Patterns of Impaired Neurocognitive Performance on the Global Neuropsychological Assessment, and Their Brain Structural Correlates in Recent-onset and Chronic Schizophrenia

Vineeth Mohan(Vineeth Mohan ),Pravesh Parekh(Pravesh Parekh ),Ammu Lukose(Ammu Lukose ),Sydney Moirangthem(Sydney Moirangthem ),Jitender Saini(Jitender Saini ),David J. Schretlen(David J. Schretlen ) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

Objective: Schizophrenia is associated with impairment in multiple cognitive domains. There is a paucity of research on the effect of prolonged illness duration (≥ 15 years) on cognitive performance along multiple domains. In this pilot study, we used the Global Neuropsychological Assessment (GNA), a brief cognitive battery, to explore the patterns of cognitive impairment in recent-onset (≤ 2 years) compared to chronic schizophrenia (≥ 15 years), and correlate cognitive performance with brain morphometry in patients and healthy adults. Methods: We assessed cognitive performance in patients with recent-onset (n = 17, illness duration ≤ 2 years) and chronic schizophrenia (n = 14, duration ≥ 15 years), and healthy adults (n = 16) using the GNA and examined correlations between cognitive scores and gray matter volumes computed from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging images. Results: We observed cognitive deficits affecting multiple domains in the schizophrenia samples. Selectively greater impairment of perceptual comparison speed was found in adults with chronic schizophrenia (p = 0.009, η2 partial = 0.25). In the full sample (n = 47), perceptual comparison speed correlated significantly with gray matter volumes in the anterior and medial temporal lobes (TFCE, FWE p < 0.01). Conclusion: Along with generalized deficit across multiple cognitive domains, selectively greater impairment of perceptual comparison speed appears to characterize chronic schizophrenia. This pattern might indicate an accelerated or premature cognitive aging. Anterior-medial temporal gray matter volumes especially of the left hemisphere might underlie the impairment noted in this domain in schizophrenia.

Effect of inducible co-overexpression of protein disulfide isomerase and endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase on the specific antibody productivity of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells

Mohan, Chaya,Lee, Gyun Min Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.107 No.2

<P>To enhance specific antibody (Ab) productivity (q<SUB>Ab</SUB>) of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cells, post-translational limitations in the endoplasmic reticulum during antibody production should be relieved. Previously, we reported that overexpression of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), which catalyzes disulfide bond exchanges and assists in protein folding of newly synthesized proteins, enhanced q<SUB>Ab</SUB> of rCHO cells by about 27% (Mohan et al., 2007, Biotechnol Bioeng 98:611–615) . Since the rate limiting step in disulfide bond formation is found to be the regeneration of oxidized PDI, the oxidation state of PDI, as well as the amount of PDI, might be important. Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase (ERO1L) maintains PDI in an oxidized state so that disulfide bond formation occurs. Here, PDI and its helper protein, ERO1L were overexpressed in rCHO cells producing an Ab in an attempt to ease the bottleneck in disulfide bond formation, and hence, Ab folding and secretion. Transient expression of ERO1L alone and with PDI resulted in enhanced q<SUB>Ab</SUB> by 37% and 55%, respectively. In contrast, under stable inducible co-overexpression of PDI and ERO1L, the q<SUB>Ab</SUB> was unaffected or negatively affected by varying degrees, depending on the individual expression levels of these genes. In stable clones with altered oxidation state of PDI due to co-overexpression of PDI and ERO1L, secretion of Ab was hindered and PDI-associated retention of Ab was seen in the cells. Under transient gene expression, secretion of Ab was not compromised. The data presented here suggests a possible mechanism of PDI/ERO1L interaction with the target Ab and shows how the expression levels of these proteins could affect the q<SUB>Ab</SUB> of this Ab-producing rCHO cell line. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 337–346. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

Quantum Sensing Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications during 1991-2020

Brij Mohan Gupta,Surinder Mohan Dhawan,Ghouse Modin Mamdapur 건국대학교 GLOCAL(글로컬)캠퍼스 지식콘텐츠연구소 2022 International Journal of Knowledge Content Develop Vol.12 No.3

The study presents a global research scenario in the domain of quantum sensing in quantitative and qualitative terms. The study is based on an analysis of 588 global publications in the field, sourced from the Scopus database for the period 1991-2020. The study identified key countries, organizations and authors, network collaborative linkages at national, institutional, and author level. In addition, it identified broad subject areas intersecting quantum sensing research, key journals for research communications, and broad characteristics of highly-cited papers. The study finds that the USA and Germany lead the world ranking in quantum sensing research with a combined share of 50% to the global output. The USA, Germany, and Italy are the home countries to 13 of the top 15 most productive organizations, and also the home countries to 14 of the top 15 most productive authors in the subject. The top journals publishing most research publications are Physical Review A, Physical Review Letters and New Journal of Physics. However, in the most cited journals list in the subject, Agriculture & Forest Meterology, Science and Physical Review A tops the list.

The role of rectal diclofenac and aggressive hydration with Ringer's lactate in preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in high-risk patients

Sharma Vivek Mohan,Mathur Amit,Goyal Mohan Babu,Jat Shankar Lal 소화기인터벤션의학회 2023 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.12 No.2

Background: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is a common complication of therapeutic endoscopy. The aim of this trial was to determine whether a combination of rectal diclofenac and vigorous hydration with Ringer’s lactate is superior to the correspond-ing individual treatments for preventing PEP in high-risk patients. Methods: This randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted from August 2020 to January 2022. We included patients who were at high risk of developing PEP. Three intervention groups were made: group A, diclofenac sodium suppository (100 mg); group B, aggressive hydration with Ringer’s lactate; group C, a combination of diclofenac and aggressive hydration. PEP was defined as a serum amylase level > 3 times the upper limit of normal with epigastric pain within 24 hours after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Results: A total of 144 patients were included and 48 cases were randomized to each intervention group. The incidence of PEP was 8.3%, 10.4%, and 8.3% in groups A, B, and C, respectively. A personal history of alcohol consumption and more than one pancreatic duct guidewire cannulation were significantly associated with the development of PEP.Conclusion: No difference in the incidence of PEP was observed with or without the use of aggressive hydration. Combining aggressive hydration with a rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for preventing PEP cannot be recommended.

Vowel Context Effect on the Perception of Stop Consonants in Malayalam and Its Role in Determining Syllable Frequency

Mohan Dhanya,Maruthy Sandeep 대한청각학회 2021 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.25 No.3

Background and Objectives: The study investigated vowel context effects on the perception of stop consonants in Malayalam. It also probed into the role of vowel context effects in determining the frequency of occurrence of various consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in Malayalam.Subjects and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional pre-experimental post-test only research design on 30 individuals with normal hearing, who were native speakers of Malayalam. The stimuli included three stop consonants, each spoken in three different vowel contexts. The resultant nine syllables were presented in original form and five gating conditions. The consonant recognition in different vowel contexts of the participants was assessed. The frequency of occurrence of the nine target syllables in the spoken corpus of Malayalam was also systematically derived.Results: The consonant recognition score was better in the /u/ vowel context compared with /i/ and /a/ contexts. The frequency of occurrence of the target syllables derived from the spoken corpus of Malayalam showed that the three stop consonants occurred more frequently with the vowel /a/ compared with /u/ and /i/.Conclusions: The findings show a definite vowel context effect on the perception of the Malayalam stop consonants. This context effect observed is different from that in other languages. Stop consonants are perceived better in the context of /u/ compared with the /a/ and /i/ contexts. Furthermore, the vowel context effects do not appear to determine the frequency of occurrence of different CV syllables in Malayalam.

Fabrication of monoclinic-Cu₂SnS₃ (M-CTS) thin films for photovoltaic applications

Mohan Reddy Pallavolu,Vasudeva Reddy Minnam Reddy,Chinho Park 한국에너지학회 2019 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2019 No.10

In-Process Measurement of Surface Roughness using Machine Vision with Sub-Pixel Edge Detection in Finish Turning

Mohan Kumar Balasundaram,Mani Maran Ratnam 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Common methods of in-process surface roughness measurement are capable of providing a limited number of amplitude parametersfor roughness assessment. This is mainly due to the averaging effect of the sensors used. In this work, we measured the amplitude,spacing, hybrid as well as functional surface roughness parameters during dry turning of AISI 1035 carbon steel using machinevision. A commercial DSLR camera with high shutter speed was used to capture a blur-free image of the workpiece surface profilediametrically opposite the cutting tool. The edge of the surface profile was detected to sub-pixel accuracy using the grey level invariantmoment and the roughness parameters were determined from the profile. The tool nose wear and machining time were correlated withamplitude, hybrid, and spacing surface roughness parameters, as well as the bearing area curve parameters. Three new roughnessparameters, namely average slope of profile peaks (Φp), average slope of profile valleys (Φv), relative length of peaks (Rrl), wereintroduced to study the effect of changes in tool nose micro geometry due to wear on the surface roughness. Among these newparameters Φp and Rrl showed better correlation with machining time and nose wear compared to all other parameters.

The Australia-U.S.-China Triangular Relationship

Mohan Malik 한국국방연구원 2006 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.15 No.4

Mineral magnetic properties of ultisol profiles from tropical southern India

Mohan Reethu,Kizhur Sandeep,Joju G. Sebastian,Anish K. Warrier,Geetha H. Aravind,Abdul K. Rafaz,Jithin Jose,Radhakrishnan Akshay,Vadakkath V. Suhaiba 한국지질과학협의회 2023 Geosciences Journal Vol.27 No.5

The magnetic grain size, mineralogy and concentration of five ultisol sequences (lateritic soil profiles) developed on different parent rocks (syenite, dolerite, charnockite, gneiss and sandstone) in southwestern India were investigated to gain a better understanding of the pedogenic processes under tropical climate. Field investigations reveal the presence of various horizons in the lateritic profiles, such as saprolite, saprock, pallid zone, mottled zone, pebble horizon and top soil. These horizons exhibit differences in their mineral magnetic, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic (FTIR), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopic (redness %, amplitudes of goethite (AGt) and haematite (AHm)) and particle size properties. Magnetic susceptibility (χlf) values of the ultisol profiles varies from 5.8 to 2858.7 × 10−8m3kg−1, whereas percentage frequency dependent susceptibility (χfd %) ranges between 0.15% and 14.0%. The FTIR spectra reveal the presence of minerals like haematite, goethite, kaolinite and quartz. The upper horizons (top-soil and pebble horizon) are marked by magnetic enhancement by ultra-fine grained superparamagnetic (SP) minerals with low coercivity, most likely magnetite/maghemite. Whereas, the lower horizons (saprock, saprolite, pallid zone horizons) exhibit no magnetic enhancement and are characterized by antiferromagnetic minerals, e.g., haematite/goethite. The unweathered parent rock is characterized by low coercivity minerals of coarser magnetic grain size with a little to no superparamagnetic (SP) grains. However, the magnitude of enhancement of fine grained ferrimagnetic grains in the top soil in relation to bottom horizons varies among the five lateritic profiles. The degree of enhancement and production of the fine-grained superparamagnetic grains in topsoil decreases in the order charnockite > syenite > sandstone > gneiss > dolerite. Because the doleritic parent rock exhibits a high initial Fe concentration, it is difficult to ascertain the degree of pedogenesis, due to a strong lithogenic signature, which decreases towards the profile top. The tropical soils in the region have undergone a higher degree of pedogenesis with increased magnetic mineral concentration compared to temperate soils. However, magnetic grain size appears to be the same in both soil types. The magnetic enhancement in the topsoil may be due to the neoformation of fine-grained SP magnetite, aided by sufficient Fe supply, alternate wetting and drying cycles, dehydration, oxidation and redox conditions.

Microsurgical Approach for Root Coverage of Receding Gingiva in the Esthetic Zone

Mohan, Ranjana,Jain, Rohit The Korean Society for Microsurgery 2013 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.22 No.2

Facial esthetics and smiling are key components in nonverbal communication and have an important role in determination of the first impression of a person. The various components of the smile in dental esthetics include Gingival scaffold, lip framework, and Teeth. The periodontist creates a smile by performing various periodontal plastic microsurgery procedures for management of mucogingival problems. A 25-year-old patient reported to the Department of Periodontology at Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Northern India, with the chief complaint of long looking teeth in the upper jaw, making him conscious while smiling. Miller class I gingival recession with Maxillary left canine (23) was diagnosed. Periodontal plastic microsurgery employing double papilla grafting with connective tissue graft harvested from the palate in order to cover denuded root was performed using microsurgical instruments and microsuturing with 6-0 suturing material under magnification. Healing was uneventful, with achievement of 100% root coverage of denuded root after three months. The patient was highly impressed and satisfied with his enhanced smile.