http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Morphometric evaluation of great vein of Galen and its clinical implications
Grace Suganya. S(Grace Suganya. S ),Ariharan. K(Ariharan. K ),Raveendranath Veeramani(Raveendranath Veeramani ),Dinesh Kumar. V(Dinesh Kumar. V ),Nagarajan Krishnan(Nagarajan Krishnan ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1
The Galenic venous system plays a vital role in the drainage of blood from deeper parts of the brain. This venous system is contributed by many major veins. These veins are located closer to the pineal gland making the surgical approach in this region difficult. Any accidental injury or occlusion of the vein of Galen could lead to devasting results. Thus, studying the dimensions of the vein of Galen is more important. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the morphometry and trajectory to the vein of Galen. About 100 computed tomographic venography records were evaluated and the length, diameter of vein of Galen, angle between straight sinus and vein of Galen and distance from internal occipital protuberance and roof of fourth ventricle to vein of Galen were studied. The mean length and diameter of vein of Galen were 9.8±2.7 and 4.08±1.04 respectively. The mean angle between straight sinus and vein of Galen was 64.2°. The mean distance between external occipital protuberance and roof of fourth ventricle to vein of Galen were 52±6.9 and 33.3±4.5 respectively. No significant morphometric differences were observed between the age groups as well as between the sexs. The results obtained from this study may be helpful for the neurosurgeons in better understanding of the anatomy of the Galenic venous system and to adopt a safe surgical approach to improve the efficacy of the surgeries of the pineal gland and also in the region of vein of Galen.
Sabarish Sekar,Kanimozhi Periasamy,Nagarajan Krishnan 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2019 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.3 No.2
Congenital anomalies involving termination of a coronary artery and a fistulous communication with any cardiac chamber, pulmonary artery/vein, superior vena cava, or coronary sinus are defined as coronary cameral fistulas. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography with electrocardiographic gating precisely demonstrates complex and multiple coronary fistulas, their course and drainage routes, and relationships with surrounding structures, and MDCT is the primary modality for diagnosis, pre-treatment planning, and follow up of coronary cameral fistulas. We report three cases involving two elderly adults and a three-yearold child who were suspected to have coronary cameral fistulas and underwent MDCT to confirm the diagnosis and delineate the fistula, emphasising the unique role of MDCT in their diagnosis and management, along with a review of the literature.
Unusual Presentation of a Rib Osteochondroma as Hard Breast Lump in a Young Male: A Case Report
Vendoti Nitheesha Reddy,Krishnan Nagarajan,Vendoti Midhusha Reddy 대한영상의학회 2023 대한영상의학회지 Vol.84 No.1
Osteochondroma arising from the rib is rare. They arise as bony outgrowths from the rib and extend either extrathoracically into the subcutaneous plane or intrathoracically compressing the lung or mediastinal structures. A 23-year-old male patient presented with complaints of breast lump since last year. On clinical examination, a hard bony projection with lobulated contour was palpable. Chest radiograph and contrast-enhanced CT showed a bony outgrowth arising from the anterior aspect of costochondral junction of the right fourth rib with displacement of pectoralis major muscle anteriorly. Osteochondroma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the presentation of hard lump in the breast along with other chest wall tumors.