Antioxidant Activities of Rosemary, Sage, and Sumac Extracts and Their Combinations on Stability of Natural Peanut Oil

Musa ?zcan 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Journal of medicinal food Vol.6 No.3

The antioxidant efficacy of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.), sage (Salvia fruticosaL.), and sumac (RhuscoriariaL.) extracts and combinations at 4% concentrations (wt/vol, extract/oil) were investigated. Methanolic extracts ofrosemary, sage, sumac, and their combinations were applied to peanut oil stored at 80° C for 24 h. The antioxidant effect wasdetermined by measuring the peroxide value. All extracts showed antioxidant effects compared with control. But the antiox-idant effect of all extracts was low compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene. Rosemary extract (except for 3 and 4 h)exhibited the most antioxidant effect compared with other individual extracts. Of blends, the most effective ones were sageplus sumac combinations. Sumac extract is also promising as a source of natural antioxidants.

Effect of Different Locations on the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) Leaves Growing Wild in Turkey

Musa Özcan,Jean-Claude Chalchat 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

The essential oil components of Laurus nobilisgathered from seven different locations of Turkey were iden-tified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The oil yields on a dry weight basis ranged between 1.4% to 2.6%. The ma-jor component was 1,8-cineole (51.7368.48%); other predominant components were .-terpinyl acetate (4.049.87%), sabinene(4.447.75%), .-pinene (2.934.89%), .-pinene (2.583.91%), terpinene-4-ol (1.333.24%), and .-terpineol (0.953.05%).Minor qualitative and major quantitative variations of some compounds were determined with respect to localities of collec-tion. As a result, the 1,8-cineole content of these oils was significantly higher than those of other constituents of L. nobilis.Laurel is usually considered as the natural source of this compound, used in the flavor and fragrance industry.

Mineral Composition of Different Parts of Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood Growing Wild in Turkey

Musa Özcan 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

Major and minor mineral contents of young shoots, flower buds, caperberries (fruit), and seeds of CapparisovataDesf. var. canescens(Coss.) Heywood, used as a pickling product in Turkey, were determined by inductively coupledplasma atomic emission spectrometry. Twenty-one minerals were assayed in samples. All materials contained high amountsof Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Pb, and Zn. The highest levels of Ca (598.3416,947.1 ppm), K (3,093.128,163.9 ppm), Na (57.9444.3ppm), P (1,690.54,153.9 ppm), and Zn (21.135.6 ppm) were found in flower buds. The content of K was high in most casesand ranged from 28,163.9 ppm (flower bud) to 3,093.1 ppm (caper seed). Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Pb, and Se contents of ca-per plant organs were found to be very low. Consequently, caper parts were rich in minerals, and they may be valuable forfood uses. The results may also be useful for the evaluation of nutritional information.

Determination of Mineral Contents of Turkish Herbal Tea (Salvia aucheri var. canescens) at Different Infusion Periods

Musa Ocan 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.1

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has been used for the determination of contents of major and minor elements in Salvia aucheri var. canescens (sage) and its infusions for different intervals. Twenty-five elements (Al, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ln, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, Ti,V, and Zn) were detected in both S. aucheri and its infusions. The ranges of mineral levels varied from Cd (1.6668 mg/kg) to K (13,570 mg/kg) and Ni (0.05273 mg/kg) to K (196.25 mg/kg) in the herb and its infusions, respectively. The levels of K, Ca, Na, Mg, and S in all infusions in this work were higher than those of the other elements. However, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, K, Mg, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, and Zn contents were high in the first period of infusion. As a result, the first period of infusion may be proposed as the optimum infusion time because of nutritional properties. These results may be useful for the evaluation of dietary information.

Investigation on the Mineral Contents of Capers (Capparis spp.) Seed Oils Growing Wild in Turkey

M. Musa Özcan 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.3

Minor and major mineral contents of seed oils of Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood and Capparis spinosa var. spinosa used as pickling products in Turkey were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The seed oils contained Al, P, Na, Mg, Fe, and Ca, in addition to fatty acids. The highest mineral concentrations measured were 14.91–118.81 mg/kg Al, 1,489.34–11,523.74 mg/kg P, 505.78–4,489.51 mg/kg Na, 102.15–1,655.33 mg/kg Mg, 78.83–298.14 mg/kg Fe, and 1.04–76.39 mg/kg Ca. The heavy metal concentrations were less than the limit of detection in all oil samples. The results may also be useful for the evaluation of nutritional information.

Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content, and Peroxide Value of Essential Oil and Extracts of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Used as Condiments and Herbal Teas in Turkey

Mehmet Musa Özcan,Özcan Erel,Emine Etöz Herken 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.1

The antioxidant activity, total peroxide values, and total phenol contents of several medicinal and aromatic plant essential oil and extracts from Turkey were examined. Total phenolic contents were determined using a spectrophotometric technique and calculated as gallic acid equivalents. Total antioxidant activity of essential oil and extracts varied from 0.6853 to 1.3113 and 0.3189 to 0.6119 μmol of Trolox equivalents/g, respectively. The total phenolic content of essential oil ranged from 0.0871 to 0.5919 mg of gallic acid/g dry weight. However, the total phenolic contents of extracts were found to be higher compared with those of essential oils. The amount of total peroxide values of oils varied from 7.31 (pickling herb) to 58.23 (bitter fennel flower) μmol of H2O2/g. As a result, it is shown that medicinal plant derivatives such as extract and essential oils can be useful as a potential source of total phenol, peroxide, and antioxidant capacity for protection of processed foods.

Antimicrobial Effects of Turkish Propolis, Pollen, and Laurel on Spoilage and Pathogenic Food-Related Microorganisms

Osman Erkmen,Mehmet Musa Özcan 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.3

The antimicrobial activities of propolis extract, pollen extract, and essential oil of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) at concentrations from 0.02% to 2.5% (vol/vol) were investigated on bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonlla typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Enterococcus faecalis, and Listeria monocytogenes), yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida rugosa), and molds (Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oryzae). Pollen has no antimicrobial effects on the bacteria and fungi tested in the concentrations used. Propolis showed a bactericidal effect at 0.02% on B. cereus and B. subtilis, at 1.0% on S. aureus and E. faecalis, and at 0.2% on L. monocytogenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration of propolis for fungi was 2.5%. Propolis and laurel were ineffective against E. coli and S. typhimurium at the concentrations tested. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity were concentration dependent. Propolis and essential oil of laurel may be used as biopreservative agents in food processing and preservation.

Diprosopus, craniorachischisis, arthrogryposis, and other associated anomalies in a stillborn lamb

Cihan Kaçar,İsmet Takçı,Kutlay Gürbulak,Hasan Özen,Musa Karaman,Kadir Özcan 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.4

Congenital malformations with multiple anomalies have been described infrequently in the veterinary literature. A stillborn male crossbred lamb with diprosopus, craniorachischisis, and arthrogryposis was examined macroscopically and histopathologically in this study. The left head was smaller than the right head. Micrencephaly, agnathia, and a rudimentary tongue, which was adherent to the palate, were present in the left head. Micrencephaly, brachygnathia superior, and cleft palate were present in the right head. Cerebellar agenesis and spinal cord hypoplasia were observed. The cerebrums and the spinal cord were covered with a tapering membranous structure. Neural and dermal tissues were noted to intervene upon microscopic examination of this structure. Disorganization of neurons was observed in both cerebrums, though it was more severe in the left one. This case demonstrates many congenital defects occurring together in a lamb.