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あぁかがさざただなはばぱまやゃらわゎんいぃきぎしじちぢにひびぴみりうぅくぐすずつづっぬふぶぷむゆゅるえぇけげせぜてでねへべぺめれおぉこごそぞとどのほぼぽもよょろを

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1
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis를 이용한 한국의 논 토양 미생물 다양성 분석 방법

최명은 ( Myeongeun Choe ),홍성준 ( Sung Jun Hong ),임종희 ( Jong Hui Lim ),곽윤영 ( Yun Young Kwak ),백창기 ( Chang Gi Back ),정희영 ( Hee Young Jung ),이인중 ( In Jung Lee ),신재호 ( Jae Ho Shin ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2013 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.56 No.2
- 원문보기 2
  ScienceON
  
  KISS
현재 토양 생태에서 토양미생물은 유기물 분해, 질소 순환, 식물의 질소 이용 등 중요한 역할을 하고 있어, 토양 내 미생물 다양성을 분석하기 위한 연구는 지속적으로 진행되어 오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 논 토양의 미생물 생태 다양성을 조사하기 위한 효과적인 방법으로 denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)를 적용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 논 토양 미생물의 DNA를 분리하기 위하여 lysis buffer method, skim milk bead method, sodium phosphate buffer method, Epicentre SoilMaster DNA extraction kit (Epicentre, USA), Mo Bio PowerSoil kit (Mo Bio, USA)를 이용하여 토양 내 gDNA 최적 추출방법을 확인하였다. 그 결과 Mo Bio PowerSoil kit를 사용하였을 때 Shannon 다양성지수가 세균 3.3870, 진균 3.6254으로 미생물 다양성 분석시에 가장 효과적이었다. DGGE 분석을 위한 조건은 세균의 경우 6% polyacylamide gel, 45? 60% denaturing gradient였고, 진균의 경우 6% polyacrylamide gel, 45?80% denaturing gradient에서 최적 분석조건을 보였다. 위의 분석법을 적용하여 논 토양내의 미생물 군집의 변화를 살펴보면 시간의 변화 요인에 의해 미생물 변화가 일어나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 사용된 DGGE 분석법을 통해 논토양 미생물의 분석 가능성을 제시 할 수 있었다. Soil microbes are important integral components of soil ecosystem which have significant and diverse role in organic matter decomposition, nitrogen cycling, and nitrogen fixation. In this study an effective denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was employed for paddy soil microbial diversity survey. For optimum paddy soil microbial DNA extraction, different methods such as Lysis buffer, skim milk bead, sodium phosphate buffer, Epicentre Soil Master DNA extraction kit (Epicentre, USA) and Mo Bio Power Soil DNA kit (MO BIO, USA) methods were utilized. Among all the method, using Mo Bio Power Soil kit was most effective. DGGE analysis of Bacteria was carried out at 6% polyacylamide gel and 45-60% denaturing gradient in the optimal conditions. Whereas DGGE analysis of fungi was done at 6% polyacrylamide gel and 45-80% denaturing gradient in the optimal conditions. By applying the above assay, it was found that variation within the microbial community of paddy soil occurs by a factor of time. DGGE say used in this study through for a variety of soil microbial analysis suggests the potential use of this method.
2
Comparison of Swallowing Characteristics in Normal Controls and Patients with Dysphagia

Baekhee Lee,Hyewon Lee,Myeongeun Yun,Mee Kyung Suh,Duk L. Na,Heecheon You 대한인간공학회 2013 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5
- 원문보기
Objective: The present study is intended to compare swallowing characteristics between normal controls and patients with dysphagia through quantification of the pharyngeal movement. Background: The existing diagnoses of swallowing have been qualitatively conducted by a clinician referring to results of the VideoFluorocopic Swallowing Study (VFSS) or the Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES); therefore, a quantitative methodology for assessment of the swallowing is required to diagnose dysphagia more accurately. Method: A three-step approach was applied in the study: (1) development of a swallowing measurement device consisting of an ultrasonic Doppler sensor to measure the pharyngeal movement, (2) establishment of five swallowing quantification measures (peak amplitude, duration, number of peaks, peak interval, and impulse of swallowing) by a swallowing signal preprocessing, (3) evaluation of the swallowing in 120 normal controls and 36 dysphagic patients by three-step protocol (S1. informed consent, S2. exercise, S3. swallowing session; type and volume: dry saliva, thin liquid 1, 3, 9 ml, and thick liquid 1, 3, 9 ml). Results: Swallowing signals of normal controls and dysphagic patients classified into 2 types (short-single: 39%; short-double: 43%) and 3 types (short-double: 58%; long-double: 33%; long-multiple: 9%), respectively. Dysphagic patients had difficulties in swallowing of 9 ml regardless of swallowing type. Highest peak amplitude, duration, number of peaks, average peak interval, and impulse of dysphagic patients were 1.3 times higher (t = 4.31, p < .001), 3 times longer (t = -11.15, p < .001), 2 times more (t = -6.73, p < .001), 2 times longer (t = -9.23, p < .001), and 1.3 times lower (t = 8.94, p < .001) than those of normal controls, respectively. Application: The swallowing characteristics of dysphagic patients can be applied to develop a diagnostic model which can evaluate quantitatively the existence and severity for dysphagia.