II population had higher estimates of ~sigma2G than did progenies from BC2-10 population for number of kernel rows per ear, total soluble solids, plant height, days to tasseling and days to silking, showing that selection to improve these traits would be more effective in selfed progenies of BC1-10~timesSyn-II than that in BC2-10. On the other hand, progenies developed from BC2-10 population had higher estimates of ~sigma2G for ear length, ear diameter and ear height, indicating that progenies from this population would have better genetic gain than BC1-10~timesSyn-II . Comparable estimates of genetic variance were found for fresh ear yield, and number of kernels per row, indicating that genetic improvement of the two source populations is expected to produce similar genetic gains for these two traits. Therefore, selfed progenies developed from both source populations could be used to improve the two populations for various traits and thereby develop superior genotypes for immediate use in the production system.

A New Benzophenone from Lindera fruticosa

Song, Myoung-Chong,Nigussie, Fikru,Yang, Hye-Joung,Baek, Nam-In Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.7

Phenolic Glycosides from <i>Lindera fruticosa</i> Root and Their Inhibitory Activity on Osteoclast Differentiation

Song, Myoung-Chong,Nigussie, Fikru,Yang, Hye-Joung,Kim, Hong-Hee,Kim, Ji-Young,Chung, Dae-Kyun,Baek, Nam-In The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2008 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.56 No.5

<P>Two new compounds were found in the phenolic glycosides isolated from the roots of <I>Lindera fruticosa</I>: 5-<I>O</I>-[β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-apiofuranosyl-(1″→2′)-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl]gentisic acid-7,5″-ester (3), named linderofruticoside A; and 5-<I>O</I>-[β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-apiofuranosyl-(1″→3′)-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl]gentisic acid methyl ester (4), linderofruticoside B. Two previously known phenolic glycosides were also identified: β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-(3,4-disinapoyl)fructofuranosyl-α-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-(6-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside (1) and β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-(3-sinapoyl)fructofuranosyl-α-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-(6-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside (2). Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations higher than 1.04 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL> and 0.132 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>, respectively.</P>

A New Benzophenone from Lindera fruticosa

Myoung-Chong Song,Fikru Nigussie,Hye-Joung Yang,Nam-In Baek* 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.7

Phenolic Glycosides from the Roots of Lindera fruticosa and Their Inhibitory Activity on LDL Oxidation

Song, Myoung-Chong,Fikru Nigussie,Yang, Hye-Joung,Lyu, Ha-Na,Lee, Do-Gyeong,Kim, Se-Young,Baek, Nam-In 慶熙大學校 食糧資源開發硏究所 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.26 No.2

Phenolic glycosides were isolated from the roots of Lindera fruticosa. Two known phenolic glycosides were identified as βD-(3,4-disinapoyl) fructofuranosyl-a-D-(6-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside(l) and βD-(3-sinapoyl) fructofuranosyl-a-D-(6-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside(2). Compounds 1 demonstrated low density lipoprotein (LDL) antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 11.8 μM.