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        Resolution Dependence of Scanning Near Field Optical Microscopy on Probe Sample Distance

        Lydia Alvarez,Mufei Xiao 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1

        In scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) a probe tip scans the sample surface in nanometric distances. In such short distances, the probe tip interacts mainly with the evanescent field where diffraction is exempted. Therefore, SNOM may obtain resolution much beyond the diffraction Abbe-Rayleigh limit. In SNOM, one of the most critical parameters is the probe-sample distance. Specifically, the resolution of the microscope varies dramatically with distance. In the present work, we have studied numerically the resolution dependence of collecting mode SNOM on the probe-sample distance. The calculations were based on the direct moment method (DMM). Our attention was concentrated particularly on the influence of the probe-sample distance to the resolution; the distance between probe and sample has proved to be critical. In the calculations the probe tip was modeled as a sub-wavelength aperture in a perfectly conducting wall attached to a lossless step-index cylindrical dielectric waveguide. Within the above framework, we are able to discuss the resolution dependence on the probe-sample distance, as well as its relation to other parameters such as permittivity of the core and cladding, core radius and aperture radius.

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        Upconversion Fluorescence and Its Thermometric Sensitivity of Er3+:Yb3+ Co-Doped SrF2 Powders Prepared by Combustion Synthesis

        Nikifor Rakov,Glauco S. Maciel,Mufei Xiao 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.5

        Upconversion fluorescence of co-doped Er3+:Yb3+:SrF2 powders prepared by combustion synthesis was investigated under near-infrared (λ = 980 nm) continuous wave laser excitation. Surface morphology of the samples and structures of the Er3+:Yb3+:SrF2 powders were studied with scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray, and x-ray powder diffraction. The spectrum of the fluorescence contains bands centered at ~410, ~522, ~545 and ~660 nm, corresponding respectively to transitions from upper levels 2H9/2, 2H11/2, 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 to the ground state 4I15/2, which can be identified as 4f-4f transitions from Er3+ excited states. In addition, the fluorescence is found sensitive to the temperature, which suggests that an optical temperature sensor would be feasible. The maximum sensitivity of the proposed sensor was found 0.00396 K−1.

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