Effects of peripartal glucose precursor supplementation on lactation performance and metabolic health of primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Akhtar Muhammad Uzair,Hifzulrahman,Pasha Talat Naseer,Avais Muhammad,Khan Nauman,Chishti Ghazanfar Ali,Ali Mubashar,Imran Muhammad,Tahir Muhammad Naeem,Naveed-ul-Haque Muhammad 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.6

Objective: Hyperketonemia remains a major metabolic issue of serious milk production and a major health concern in early lactation cows. Oral supplementation of glucose precursors (GP) can be used to prevent hyperketonemia in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to compare the beneficial effects of orally supplementing a mixture of GP on metabolic health indicators and milk production status of primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) dairy cows. Methods: Twenty-eight Holstein cows were blocked by expected date of parturition, previous lactation yield, and parity. The cows were randomly allocated to one of the four treatment groups (n = 7 cows/group) based on their parity and GP supplementation: i) PP cows fed basal diet only (PP-CON), ii) PP cows with oral supplementation of GP (PP-GP), iii) MP cows fed basal diet only (MP-CON), and iv) MP cows with oral supplementation of GP (MP-GP). Glucose precursor (glycoline liquid) was orally drenched (300 mL/d) in GP cows from 7 days prepartum through 7 days postpartum. Other than GP supplementation, all cows were fed similar pre- and postpartum basal diets. Results: In both pre- and postpartum periods, serum glucose concentration was increased, whereas β-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids were decreased in GP cows compared with the CON cows. Milk yield and milk components were statistically not different between GP and CON cows over the first 9 week of lactation. The yield of actual milk, energycorrected milk, 63-days cumulative milk, colostrum yield, and calf birth weight remained higher in MP cows compared with PP cows. Conclusion: Oral drenching of GP around calving can be recommended to successfully improve the metabolic health and reduce the negative effects of hyperketonemia not only in MP but also in PP dairy cows.

In-vitro assessment of food consumption, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.), on okra crop

Ahmad Nawaz,Habib Ali,Muhammad Sufyan,Muhammad Dildar Gogi,Muhammad Jalal Arif,Abid Ali,Muhammad Qasim,Waqar Islam,Noman Ali,Imran Bodla,Madiha Zaynab,Khalid Ali Khan,Hamed A. Ghramh 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.1

The lepidopteran insect pests have significant importance in vegetable production. The present study was performed to investigate the baseline studies about the assessment of feeding and consumption potential, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) on Okra. The data regarding feeding potential, food utilization and consumption indices as well as losses of different larval instars were recorded and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. The results showed that, in the beginning, the approximate digestibility of various instars was increase, e.g. third instar (51.36%–64.03%), fourth instar (63.42%–69.45%) and fifth instar (70.25%–76.10%). However, after a certain period, the digestibility was decreased and efficiency to convert the ingested food into biomass varied significantly. The consumption index values increased with an increase in time but the consumption and growth rate was declined of fourth instar larvae. The ingestion and digestion increased of third (10.01–13.06, 8.32–11.91 mg), fourth (11.27–17.28, 10.96–14.03 mg) and fifth (12.60–19.40, 11.93–15.28 mg) larval instars. The corrected weight of consumed leaves increased with a gain in body weight. However, in the third instar, a decline was observed on the last day of feeding. Maximum leaf area was consumed by fifth instar larvae (44.66 cm 2 ) followed by fourth (35.41 cm 2 ) and third (27.98 cm 2 ) instars. In conclusion, all the dependent parameters, including food utilization potential, consumption indices and losses were higher for fifth instar larvae than others. These results emphasized the re-establishment of fundamental (economic threshold level: ETL, economic injury level: EIL) integrated pest management concepts.

More Generalized fuzzy subsemigroups/ideals in semigroups

Muhammad Sajjad Ali Khan,Saleem Abdullah,전영비,Khaista Rahman 호남수학회 2017 호남수학학술지 Vol.39 No.4

The main motivation of this article is to generalized the concept of fuzzy ideals, $(\alpha ,\beta )$-fuzzy ideals, $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k})$-fuzzy ideals of semigroups. By using the concept of $q_{K}^{\delta }$% -quasi-coincident of a fuzzy point with a fuzzy set, we introduce the notions of $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k}^{\delta })$-fuzzy left ideal, $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k}^{\delta })$-fuzzy right ideal of a semigroup. Special sets, so called $Q_{k}^{\delta }$-set and $\left[ \lambda _{k}^{\delta }\right] _{t}$-set, condition for the $Q_{k}^{\delta }$-set and $\left[ \lambda _{k}^{\delta }\right] _{t}$-set to be left (resp. right) ideals are considered. We finally characterize different classes of semigroups (regular, left weakly regular, right weakly regular) in term of $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k}^{\delta })$-fuzzy left ideal, $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k}^{\delta })$% -fuzzy right ideal and $(\in ,\in \vee q_{k}^{\delta })$-fuzzy ideal of semigroup $S$.

Polynomial Equation in Radicals

Khan, Muhammad Ali,Aslam, Muhammad Department of Mathematics 2008 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.48 No.4

Necessary and sufficient conditions for a radical class of rings to satisfy the polynomial equation $\rho$(R[x]) = ($\rho$(R))[x] have been investigated. The interrelationsh of polynomial equation, Amitsur property and polynomial extensibility is given. It has been shown that complete analogy of R.E. Propes result for radicals of matrix rings is not possible for polynomial rings.

Anthropogenic impact on the distribution of the birds in the tropical thorn forest, Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Altaf,Arshad Javid,Abdul Majid Khan,M.S.H. Khan,Muhammad Umair,Zulfiqar Ali 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.2

The present research was conducted to assess the anthropogenic impacts on avian diversity around the river Chenab, Pakistan. The avian diversity was recorded on different landscapes along the river Chenab, that is, forest, agricultural, rural, and urban habitats. The data on diversity and distribution of various avian species were collected through linear count along with direct count methods viz. personal observations and sound records and indirect count methods viz. presences of carcasses and meeting with local communities. The habitat preferences of birds varied significantly. A decline in avian diversity was observed from forest habitat to urban landscapes. One year of bird surveys compiled a total of 150 species from all habitats along the river Chenab. Computed statistical data show that Shannon's index provides a quantitative report of diversity which was highest at forest habitat (4.261) followed by rural forest habitat (3.746), agri–rural habitat (3.746), agriculture habitat (3.623), WLH (2.723), urban vegetative habitat (3.215), and very least at urban nonvegetative habitat (2.247). It can be concluded from the present study that many of the avian species have specific habitats and also noted that corridors and connections among different landscapes are important for the conservation of avian diversity.

Impact of energy efficiency improvement on greenhouse gas in off-season tomato farming: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan

Ali, Qamar,Khan, Muhammad T.I.,Khan, Muhammad N.I. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in energy research Vol.5 No.3

Energy consumption in agriculture is responsible for greenhouse gas emission but it can be reduced after efficient utilization of energy inputs. Therefore, the present study aims for the estimation of energy efficiency and extent of greenhouse gas reduction after benchmarking of inefficient farms in off-season tomato in Punjab province of Pakistan. Primary data were collected from 70 farmers with simple random sampling. By using data envelopment analysis, the average value of technical, pure technical and scale efficiency was 0.80, 0.92 and 0.87, respectively while increasing, constant and decreasing return to scale was observed in 33, 26 and 11 farmers, respectively. Total input energy was reduced by $12,688.91MJ\;ha^{-1}$ (13.89%) if inefficient farms used the energy inputs according to recommendations or benchmarking. A major portion of energy saving comes from fertilizers (68.79%) followed by diesel (15.70%), chemicals (5.91%), machinery (4.37%) and water (4.00%). Total greenhouse gases reduction was $499.17kg\;CO_2\;eq.ha^{-1}$ (14.57%) as a result of improvement in energy efficiency or benchmarking of inefficient farms. Agricultural extension staff should visit the vegetable farms on regular basis and give necessary information about efficient utilization of energy inputs. The government should create awareness about the optimum use of input through seminars and pamphlets.

Traditional and cultural uses of medicinal plant species in the flora of Kuz Abakhel, for the treatment of various ailments

Muhammad Noor,Uddin Nisar,Khan Muhammad Khalil Ullah,Umer Muhammad,Ali Niaz,Ullah Shariat 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.3

The rural and cultural life style of indigenous people of Kuz Abakhel is urging them in touch to folk medicines for treatment of various ailments. Seventy-four plant species were documented that were used by the local people for the treatment of different ailments. These plants were commonly used as an ethno medicine against 49 major different disorders, out of which most commonly happened were; Anemia Anesthetics, unconsciousness, Anoxia etc. The principal medicinal plants with maximum used values were Aesculus indica (Wall.ex Comb) Hook.f (0.998), Ajuga bracteosa (0.996). RFC values; the maximum quoted medicinal plant species by the indigenous drivers are A. indica (RFCs = 0.999), A. bracteosa (0.996), Ajuga niponsis (0.994), Allium cepa (0.993) whereas maximum respondents %age was observed for the same plant species examined through consensus index, the (CI% = 90.84%) was for Aesculus indica and A. bracteosa. The medicinal plant species A. indica mentioned 100% for hepatitis. The diseases like. Anemia, Anesthetics and unconsciousness, Anoxia, Anti-dandruff, Antispasmodic, Arthritis, Body coldness and sexual tonic, Eye disease, Gonorrhea, Infertility, Mouth ulcer, Myiasis, Nerve tonic, Pain killer, Refrigerant, Rheumatism, Septicemia, Throat pain, Toothache, had highest FIC value due to depiction by only a single plant taxa/specie (Nt = 1). The current study exposed the significance to compose and offer a list of all the possible plants that are used in folk and ethnic medicinal practices against various ailments in the unexplored area of Kuz Abakhel and to demonstrate the important medicinal plants for future phytochemical and pharmacological research.

헬스 및 웰니스 플랫폼

Muhammad Bilal Amin,Wajahat Ali Khan,Bilal Ali Rizvi,방재훈(Jaehun Bang),Taqdir Ali,허태호(Taeho Hur),Shujaat Hussain,Imran Ali,김도형(Dohyeong Kim),이승룡(Sungyoung Lee) 한국정보과학회 2017 정보과학회지 Vol.35 No.7

Whole-exome sequencing analysis reveals co-segregation of a COL20A1 missense mutation in a Pakistani family with striate palmoplantar keratoderma

Muhammad Ismail Khan,최소연,Muhammad Zahid,Habib Ahmad,Roshan Ali,Musharraf Jelani,강창수 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.7

Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) is a rare group of excessive skin disorder characterized by thickness over the palms and soles. The striate palmoplantar keratoderma (PPKS) is a form in which hyperkeratotic lesions are restricted to the pressure regions extending longitudinally in the length of each finger to the palm. Dominantly inherited mutations in genes including desmoglein 1, desmoplakin and keratin 1 have been suggested as genetic causes of PPKS. In this study, we investigated a three-generation Pakistani family segregating PPKS phenotype in autosomal dominant fashion to identify genetic cause in this family. We have performed whole-exome and Sanger sequencing followed by in silico bioinformatics analysis to pinpoint candidate mutation associated with PPK. Revealed a novel heterozygous mutation (NM_020882.2, COL20A1 c. 392C > G; p.Ser131Cys) in the loop region close to fibronectin type III-1 domain of the c ollagen 20 α1. This variant was not found in our in-house 219 ethnically matched Pakistani unaffected controls and showed minor allele frequency of 3.4 × 10−5 in Exome Aggregation Consortium database containing exome data of 59,464 worldwide individuals. It was assigned as “pathogenic” by in silico prediction tools. Previously, association of mutation in the COL14A1, one of the paralogous gene of COL20A1, with PPK was reported in the study with a Chinese family. Our study proposes COL20A1 gene as another potential candidate gene for PPKS which expand the spectrum of collagen proteins in the pathogenicity of PPK.

Object-oriented and ontology-alignment patterns-based expressive Mediation Bridge Ontology (MBO)

Khan, Wajahat Ali,Amin, Muhammad Bilal,Khattak, Asad Masood,Hussain, Maqbool,Afzal, Muhammad,Lee, Sungyoung,Kim, Eun Soo SAGE Publications 2015 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE Vol.41 No.3

<P>The Semantic Web is dependent on extensive knowledge management by interlinking resources on the web using matching techniques. This role is played by the progressing domain of ontology matching, by introducing ontology-matching tools. The focus of these matching tools is limited to matching techniques and automation, rather than expressive formal representation of alignments. We propose Mediation Bridge Ontology (MBO), an expressive alignment representation ontology used to store correspondences between matching ontologies matched by our ontology-matching tool, System for Parallel Heterogeneity Resolution (SPHeRe). The MBO utilizes object-oriented design patterns and the proposed ontology-alignment design patterns to provide extendibility and reusability factors to SPHeRe system. We compared our proposed system with existing systems using Coupling Factor, Number of Polymorphic methods and Rate of Change metrics to support extendibility and reusability. These factors contribute to the overall objective of interoperability for knowledge management in the Semantic Web.</P>