C-H Bond Addition across a Transient Uranium-Nitrido Moiety and Formation of a Parent Uranium Imido Complex

Mullane, Kimberly C.,Ryu, Ho,Cheisson, Thibault,Grant, Lauren N.,Park, Ji Young,Manor, Brian C.,Carroll, Patrick J.,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Mindiola, Daniel J.,Schelter, Eric J. American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.36

<P>Uranium complexes in the +3 and +4 oxidation states were prepared using the anionic PN<SUP>-</SUP> (PN<SUP>-</SUP> = (<I>N</I>-(2-(diisopropylphosphino)-4-methylphenyl)-2,4,6-trimethylanilide) ligand framework. New complexes include the halide starting materials, (PN)<SUB>2</SUB>U<SUP>III</SUP>I (<B>1</B>) and (PN)<SUB>2</SUB>U<SUP>IV</SUP>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>2</B>), which both yield (PN)<SUB>2</SUB>U<SUP>IV</SUP>(N<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>3</B>) by reaction with NaN<SUB>3</SUB>. Compound <B>3</B> was reduced with potassium graphite to produce a putative, transient uranium-nitrido moiety that underwent an intramolecular C-H activation to form a rare example of a parent imido complex, [K(THF)<SUB>3</SUB>][(PN)U<SUP>IV</SUP>(═NH)[<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>P(C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>Me)N(C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>Me<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]] (<B>4</B>). Calculated reaction energy profiles strongly suggest that a C-H insertion becomes unfavorable when a reductant is present, offering a distinctively different reaction pathway than previously observed for other uranium nitride complexes.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

A critical review of the effects of medical Qigong on quality of life, immune function, and survival in cancer patients.

Oh, Byeongsang,Butow, Phyllis,Mullan, Barbara,Hale, Amanda,Lee, Myeong Soo,Guo, Xinfeng,Clarke, Stephen Sage Publications 2012 Integrative cancer therapies Vol.11 No.2

<P>Due to the limitations and side effects of conventional cancer treatment, especially in relation to quality of life (QOL), patients are increasingly utilizing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to supplement health-related outcomes. However, evidence for the safety and efficacy of such treatments is lacking. The purpose of the current review was to investigate evidence for the role of one CAM, medical Qigong (MQ), in supportive care.</P>

Use of welfare outcome information in three types of dairy farm inspection reports

Lin, Yi-Chun,Mullan, Siobhan,Main, David C.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.9

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the use of outcome-based observations within Assured Dairy Farm scheme (ADF), Soil Association Organic Standards (SA), and cross compliance (CC) farm assessment reports. Methods: A total of 449 ADF reports, 37 SA reports and 26 CC reports were analyzed and their objective comments categorized as either resource-based or outcome-based. Results: A mean of 61.0% of ADF questions were responded to with comments, in comparison to 25.0% of SA and, 21.0% of CC report questions. The SA and CC reports had significantly more outcome-based comments than the ADF (p<0.001). The assessors' tendency of choosing resource-based approach was revealed in the questionnaire results. Conclusion: Generally, the comments were comprehensive and contained professional judgements. Large numbers of comments provided in the ADF reports were mostly compliant and resource-based evidence, which serves as proof of assessment rather than aiding the certifying process. The inclusion of specific welfare outcome measures in the SA inspection likely increased the use of outcome-based comments in the reports, irrespective of whether the farm achieved compliance with a given standards. The CC scheme, on the other hand, focused on providing outcome-based evidence to justify noncompliant decisions.

Infra-colic gastrostomy: Technique and anatomical considerations

Jen-Jou Wong,Srujana Ganti,Damian Mullan,Derek Edwards,Hans-Ulrich Laasch 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.10 No.1

Background: Infra-colic radiologically inserted gastrostomy is not well documented, and the presence of an insertion window solely below the transverse colon is generally regarded as a contraindication to gastrostomy insertion. A perceived increased risk is due to the presence of vessels and lymphatics within the omental and peritoneal structures, such as the epiploic arteries, the arterial arcade of Barkow, and middle colic artery branches from the superior mesenteric artery. Colonic obstruction is also an additional theorised risk. We provide evidence that infra-colic insertion of a feeding tube through the greater omentum can be performed safely. Methods: A total of 1,156 gastrostomies were inserted over an 8-year period. A retrospective review of the 5 cases was conducted. Electronic patient records were reviewed including clinical consultations, procedure reports and images. Results: In all cases, barium was administered orally/per nasogastric tube the day before to delineate the colon. All patients underwent sedo-analgesia with insufflation of the stomach achieved by a temporising nasogastric/orogastric tube. Infra-colic gastropexy with three SafeTpexy T-fasteners was undertaken. Standard 12 Fr balloon retained tubes were inserted through the greater omentum with no post-procedural complications or tube malfunctions in four cases. A 16 Fr disc retained tube was inserted in a fifth case. Conclusion: Despite the perceived difficulties, we suggest that infra-colic gastrostomies can be performed with confidence, and with little deviation from standard insertion techniques. They can be inserted without an apparent increase in complications, although operators need to be aware of the anatomical differences and additional structures traversed when performing infra-colic gastrostomies.

The Use of Leucaena leucacephala Leaf Meal as a Protein Supplement for Pigs

Zakayo, G.,Krebs, G.L.,Mullan, B.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.9

Sixteen Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs 12 weeks of age, with an average body weight of $22.9{\pm}2.12kg$ were fed four experimental diets; a commercial grain-based grower diet (control); or a diet containing 20% of either sun-dried leucaena leaf meal (LLM), water soaked LLM or $FeSO_4-treated$ LLM, replacing the basal diet. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in live weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) in pigs fed the diet containing sun-dried LLM. Growth rate, feed intake and FCE were not affected by the addition of water-soaked and FeSO4-treated LLM to the basal diet. Triiodothyronine $(T_3)$ and thyroxine $(T_4)$ levels in the blood plasma were not affected by the dietary treatments. Addition of $FeSO_4-treated$ LLM to the basal diet significantly (p<0.05) reduced the back fat thickness of the pigs.

Vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids independently attenuate plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E3 in Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-challenged growing-finishing pigs.

Upadhaya, S D,Kim, J C,Mullan, B P,Pluske, J R,Kim, I H American Society of Animal Science 2015 Journal of Animal Science Vol. No.

<P>This study tested the hypothesis that vitamin E (Vit E) and omega-3 fatty acids will additively attenuate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE2 in immune system-stimulated growing-finishing pigs. A total of 80 mixed sex pigs weighing 50.7 +/- 0.76 kg (mean +/- SE) were blocked and stratified based on sex and BW to a 2 x 2 factorial design with the respective factors being 1) without and with 300 IU Vit E and 2) without and with 25% replacement of tallow to linseed oil as a source of n-3 fatty acids. Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens with 5 pigs (3 barrows and 2 gilts) per pen. All pigs were challenged with an intramuscular injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; O111: B4) twice weekly over the 6-wk experiment. After LPS challenge, pigs fed a diet supplemented with n-3 fatty acids had fewer (P < 0.05) white blood cells and tended to show both a reduced (P < 0.10) proportion of lymphocytes and IgG concentration compared with pigs fed a diet without any supplements. Supplementation of n-3 fatty acids reduced (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) serum concentrations of cortisol and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), respectively. The serum concentration of PGE(2) was decreased (P < 0.05) with supplementation of both Vit E and n-3 fatty acids; however, the extent of the reduction was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed an n-3 fatty acidsupplemented diet. However, there were no additive effects of the combined supplementation of Vit E and n-3 fatty acids on serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE(2). The results suggest that n-3 fatty acids independently attenuate production of TNF-alpha and PGE(2) in immune system-stimulated growing-finishing pigs.</P>

Infra-colic gastrostomy: Technique and anatomical considerations

Jen-Jou Wong,Srujana Ganti,Damian Mullan,Derek Edwards,Hans-Ulrich Laasch 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.10 No.1

Background: Infra-colic radiologically inserted gastrostomy is not well documented, and the presence of an insertion window solely below the transverse colon is generally regarded as a contraindication to gastrostomy insertion. A perceived increased risk is due to the presence of vessels and lymphatics within the omental and peritoneal structures, such as the epiploic arteries, the arterial arcade of Barkow, and middle colic artery branches from the superior mesenteric artery. Colonic obstruction is also an additional theorised risk. We provide evidence that infra-colic insertion of a feeding tube through the greater omentum can be performed safely. Methods: A total of 1,156 gastrostomies were inserted over an 8-year period. A retrospective review of the 5 cases was conducted. Electronic patient records were reviewed including clinical consultations, procedure reports and images. Results: In all cases, barium was administered orally/per nasogastric tube the day before to delineate the colon. All patients underwent sedo-analgesia with insufflation of the stomach achieved by a temporising nasogastric/orogastric tube. Infra-colic gastropexy with three SafeTpexy T-fasteners was undertaken. Standard 12 Fr balloon retained tubes were inserted through the greater omentum with no post-procedural complications or tube malfunctions in four cases. A 16 Fr disc retained tube was inserted in a fifth case. Conclusion: Despite the perceived difficulties, we suggest that infra-colic gastrostomies can be performed with confidence, and with little deviation from standard insertion techniques. They can be inserted without an apparent increase in complications, although operators need to be aware of the anatomical differences and additional structures traversed when performing infra-colic gastrostomies.

The vanishing stent: Repeated fracture and dissolution of nitinol gastric stents in a long term cancer survivor

Christopher Randle Lunt,Pavan Najaran,Derek E. Edwards,Jon K Bell,Damian Mullan,Hans-Ulrich Laasch 소화기인터벤션의학회 2018 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.7 No.2

Nitinol self expandable metal stents are increasingly utilised for malignant obstruction in the proximal gastrointestinal tract. We describe a case in which repeated fracture of proximal duodenal stents with dissolution of the nitinol wire skeleton and covering membranes occurred in a long term cancer survivor. This necessitated placement of 4 stents for symptom control and to allow oral feeding until the patient’s death 20 months after the initial stent was inserted. Fracture of gastric and duodenal stents has rarely been described previously, some incidences of which were considered due to mechanical causes. Dissolution of stent metal skeletons has not previously been recognised in gastroduodenal stents but has been described in an oesophageal stent subject to reflux of gastric content and a biochemical mechanism has been proposed. With modern oncological treatment the prospect of patients outliving their stents is increasing and the need for repeat procedures should form part of the consent process.

Safety of EEG BIS-guided nurse-administered procedural sedation during gastro-intestinal intervention

Alexander Oh,Sviatlana Vasileuskaya,Nabil Kibriya,Paula Puro,Damian Mullan,Hans-Ulrich Laasch 소화기인터벤션의학회 2024 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.13 No.1

Background: Sedation remains a subject of contention and anxiety for many interventional teams. We reviewed our outcomes of electroencephalographic (EEG) bi-spectral index sensor (BIS) guidance, which allowed us to transfer the role of the sedation practitioner to the interventional radiology nurses. Methods: In total, 150 consecutive cancer-related interventional procedures were collected prospectively at a tertiary center. All patients were given 4 L oxygen via a nasal cannula and had conscious sedation administered by two trained interventional nurses. In addition to standard monitoring, frontal lobe EEG BIS monitoring was used. The initial amount of midazolam or fentanyl administered were dependant on the patient’s age and American Society of Anesthesiologists classification score. Thereafter, conscious sedation was maintained by titrating small incremental doses to maintain BIS between 80 and 85. The patients’ vitals were monitored at 5-minute intervals and recorded along with the Ramsay sedation scale and tolerance score. Results: The three most common procedures were: radiologically inserted gastrostomy (48%), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (35%), and esophageal stenting (11%). All procedures were completed without disruption or unexpected patient movements. No reversal agents or airway management were required and no incidences of hypoxia occurred. Conclusion: BIS monitoring is an invaluable tool that has successfully allowed the role of the sedation practitioner to be transferred to the interventional nurses. It allows sedation to be personalized to each patient and their individual susceptibility to combination sedation and represents a vast improvement over interval clinical assessment of patients’ responsiveness to stimuli.

The vanishing stent: Repeated fracture and dissolution of nitinol gastric stents in a long term cancer survivor

Christopher Randle Lunt,Pavan Najaran,Derek E. Edwards,Jon K Bell,Damian Mullan,Hans-Ulrich Laasch 소화기인터벤션의학회 2018 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.7 No.2

Nitinol self expandable metal stents are increasingly utilised for malignant obstruction in the proximal gastrointestinal tract. We describe a case in which repeated fracture of proximal duodenal stents with dissolution of the nitinol wire skeleton and covering membranes occurred in a long term cancer survivor. This necessitated placement of 4 stents for symptom control and to allow oral feeding until the patient’s death 20 months after the initial stent was inserted. Fracture of gastric and duodenal stents has rarely been described previously, some incidences of which were considered due to mechanical causes. Dissolution of stent metal skeletons has not previously been recognised in gastroduodenal stents but has been described in an oesophageal stent subject to reflux of gastric content and a biochemical mechanism has been proposed. With modern oncological treatment the prospect of patients outliving their stents is increasing and the need for repeat procedures should form part of the consent process.