Token Passsing에 의한 세선화 Algorithem에 관한 연구 Ⅱ

元南植 慶一大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

A thinning algorithm by token passing represented in this Paper has more improved contents than a study I of a thinning algorithm. As using a thinning algorithm by token passing, processing speed can be more increased any other thinning algorithm. Also it's very suitable algorithm for the recognition of the Korean character that is composed almost stroke feature because this algorithm has very excellent lineation characteristic.

교통제어 시스템에서 최적 지역제어를 위한 Local Controller 개발에 관한 연구

元南植 慶一大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, the new method of optimum control and improvement for the development of advanced local controller in the traffic control systems have been proposed as follows. ·Advanced actuation operation ·Traffic volume data collection and analysis ·Local traffic volume analysis in the sub-area and traffic parameter control function that is offset, split, cycle, speed. ·Time base coordination function ·Time of day function ·Traffic load distribution function ·Variable lane disply control function

악교정 수술후 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자의 하악운동 변화에 관한 연구

남동석,양원식,서정훈,장영일 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자에서 악교정 수술 전후의 하악운동 양상을 관찰하여 수술에 의한 하악운동의 변화를 평가하기 위하여 시행되었다. 서울대학교병원 교정과에서 골격성 III급 부정교합으로 진단받고 수술 전 교정치료를 받은 후, 동 병원 악안면구강외과에서 악교정 수술을 시행한 20명(남;9명, 여;11명)을 대상으로 수술 직전과 수술 2-7개월 후에 Sirognathograph와 BioPak EGN을 이용하여 최대 개폐구 운동과 시상면, 전두면, 수평면에서의 하악한계운동을 기록하고 21개의 항목을 계측하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수술 후에 가장 큰 변화를 보인 항목은 시상면상 전방 운동각도로서, 수술 전 17.4°에서 수술 후 38.8°로 증가하였다. 또한 전치 유도가 형성됨에 따라 전방운동 궤적도 일직선에서 상악 절치의 형태에 따른 곡선으로 변하였다. 2. 수술 전후를 비교할 때 p<0.01 수준에서 유의성을 보인 항목들은 최대 개폐구 운동시 최대 개구량과 최대 전후방 운동량, 시상면상 최대 개구량, 전두면상 좌측방 운동각도의 4항목이었다. 3. 수술 전후를 비교할 때 p<0.05 수준에서 유의성을 보인 항목들은 전두면상 최대 좌우 운동폭, 수평면상 최대 우측방 운동거리, 최대 좌측방 운동각의 3항목이었다. 4. 최대 개폐구 운동시 최대 개구량과 최대 전후방 운동량은 수술 후 측정시간에 따른 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 즉 2, 3개월군에서보다 5, 6, 7개월군에서 더 많은 운동량 회복을 나타내었다. 5. 수술 전 불규칙하던 개폐구시 운동 궤적은 수술 후 개구로와 폐구로가 일치하며 부드러운 곡선을 이루었는데, 이는 악교정 수술에 의해 교합장애가 제거되었기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in mandibular movement patterns after orthognathic surgery in skeletal Class III patients. The sample consisted of 20 Class III malocclusion patients(9 males, 11 females). Just before and after(2-7months) surgery, maximum opening & closing movement, mandibular border movement on sagittal, frontal and horizontal planes were recorded using Sirognathograph & BioPak EGN. On each record, 21 items were measured and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. Angle of protrusive movement on sagittal plane showed greatest change after surgery. Also, as the incisal guidance was established by surgery, straight path of protrusive movement became curved line. 2. Maximum opening distance and maximum antero-posterior distance on maximum opening & closing movement, maximum opening distance on sagittal plane, angle of left lateral excursion on frontal plane were statistically significant after surgery(p<0.01). 3. Maximum width of lateral excursion on frontal plane, distane of right lateral excursion and angle of maximum left lateral excursion on horizontal plane were statistically significant after surgery(p<0.05). 4. Maximum opening distance and maximum antero-posterior distance on maximum opening % closing movement showed significant differences according to post-surgical time(p<0.05). More recovery of range of movement occured in 5-7month group than in 2-3month group. 5. As the occlusal interferences were removed by orthognathic surgery, irregular opening & closing path became smooth curve.

불 전파 방식에 의한 특징 추출 알고리즘

원남식,남인길 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1994 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

During these days, many algorithms for data compression by thinning have been devised and applied to great variety of patterns for different purposes. This wide range of applications shows the usefulness of reducing patterns to thin-line representations, which can be attributed to the need to process a reduced amount of data as well as to the fact that shape analysis can be more easily made on line-like patterns. In this paper, New algorithm for the Feature Extraction by Fire Front's Propagation is proposed. The key principle of this algorithm for the thinning pre-process is to realize parallelism on the Fire Front's Propagation.

세선화된 결과와 종횡비를 이용한 한글과 영어의 구별

元南植,全日秀,李修美 慶一大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

This paper proposes a distinction algorithm of Korean and English characters which can be applied to multi-font from the results of thinning and aspect ratio. The proposed algorithm distinguishes Korean and English characters as the number of connected components. If it can not distinguish those characters with the number of connected components, it distinguishes them as the vowel included in Korean characters and aspect ration of the character image. In experimental results, the distinction rate is about 99.82% for the 2.350 characters of three widely used fonts.

연령이 증가함에 따른 흰쥐 망막의 막대세포, 원뿔세포 및 바깥얼기층의 미세구조 변화

고정식,한종원,양남길,안의태 대한해부학회 1992 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.25 No.3

8-이웃 연결값을 이용한 細線化 알고리즘에서의 骨格消滅現狀 除去

元南植 慶一大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

This paper is the study about the skeleton disappearance phenomena in the WPTA available for the recognition of various characters. The WPTA can extract the skeleton of a character almost similar to the original pattern by using the connection value representing connectivity of each pixel. In this paper we show that the skeleton disappearance phenomena exists in the WPTA and propose an modified algorithm(WPTA8N) which can eliminate it in the WPTA. The thinning results of the proposed algorithm show that the skeleton disappearance phenomena is eliminated and the quality of extracted skeleton are excellent.

세선화를 위한 4 근접 연결값에 의한 알고리즘

원남식,남인길 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1994 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

Feature extraction generated by thinning algorithms, are often used to represent objects in a binary digital image for shape analysis and classification. Many thinning algorithms have been proposed to date. They differ from each other because of the many definitions of digital skeletons and the failure to utilize available analytical tools in their design and performance evaluations. In this paper, New algorithm for the thinning is proposed. The key principle of the algorithm is to process object pixel by the 4 Neighbors Connectivity Value.

Simulated resin root canal에서 엔진 구동형 Ni-Ti 파일로 근관성형 후 Buchanan plugger의 근관 내 삽입깊이에 대한 비교 연구

박연식,김동준,황윤찬,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 레진 블록에서 엔진구동형 Ni-Ti 기구를 이용하여 근관성형 후 Buchanan plugger의 삽입 깊이에 대한 비교를 통해 임상적 상황에서 Ni-Ti 파일로 근관 성형 후 Continuous wave of condensation technique을 이용한 근관 충전시 적절한 크기의 Buchanan plugger 선택에 지침을 제공하기 위해 시행되었다. 만곡근관과 직선근관을 가진 레진 블록에서 ProTaper와 ProFile을 이용하여 근관 성형을 하였다. 성형 후 근관에 Buchanan plugger 가 근관벽과 처음으로 접촉하는 부위까지 삽입한 후 그 상태에서 스태너를 이용하여 이미지를 얻었다. 이미지 분석 프로그램을 이용해 근첨에서 plugger 첨부까지의 거리를 얻었다. 각 기구에 대한 plugger 삽입깊이에 대한 유의성을 검정하기 위해 one-way ANOVA를 시행하였고, 사후검정을 위해 Scheffe's test를 시행하였다. 본 연구의 결과 만곡되고 좁읍 근관에서, ProTaper F2와 F3로 마무리 성형한 근관에서 F. FM 크기의 plugger를 사용할 경우 Continuous wave of condensation technique으로 적절한 근관충전이 가능함을 시사하였다. This study was conducted to evaluate the insertion depth of Buchanan plugger after shaping by various Ni-Ti rotary files. It was conducted to determine which size of plugger are appropriate, when root canals are shaped with Ni-Ti rotary files and obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique. Two type of eighty simulated resin blocks were used : J-shaped and straight shaped canal. The simulated canals were instrumented by ProTaper and ProFile. Buchanan pluggers were inserted into the canal, and then the image was recorded to scanner. The distance from the apex of the canal to the plugger tip was measured by image analysis program. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test. The results were as follows 1. In straight canal finished up to ProTaper F2 and F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. 2. In J-shaped canal finished up to ProTaper F2 file, F pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. Finished up to ProTaper F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. 3. In straight and J-shaped canal finished up to ProFile . 06/#20 and ,06/#25, any of Buchanan plugger could not be inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working lenghth. These results suggest that canals shaped by ProTaper could be obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique with F and FM size Buchanan plugger.

중금속물질이 생쥐 신장사구체에 미치는 영향에 대한 미세구조 연구

김주원,고정식,양남길,안의태,박경호 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

본 실험은 중금속물질이 섭취되었을 때 신장사구체의 미세구조적 변화를 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 체중 25gm내외의 성숙한 마우스(IRC)를 사용하였는데 실험군은 염화제이수은(HgCl₂)을 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg씩, 중크롬산칼륨(K₂Cr₂O7)을 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg씩 피하주사하여 사용하였다. 각 실험군은 주사 후 6시간, 3일, 2주일에 희생시킨 후 신장조직을 떼어내어 2.5% glutaraldehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde혼합액(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 다시 고정한 다음, 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 다시 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 ethyl acohol과 acetone으로 탈수하여 araldite 혼합액에 포매하였으며 포매된 조직은 LKB-V Ultramicrotome으로 얇은 절편을 만들어 uranyl acetate와 lead citrate액으로 염색한 후 JEM 100CX-Ⅱ전자 현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 사구체기저막의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨 투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기(6시간과 3일)에 사구체기저막의 전자밀도가 다소 불규칙하고 혹 모양의 물질이 기저막에 침착되었으나 2주일군에서 거의 정상군의 것에 비하여 별다른 변화를 볼 수 없었다. 2. 내피세포의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일 )에 내피세포 내에 공포와 myelin구조가 자주 관찰되었다. 3. 문어발세포의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일) 에 팽창된 과립형질내세망의 수조와 납작한 Golgi복합체 수조가 관찰되었다. 4. 혈관사이세포의 경우, 염화제수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨 투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일)에 기질내에 전자밀도가 높은 침착물이 관찰되었으며 혈관사이세포의 세포돌기가 내피세포 쪽으로 돌출되어 내피세포의 세포질판에 의해 둘러싸여 있는 모습이 자주 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 마우스가 일정량의 염화제이수은 또는 중크롬산칼륨을 한번 섭취하면 급성사구체신염의 형태학적 특징을 보이나 2주일정도가 지나면 사구체의 경우에는 거의 정상상태로 회복하며, 염화제이수은이 중크롬산칼륨에 비하여 사구체에 더 많은 손상을 준다고 생각된다. This experiment was performed to study the Ultrastructural changes of the renal glomerulus, induced by heavy metallic agents. Healthy adult mice weighing 25gm each were divided into normal an dexperimental grouops. Mercuric chloride(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) or potassium bichromate(5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 2-mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously to the animals. Animals were sacrificed at 6 hours, 3 days and 2 weeks following the injections. Pieces of tissues were taken from renal corticies, prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), and followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3) Fixed blocks were dehydrated with alcohols and acetone, embedded in araldite mixture, cut with LKB V-ultratome. The ultrathin sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with a JEM 100CX-II electron microscope. The results were as follow: 1. Glomerular basal laminae of the experimental groups showed some alterations, especially in the earlier stage-(6 hours and 3 days) of mercuric chloride-(5mg/kg. 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. Irregularity of the electron density and accumulation of electron dense materials were observed. But morphological changes occurred in the basal laminae are generally recovered to normal appearance within 2 weeks. 2. In the glomerular endothelial cells of the mercuric chloride-(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and the potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. a large number of vacuoles and some myelin figures were observed frequently, especially in the earlier grous-(6 hours and 3 days). 3. In the podocytes of the mercuric chloirde-(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. swollen cistern of rough endoplasmic reticulum and flattened cistern of the Golgi complexes were observed in the earlier groups-(6 hours and 3 days). 4. In the mesangial cell of the mercuric chloride-(5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. electron dense deposits were seen within the matrix and protruding cytoplasmic processes of the cells were surrounded by the cytoplasmic plates of the endothelial cells. From the above results. it was concluded that. the mercuric chloride or potassium bichromate induces acute glomerulonephritis on the mice, but ultrastructural changes occurred in the glomerulus after injection of the heavy metallic agents were recovered to normal appearance within 2 weeks. Mercuric chloride was more harmful on the renal glomerulus than potassium bichromte.