Growth inhibitory effects of obovatol through induction of apoptotic cell death in prostate and colon cancer by blocking of NF-κB

Lee, S.Y.,Yuk, D.Y.,Song, H.S.,Yoon, D.Y.,Jung, J.K.,Moon, D.C.,Lee, B.S.,Hong, J.T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2008 european journal of pharmacology Vol.582 No.1

Biphenolic components in Magnolia obovata including magnolol and honokiol have shown several pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Previously in cultured macrophage Raw264.7 cells and fibroblast, we found that obovatol, an active compound isolated from M. obovata inhibited NF-κB activity which has been known to be a significant transcriptional factor to control of cancer cell growth. We investigated here whether obovatol could inhibit NF-κB activity, and thereby inhibit cancer cell growth in prostate (LNCaP and PC-3) and colon cancer (SW620 and HCT116) cells. Treatment of obovatol (10, 15, 20, 25 μM) inhibits cancer cell growth in the absence or the presence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α , 10 ng/ml) and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA 10 or 50 nM) in a concentration-dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death. Cytotoxic activity was not observed in normal cells with up to 50 μM obovatol. It was also found that obovatol inhibited TNF-α and TPA-induced transcriptional and DNA binding activities of NF-κB. In further study, obovatol decreased translocation p65 and p50 into nucleus via decrease of phosphorylation of IκB. Correlated well with the induction of apoptosis, obovatol increased the expression of the apoptotic genes; Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, whereas inhibited expression of anti-apoptotic genes; Bcl-2, inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP-1) and X chromosome IAP (XIAP) as well as the cell proliferation marker genes; Cox-2, c-Fos, c-Jun and cyclin D1. These results suggest that obovatol inhibits prostate and colon cancer cell growth via induction of apoptotic cell death, and that inhibition of NF-κB may be a significant as its action mechanism.

Caspase-3 activation as a key factor for HBx-transformed cell death

Kim, A.,Kwon, O. S.,Kim, S. O.,He, L.,Bae, E. Y.,Lee, M. S.,Jeong, S. J.,Shim, J. H.,Yoon, D. Y.,Kim, C. H.,Moon, A.,Kim, K. E.,Ahn, J. S.,Kim, B. Y. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Cell proliferation Vol.41 No.5

<P>Abstract. </P><P><I>Objectives</I>: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-&kgr;B) activation has been associated with the tumorigenic growth of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-transformed cells. This study was aimed to find a key target for treatment of HBx-mediated cancers. <I>Materials and methods</I>: NF-&kgr;B activation, endoplasmic reticulum-stress (ER-stress), caspase-3 activation, and cell proliferation were evaluated after Chang/HBx cells permanently expressing HBx viral protein were treated with inhibitors of NF-&kgr;B, proteasome and DNA topoisomerase. <I>Results</I>: Inhibition of NF-&kgr;B transcriptional activity by transient transfection with mutant plasmids encoding Akt1 and glycogen synthase kinase-3&bgr; (GSK-3&bgr;), or by treatment with chemical inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002, showed little effect on the survival of Chang/HBx cells. Furthermore, I&kgr;Bα (S32/36A) mutant plasmid or other NF-&kgr;B inhibitors, 1-pyrrolidinecarbonidithioic acid and sulphasalazine, were also shown to have little effect on the cell proliferation. By contrast, proteasome inhibitor-1 (Pro1) and MG132 enhanced the HBx-induced ER-stress response and the subsequent activation of caspase-12, -9 and -3 and reduced cell proliferation. Camptothecin (CPT), however, triggered activation of caspase-3 without induction of caspase-12, and reduced cell proliferation. In addition, CPT-induced cell death was reversed by pre-treatment with z-DEVD, a caspase-3-specific inhibitor. <I>Conclusions</I>: Detailed exploitation of the regulators of caspase-3 activation could open the gate for finding an efficient target for development of anticancer therapeutics against HBx-transformed hepatocellular carcinoma.</P>

심혈관질환의 위험인자로서의 endothelial nitric oxide synthase의 SNP 연구

윤수인,문제성,신철,박현영,이정복,조인호 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Effects of heat treatment on in situ ruminal and intestinal degradabilities of dry matter in three animal by-product feeds

Moon, Y. H.,Kim, B. K.,Oh, Y. G.,Kim, G. H. 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2006 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.19 No.-

The objective was to know the effects of heat treatment for dry matter (DM) of three animal by-product feeds(feather meal, tallow meal, viscera meal) on in situ ruminal degradation characteristics and gastro-intestinal availability. Three ruminally and duodenally cannulated dry Holstein cows were fed the diet containing 40% concentrate and 60% orchard grass hay on a dry matter basis. Animal by-product feeds were processed for 4 hr at 149℃ in a forced-air oven, and were ground to pass through a 1-mm screen. Control and heat treated feedstuffs were estimated the DM degradabilities in the rumen and intestine using mobile nylon bag technique. Effective DM degradability in the rumen at passage rate (k=0.05) for untreated-feather meal, untreated-tallow meal and untreated-viscera meal were 37.59, 69.27 and 58.40%, respectively. With heat application feather meal and viscera meal increased to 55.56% and 66.93% in effective ruminal DM degradability, respectively, but tallow meal decreased to 64.64%. Gastrointestinal DM disappearance significantly (P<0.01) decreased with heat application except of tallow meal. Total digestive tract DM disappearance rate was above 90% except of feather meal (85.3%), but that of feather meal significantly (P<0.01) increased with heat application. Apparent intestinal availability of undegradable DM(based on 16 h rumen incubation) was 75.36% for untreated-feather meal, 68.62% for untreated-tallow meal and 82.92% for untreated-viscera meal, and heat application resulted in improve to 74.81% for tallow meal, but lowered to 72.06% for feather meal and to 76.50% for viscera meal (P<0.01).

Enhanced strength and ductility in particulate-reinforced aluminum matrix composites fabricated by flake powder metallurgy

Kai, X.Z.,Li, Z.Q.,Fan, G.L.,Guo, Q.,Xiong, D.B.,Zhang, W.L.,Su, Y.S.,Lu, W.J.,Moon, W.J.,Zhang, D. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.587 No.-

Reinforcement agglomeration always leads to severe stress concentration and porosity, which is detrimental to the deformation ability and mechanical properties of particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites. In this study, uniform distribution of 32vol%B<SUB>4</SUB>C has been achieved in B<SUB>4</SUB>C/Al composite by means of flake powder metallurgy (Flake PM), in which flake Al powder is used as the starting material. The flake Al powder exhibits higher apparent volume than spherical powders of the same mass, and thus can provide more space to accommodate the B<SUB>4</SUB>C particles. Therefore, compared with conventional PM, Flake PM can lead to more uniform distribution of B<SUB>4</SUB>C particles in the composite powder as well as in the consolidated composite. Meanwhile, the flake Al powder has a nano skin of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, which could be fractured and dispersed inside the fine matrix grains during consolidation, and were found to induce a higher normalized strain hardening rate for the composite during deformation. As a result, the Flake PM 32vol%B<SUB>4</SUB>C/Al composite exhibits an ultimate tensile strength of 305MPa and a uniform elongation of 6.6%, 63% stronger and 13% more ductile than its counterpart fabricated by conventional PM.

Tailoring metal-oxide interfaces of oxide-encapsulated Pt/silica hybrid nanocatalysts with enhanced thermal stability

Moon, S.Y.,Naik, B.,Jung, C.H.,Qadir, K.,Park, J.Y. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 CATALYSIS TODAY - Vol.265 No.-

<P>We report the fabrication of metal-oxide (m-oxide) hybrid nanocatalysts with oxide encapsulation (Pt/SiO2@m-oxide; m-oxide =TiO2, Nb2O5, Ta2O5, CeO2) using a simple surface-modification chemical process. The synthesized m-oxide hybrid nanocatalysts with oxide encapsulation have two advantages: tailoring the metal-support interaction and achieving higher thermal and chemical stability. Briefly, Pt nanoparticles (NPs) capped with polyvinylpyrrolidone were successfully assembled on functionalized SiO2 via electrostatic interactions, and then an ultrathin layer of m-oxide was coated on the surface. Transmission electron microscopy studies confirmed that the Pt NPs were uniformly dispersed and distributed throughout the surface of the SiO2 with a thin layer of m-oxide. In particular, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy line mapping was employed to ensure the presence of a uniformly coated thin oxide layer of constituent elements. The metal NPs were found well exposed to the outer surface, enabling surface characterization, including chemisorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Even after calcination at 600 degrees C, the structure and morphology of the hybrid nanocatalysts remained intact, confirming high thermal stability. We investigated the effect of different types of m-oxide coating, an active support material, on the performance of catalytic activity for CO oxidation for the Pt/SiO2@m-oxide hybrid nanocatalysts with well-exposed Pt nanoparticles. We carried out CO oxidation over the hybrid nanocatalysts and found that metal-oxide interfaces play important roles that influence catalytic activity. Designing such metal-oxide hybrid structures with thin oxide encapsulation represents a critical step in the advancement of model catalytic systems for investigating the metal-support interaction with improved thermal stability. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Purification and characterization of a novel fibrinolytic α chymotrypsin like serine metalloprotease from the edible mushroom, Lyophyllum shimeji

Moon, S.M.,Kim, J.S.,Kim, H.J.,Choi, M.S.,Park, B.R.,Kim, S.G.,Ahn, H.,Chun, H.S.,Shin, Y.K.,Kim, J.J.,Kim, D.K.,Lee, S.Y.,Seo, Y.W.,Kim, Y.H.,Kim, C.S. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan ; 2014 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.117 No.5

A novel fibrinolytic enzyme was purified from Lyophyllum shimeji, a popular edible mushroom in Asia. The enzyme was purified using combination of anion exchange chromatography on a Mono Q 5/5 column and size exclusion gel filtration chromatography on Superdex 200 100/300 column. This purification protocol resulted 80.9-fold purification of the enzyme and a final yield of 5.7%. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 21 kDa by SDS-PAGE and size exclusion gel filtration. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was found to be ITFQSASP, which is dissimilar from that of known fibrinolytic enzymes. The purified enzyme was a neutral protease with an optimal reaction pH and temperature of 8.0 and 37<SUP>o</SUP>C, respectively. Enzymatic activity was inhibited by Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> and Co<SUP>2+</SUP>. It was also significantly inhibited by PMSF and TPCK. Furthermore, it was found to exhibit a higher specificity for S-7388, a well-known chymotrypsin chromogenic substrate, indicating chymotrypsin like serine metalloprotease. The relative fibrinolytic activity of 5 μg purified enzyme have two fold more activity than 1 unit/ml of plasmin on fibrin plate. Furthermore, purified enzyme preferentially hydrolyzed the Aα-chain followed by the Bβ- and γ-chain of fibrinogen, which is precursor of fibrin. Therefore, these data suggests that the fibrinolytic enzyme derived from edible mushroom, L. shimeji, might be useful for thrombolytic therapy and preventing thrombotic disease.

Dental restorative composites containing 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane derivatives and spiro orthocarbonates

Moon, E.J.,Lee, J.Y.,Kim, C.K.,Cho, B.H. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2005 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Vol.b73 No.2

<P>Various dental restorative composite resins containing 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane (Bis-GMA) derivatives and spiro orthocarbonates (SOCs) were explored for minimizing the volumetric shrinkage that generally occurs during polymerization. Previous reports suggested mixing Bis-GMA with its derivative TMBis-GMA (2,2-bis[3,5-dimethyl-4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane) to obtain a dental composite with low volumetric shrinkage. It was hypothesized that spiro orthocarbonates would expand volumetrically during polymerization, because of their sophisticated ring-opening reactions; therefore several of them were added to the mixture of Bis-GMA and TMBis-GMA to bring about further reductions in volumetric shrinkage. It was indeed possible to reduce the extent of volumetric shrinkage of dental composites containing SOCs, and to do so without compromising these resins' mechanical properties. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater</P>

SOL-GEL COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Y3Al5012:Eu3+ PHOSPHORS

Jung, Y.R.,Yang, H.K.,Moon, B.K.,Choi, B.C.,Jeong, J.H.,Kim, J.H.,Bae, J.S.,Jeong, E.D. WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING 2010 SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS Vol.17 No.1

Cloning and functional characterization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB from olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Kong, H.J.,Moon, J.H.,Moon, J.Y.,Kim, J.M.,Nam, B.H.,Kim, Y.O.,Kim, W.J.,Lee, S.J. Academic Press 2011 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.30 No.1

NF-κB is a master transcription factor found in almost all cell types that responds to diverse cellular stimuli by activating the expression of stress response genes, including immune-related genes. cDNA encoding the p65 subunit of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) NF-κB (Po-p65) was isolated through an EST analysis of an olive flounder cDNA library, a screen of BAC library, and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA for Po-p65 encodes a polypeptide 626 amino acids in length containing a well-conserved Rel-homology domain (RHD). The primary sequence of Po-p65 showed strong homology with p65 from perch and zebrafish (82.7 and 64.4%, respectively), and shared 43.4-42.1% homology with p65 from other species, including mammals, while the N-terminal RHD of Po-p65 showed strong identity (95.6-67.8%) with that of other species. Po-p65 mRNA expression was detected in all flounder tissues examined. The over-expression of full-length Po-p65 (Po-p65f), but not of a Po-p65 C-terminus deletion mutant (Po-p65ΔC), stimulated κB element-driven reporter (κB-luc) activity in a dose-dependent manner and regulated the expression of p65 target genes, including TNF-α and IκB-α, in HINAE olive flounder cells. Po-p65f translocated to the nucleus following stimulation with poly I:C in HINAE cells. Together, these results suggest that Po-p65 is evolutionarily and functionally conserved in flounder and mammals and may provide clues to the detailed molecular mechanism(s) underlying immune response regulation in flounder.