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An Optimal Analysis of Korean Copula
Mira Oh 한국음운론학회 1998 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.4 No.-
Oh, Mira. 1998. An Optimal Analysis of Korean Copula. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 4, 175-187. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that Optimality Theory provides a better account for the various alternations exhibited by Korean copula than a sequence of separate phonological rules. The OT analysis crucially relies on the morphological and prosodic structure of Korean copula. This paper argues that Korean copula is a clitic morphologically and an affixal clitic prosodically. (Yeojoo Institute of Technology)
The Production of Stops by Seoul and Yanbian Korean Speakers
Oh, Mira,Yang Hui 한국음성학회 2013 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.5 No.4
This study investigates dialectal differences in the acoustic properties of Korean lenis, aspirated, and tense stops Seoul Korean (standard Korean) and Yanbian Korean (spoken in the largest Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China). This production study the main acoustic cues that each dialect uses to mark the laryngeal distinction between the three types of Korean stops. Measurements included VOT, and the initial F0 of the following vowel. Data collected from 10 young Seoul Korean speakers, 10 young Yanbian Korean speakers, and 6 older Yanbian speakers. two key findings: First, aspirated and lenis stops are mainly differentiated by F0 in Seoul Korean, and by H1*-H2* in Yanbian Korean. Second, there is no VOT merger between lenis and aspirated stops in Yanbian Korean, whereas there is in Seoul Korean. These results are discussed in terms of the phenomenon of VOT shift and the function of F0t is argued that the function of F0 to substitute for VOT difference as a primary cue for the coding of laryngeal contrast can be predicted by the pitch accent system of the language involved.
A phonetic duration-based analysis of vowel epenthesis: English postvocalic word-final stops
Mira Oh(오미라),Hyung-Sun Kim(김형선) 한국음운론학회 2006 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.12 No.2
Kang (2003) argues that vowel epenthesis results from enhancement of perceptual similarity based on phonetic, phonological and morphophonemic constraints in Korean. She argues that vowel epenthesis reflects the degree of release, voicing, and the place of articulation of stops. On the other hand, Broselow and Park’s (1995) mora-based analysis is based on vowel tenseness. They attribute vowel epenthesis to a way to preserve one of the two morae of a tense vowel. In this paper, we argue against these previous analyses for vowel epenthesis.<BR> We will propose the phonetic duration-based analysis for vowel epenthesis in English loanword adaptation in Korean. Three claims will be made in this paper. Firstly, vowel epenthesis occurs after a postvocalic word-final stop if the pre-final vowel is long. Secondly, vowel length includes both phonemic and subphonemic duration. Thirdly, the phonetic duration-based analysis argues for the phonetic approach (Steriade 2001; Silverman 1992) as opposed to the phonological approach(Lacharit? and Paradis 2002, 2005) in loan adaptation.
Outcome of Early Initiation of Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients with End-Stage Renal Failure
Oh, Kook-Hwan,Hwang, Young-Hwan,Cho, Jung-Hwa,Kim, Mira,Ju, Kyung Don,Joo, Kwon Wook,Kim, Dong Ki,Kim, Yon Su,Ahn, Curie,Oh, Yun Kyu The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2012 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.27 No.2
<P>Recent studies reported that early initiation of hemodialysis may increase mortality. However, studies that assessed the influence of early initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) yielded controversial results. In the present study, we evaluated the prognosis of early initiation of PD on the various outcomes of end stage renal failure patients by using propensity-score matching methods. Incident PD patients (n = 491) who started PD at SNU Hospital were enrolled. The patients were divided into 'early starters (n = 244)' and 'late starters (n = 247)' on the basis of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at the start of dialysis. The calculated propensity-score was used for one-to-one matching. After propensity-score-based matching (n = 136, for each group), no significant differences were observed in terms of all-cause mortality (<I>P</I> = 0.17), technique failure (<I>P</I> = 0.62), cardiovascular event (<I>P</I> = 0.96) and composite event (<I>P</I> = 0.86) between the early and late starters. Stratification analysis in the propensity-score quartiles (n = 491) exhibited no trend toward better or poorer survival in terms of all-cause mortality. In conclusion, early commencement of PD does not reduce the mortality risk and other outcomes. Although the recent guidelines suggest that initiation of dialysis at higher eGFR, physicians should not determine the time to initiate PD therapy simply rely on the eGFR alone.</P>
( Mira Choi ),( Jang Hee Oh ),( Min Kyeong Shin ),( Se Rah Lee ),( Dong Hun Lee ),( Seon Pil Jin ),( Soyun Cho ),( Jin Ho Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: Recent study has indicated that expression of ABO blood group (ABH) antigens are reduced in the sun exposed skin, suggesting that ABH antigens may be implicated in photoaging process. Objectives: To investigate the potential effects of ABH antigen synthesis-increasing molecules on the extracellular matrix protein production in human skin, which are mixtures of 5 natural plant extracts (Camellia sinensis leaf extract, Polygonum cuspidatum root extract, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract, Cynara scolymus leaf extract, Selaginellatamariscina extract) and 5 monosaccharides (D-Glucose, D-Galactose, L-fucose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine). Methods: Effects of one-time topical application with composition TYPE I (5 natural plant extracts) and TYPE II (5 monosaccharides) to the human buttock skin (n=6) and 24-week application with TYPE III (all of the ingredients) to the facial skin (n=22 for each) on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expressions, wrinkle, and elasticity were determined by immunohistochemistry, Skin Viosiometer, and Cutometer. Results: One-time application of TYPE I and II increased perlecan and fibrillin-1 staining, respectively. 24-week application of TYPE III showed no significantimprovement of wrinkle and elasticity. However, it increased procollagen 1メ, tropoelastin, and fibrillin-1staining. Conclusion: These results suggest that these ingredients may help ECM protein production in human skin by long-term application for anti-aging cosmetic products.
Duration modulation in Korean stops: nonlocal similarity avoidance vs. timing regulation
Mira Oh,Dahee Kim,Hijo Kang 한국음운론학회 2020 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.26 No.1
This study examines the duration modulation of C 1 VC 2 V sequences in Korean. We conducted two production experiments to test the effect of nonlo cal stops on durations of segments. In Experiment 1, Seoul and Gwangju Korean speakers recorded C 1 aC 1 ata and C 1 alata (C 1 = lenis, aspirated, and tense stops) sequences. The results showed that C 1 VOT of aspirated stops was significantly shorter before another aspirated stop as in Mongolian (Svantesson and Karlsson but that neither F0 nor H2 H1 were affected. The follow up experiment, in which the types of stimuli were increased, provided two more findings. First, the trigger of shortening is ‘long VO T’ rather than the laryngeal feature [asp]. As well as the C 1 aspirated stop, the C 1 lenis stop shortened the VOT of the C 2 aspirated stop. Second, the shortening effect is bidirectional. Not only C 2 long VOT shortened C 1 VOT, but also C 1 long VOT shortene d C 2 VOT. This cannot be accounted for by segmental OCP or gradient dissimilation because the effect is purely phonetic and the two stops do not become more different. We argue that the data is explained by an isochrony tendency which modulates long periods of segments. In addition, we adopted a V to V interval to account for the duration modulation beyond syllables.
An Acoustic Comparison of Korean Coronal Fricatives in the Seoul and Yanbian Korean Dialects
Mira Oh,Hui Yang 한국중원언어학회 2015 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.34
This study was intended 1) to investigate acoustic realizations of the fortis /s’/ and non-fortis /s/ in Seoul and Yanbian Korean and 2) to explore how a two-way phonemic contrast, /s/ and /s’/, can be compared with a three-way laryngeal contrast of Korean stops in each dialect. Korean fricatives from 10 Seoul and 10 Yanbian Korean speakers were analyzed in terms of fricative duration, center of gravity, F0, H1-H2 and duration of adjacent vowels. This study generated five interesting findings: First, the fortis /s’/ mainly differs from the non-fortis /s/ in frication duration in Seoul Korean. Second, H1-H2 plays a systematic role in differentiating the non-fortis /s/ from the fortis /s’/ in Yanbian Korean. Third, in Yanbian Korean, center of gravity of the non-fortis /s/ is higher than fortis /s’/. Fourth, in Seoul Korean, the fortis /s’/ patterns with tense obstruents, whereas its counterpart /s/ exhibits the phonetic characteristics of lenis and aspirated obstruents. Finally, in Yanbian Korean, the fortis /s’/ shows the properties similar to lenis and tense obstruents, while the non-fortis /s/ demonstrates a comparable pattern as lenis and aspirated obstruents.