Hippo-Foxa2 signaling pathway plays a role in peripheral lung maturation and surfactant homeostasis

Chung, Chaeuk,Kim, Tackhoon,Kim, Miju,Kim, Minchul,Song, Hoogeun,Kim, Tae-Shin,Seo, Eunjeong,Lee, Sang-Hee,Kim, Hanbyul,Kim, Sang Kyum,Yoo, Geon,Lee, Da-Hye,Hwang, Deog-Su,Kinashi, Tatsuo,Kim, Jin-Man National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.19

<P>Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is induced by insufficient production of surfactant, is the leading cause of mortality in preterm babies. Although several transcription factors are known to be involved in surfactant protein expression, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways upstream of these transcription factors have remained elusive. Here, using mammalian Hippo kinases (Mst1/2, mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2) conditional knockout mice, we demonstrate that Mst1/2 kinases are critical for orchestration of transcription factors involved in surfactant protein homeostasis and prevention of RDS. Mice lacking Mst1/2 in the respiratory epithelium exhibited perinatal mortality with respiratory failure and their lungs contained fewer type I pneumocytes and more immature type II pneumocytes lacking microvilli, lamellar bodies, and surfactant protein expression, pointing to peripheral lung immaturity and RDS. In contrast to previous findings of YAP (Yes-associated protein)-mediated canonical Hippo signaling in the liver and intestine, loss of Mst1/2 kinases induced the defects in pneumocyte differentiation independently of YAP hyperactivity. We instead found that Mst1/2 kinases stabilized and phosphorylated the transcription factor Foxa2 (forkhead box A2), which regulates pneumocyte maturation and surfactant protein expression. Taken together, our results suggest that the mammalian Hippo kinases play crucial roles in surfactant homeostasis and coordination of peripheral lung differentiation through regulation of Foxa2 rather than of YAP.</P>

Profiling of transcripts and proteins modulated by the E7 oncogene in the lung tissue of E7-Tg mice by the omics approach.

Kim, Eunjin,Kang, Jeongwoo,Cho, Minchul,Lee, Sojung,Seo, Eunhee,Choi, Heesook,Kim, Yumi,Kim, Junghee,Kang, Kum Yong,Kim, Kwang Pyo,Han, Jaeyong,Sheen, Yhunyhong,Yum, Young Na,Park, Sue-Nie,Yoon, Do-Yo D. A. Spandidos 2009 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.2 No.1

<P>The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papilloma virus (HPV) type 16 have been known to cooperatively induce the immortalization and transformation of primary keratinocytes. We established an E7 transgenic mouse model to screen HPV-related biomakers using the omics approach. The methods used to identify HPV-modulated factors were genomics analysis by microarray using the Affymetrix 430 2.0 array to screen E7-modulated genes, and proteomics analysis using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS to screen E7-modulated proteins with the lung tissue of E7 transgenic mice. According to omics data, cyclin B1, cyclin E2, topoisomerase IIα, calnexin, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule CD166, actinin α1, diaphorase 1, gelsolin, platelet glycoprotein, and annexin A2 and A4 were up-regulated in the E7-Tg mice, while proteoglycan 4, sarcolipin, titin, vimentin, drep 1, troponin and cofilin-1 were down-regulated. We further confirmed the significance of differences between the expression levels of the selected factors in E7-Tg and non-Tg mice by real-time PCR. Genes related to cancer cell adhesion, cell cycle and migration, proliferation and apoptosis, as well as to the intermediate filament network and to endoplasmic reticulum proteins, were selected. Taken together, the results suggest that the E7 oncogene modulates the expression levels of cell cycle-related (cyclin B1, cyclin E2) and cell adhesion- and migration-related (actinin α1, CD166) factors, which may play important roles in cellular transformation in cancer. In addition, the solubilization of the rigid intermediate filament network by specific proteolysis mediated via up-regulating gelsolin and down-regulating cofilin-1, as well as increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum protein calnexin with chaperone functions, might also be involved in E7-lung epithelial cells.</P>

스마트 랩을 위한 출결관리 시스템

김민철(Kim, Minchul),김지환(Kim, Jihwan),김자희(Kim, Ja-Hee),이길흥(Lee, Kilhung) 한국IT서비스학회 2015 한국IT서비스학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.추계

본 시스템은 스마트 랩을 위한 출결관리 시스템으로, NFC(Near Field Communication,근거리 무선통신)를 이용하여 출결을 등록하고 실시간이나 PC나 모바일 웹브라우저를 통해 출결을 확인할 수 있는 시스템이다. 관리자는 그룹을 지정하고 출결을 등록할 사용자는 그룹에 가입하여 학생증 카드에 등록된 고유의 태그값을 이용하여 사용자를 식별하며, 실시 간으로 출입을 등록하고, 월별 통계와 관리페이지에서는 웹캠을 이용하여 랩실의 상황을 실시간으로 확인 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이해관계자들의 설문과 구조적 인터뷰를 통해 요구사항을 도출하고 소프트웨어요구사항서에는 앞서 추출한 요구사항을 바탕으로 기능을 도출한다. 소프트웨어설계명세서에는 UML을 이용하여 작상한다.

Anticancer Activity of Periplanetasin-5, an Antimicrobial Peptide from the Cockroach Periplaneta americana

( In-woo Kim ),( Ra-yeong Choi ),( Joon Ha Lee ),( Minchul Seo ),( Hwa Jeong Lee ),( Mi-ae Kim ),( Seong Hyun Kim ),( Iksoo Kim ),( Jae Sam Hwang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.10

Cockroaches live in places where various pathogens exist and thus are more likely to use antimicrobial compounds to defend against pathogen intrusions. We previously performed an in silico analysis of the Periplaneta americana transcriptome and detected periplanetasin-5 using an in silico antimicrobial peptide prediction method. In this study, we investigated whether periplanetasin-5 has anticancer activity against the human leukemia cell line K562. Cell growth and survival of K562 cells treated with periplanetasin-5 were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. By using flow cytometric analysis, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and DNA fragmentation, we found that periplanetasin-5 induced apoptotic and necrotic cell death in leukemia cells. In addition, these events were associated with increased levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Fas and cytochrome c and reduced levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Periplanetasin-5 induces the cleavage of pro-caspase-9, pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The above data suggest that periplanetasin-5 induces apoptosis via both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Moreover, caspase-related apoptosis was further confirmed by using the caspase inhibitor carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]- fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-FMK), which reversed the periplanetasin-5-induced reduction in cell viability. In conclusion, periplanetasin-5 caused apoptosis in leukemia cells, suggesting its potential utility as an anticancer therapeutic agent.

탈지 전, 후 아메리카왕거저리(Zophobas atratus) 유충의 영양성분 및 유해물질 비교분석

김선영(Sun Young Kim),김홍근(Hong Geun Kim),고현진(Hyeon-Jin Ko),김미애(Mi Ae Kim),김인우(In Woo Kim),서민철(Minchul Seo),이준하(Joon Ha Lee),이화정(Hwa Jeong Lee),백민희(Minhee Baek),황재삼(Jae Sam Hwang),윤형주(Hyung Joo Yoon) 한국생명과학회 2019 생명과학회지 Vol.29 No.12

아메리카왕거저리를 식용곤충으로 활용하고자 식용 적정시기와 탈지 전, 후 유충의 영양성분 등을 비교분석하였다. 아메리카왕거저리의 식용 적정시기 조사결과, 10령이 16령보다 일반성분이 우수하고 사육과 경제적 면에서도 유리하였다. 또한, 분말제조의 문제점을 해결하고자 탈지 전, 후 유충의 영양성분을 비교분석한 결과, 일반성분 중 건조 중량 기준 조단백질 함량이 가장 많았으며, 탈지 후 유충(60.6%)이 탈지 전 유충(52.3%)보다 1.2배 더 많았다. 조지방은 탈지 후 유충 21.7%, 탈지 전 유충에서 36.3%로 1.7배 적었다. 필수아미노산 중 로이신의 함량이 가장 많았으며, 탈지 후 유충(4.5%)이 탈지 전 유충(3.5%)보다 1.3배 더 많았다. 비필수아미노산에 속하는 글루탐산 역시 탈지 후 유충(7.8%)이 탈지 전 유충(6.2%)보다 1.6% 더 많았다. 불포화지방산 중에서 가장 많은 함량을 가진 올레산은 탈지 후 유충(31.7%)이 탈지 전 유충(33.2%)보다 1.1배 적었다. 다량무기질 중 함량이 가장 많았던 칼륨 또한 탈지 후 유충(1267.0 mg/100 g)이 탈지 전 유충(879.3 mg/100 g)보다 약 1.4배 많았다. 미량무기질 중에서는 아연의 함량이 가장 많았고, 이 또한 탈지 후 유충(12.3 mg/100 g)이 탈지 전 유충(10.8 mg/100 g)보다 1.1배 많았다. 위의 주요 영양성분 분석 결과로 볼 때, 탈지 후 유충이 탈지 전 유충보다 더 우수한 것으로 판단된다. 탈지전, 후 유충의 유해물질 분석 결과, 중금속인 납, 비소, 카드뮴은 탈지 후 유충이 탈지 전 유충보다 1.3-2.0배 낮게 미량 검출되었고, 수은은 탈지 전, 후 유충에서 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 병원성 미생물인 대장균과 살모넬라균은 역시 탈지 전, 후 유충에서 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 결론적으로 위의 영양성분 및 유해물질 등의 결과로 볼 때, 탈지 아메리카왕거저리 유충이 탈지 전 유충보다 식용으로 활용하기에 더 적합할 것으로 판단된다. The nutritional composition and optimal eating stage of the super mealworm, Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae), were investigated to explore its use as a food ingredient. It was determined that 10<SUP>th</SUP> instar larvae were most suitable for eating in terms of nutritional value as well as economic aspects. To improve the quality of powder production, the nutritional value of 10<SUP>th</SUP> instar larvae before and after degreasing was analyzed. After drying the larvae powder, crude protein was the most abundant nutrient both before (52.3%) and after (60.6%) degreasing while crude fat measured 36.3% and 21.7% before and after degreasing, respectively. In terms of essential amino acids, leucine levels were highest and 1.3 times greater after degreasing (4.5%) than before (3.5%). Oleic acid, the highest unsaturated fatty acid in larvae, was 31.7% after degreasing which was 1.1 times higher than before (33.2%). Among various major minerals, potassium was most abundant and 1.4 times higher after degreasing (1267.0 mg/100 g) than before (879.3 mg/100 g). Harmful substances were 1.3 to 2.0 times lower in the degreased larvae, although mercury or pathogenic bacteria were not detected in either group. We therefore conclude that degreased Z. atratus larvae are more suitable for eating than before degreasing.

Information-theoretic privacy in federated submodel learning

Minchul Kim,Jungwoo Lee 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.3

We consider information-theoretic privacy in federated submodel learning, where a global server has multiple submodels. Compared to the privacy considered in the conventional federated submodel learning where secure aggregation is adopted for ensuring privacy, information-theoretic privacy provides the stronger protection on submodel selection by the local machine. We propose an achievable scheme that partially adopts the conventional private information retrieval (PIR) scheme that achieves the minimum amount of download. With respect to computation and communication overhead, we compare the achievable scheme with a naïve approach for federated submodel learning with information-theoretic privacy.

Genomic Tandem Quadruplication is Associated with Ketoconazole Resistance in Malassezia pachydermatis

( Minchul Kim ),( Yong-joon Cho ),( Minji Park ),( Yoojeong Choi ),( Sun Young Hwang ),( Won Hee Jung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.11

Malassezia pachydermatis is a commensal yeast found on the skin of dogs. However, M. pachydermatis is also considered an opportunistic pathogen and is associated with various canine skin diseases including otitis externa and atopic dermatitis, which usually require treatment using an azole antifungal drug, such as ketoconazole. In this study, we isolated a ketoconazole-resistant strain of M. pachydermatis, designated “KCTC 27587,” from the external ear canal of a dog with otitis externa and analyzed its resistance mechanism. To understand the mechanism underlying ketoconazole resistance of the clinical isolate M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587, the whole genome of the yeast was sequenced using the PacBio platform and was compared with M. pachydermatis type strain CBS 1879. We found that a ~84-kb region in chromosome 4 of M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587 was tandemly quadruplicated. The quadruplicated region contains 52 protein coding genes, including the homologs of ERG4 and ERG11, whose overexpression is known to be associated with azole resistance. Our data suggest that the quadruplication of the ~84-kb region may be the cause of the ketoconazole resistance in M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587.

A Study on the Hydrogen Economic Law for the Realization of Hydrogen Society in Korea

Kim, Minchul(김민철),Yoon, Soon-Uk(윤순욱),Kim, Hyeon Min(김현민) 숭실대학교 법학연구소 2020 法學論叢 Vol.46 No.-

한국 정부는 수소 자동차와 연료 전지를 중심으로 한 수소 경제사회를 지향한다. 이 연구의 목적은 2019년 1월 발표된 수소 경제 로드맵을 지원하기 위한 더 나은 입법의 방향을 제공하는 것이다. 수소차와 연료전지 기술에 강점을 가진 한국은 수소 산업이 세계의 이목을 끌고 있는 와중에 한국의 수소 경제관련 입법 동향은 수출, 투자, 관련 산업집단의 공동연구 등 국제협력을 위해서도 중요하다. 한국의 경우 수소경제법, 수소산업진흥법, 수소안전법 등이 모두 국회에 계류돼 있다. 또한 법적 근거 없이 수소차 공급과 충전 인프라 사업이 여러 기관 사이에 분산돼 있어 체계적인 대응이 어려웠다. 그 외에도 입법 미비로 인한 애로점을 극복하기 위하여 수소통합경제법을 제정해 수소경제사회에 대한 체계적인 대응을 할 필요성이 느껴진다. 연구결과, 비교법적으로 일본의 경우 장기적 관점의 수소경제 발전을 위한 법안이 있고, 미국은 민간부문까지 수소정책에 협력할 여지를 두고 있다. 영국의 경우에도 수소사회의 실현을 가속화하고 다양한 이해관계자의 의견을 수렴하는 제도적 장치가 있었다. 현재 국회 계류중이거나 논의 중인 한국 사회의 수소관련 법제 중 수소산업발전법의 경우, ‘기후변화대응기본계획’과도 더욱 밀접히 연계되어야 한다는 결론을 얻었다. 즉, 현재 국가 핵심정책인 수소산업 육성을 위해 에너지 기본계획과 기후변화계획을 함께 검토해야 한다. 또한 수소안전관리사업법은 수소경제에서 가장 중요한 법률이다. 수소에 관한 안전기준이 있어야 한다. 현재의 법안에는 모든 수소 관련 시설이 포함되어 있지 않다는 문제점이 있다. 수소를 고압으로 제조, 충전, 보관하는 시설은 “고압가스안전관리법”에 따라 기준을 준수하도록 되어 있다. 수소를 저압으로 제조, 충전, 저장, 판매 또는 사용하는 시설에는 안전기준이 불충분하다는 문제점도 시정되어야 한다. 또한 수소를 직접 사용하는 연료전지에 대해서는 안전기준이 제공되지 않았다. 수소연료의 안전관리 및 사업법은 공공의 안전을 확보하여 수소의 공급과 이용을 촉진하기 위해 제정되었다고 이러한 현실적인 안전 문제에 대한 대처 기준 등이 강화되어야 할 것이다. 또 수소경제 지속을 위한 체계적인 연구개발 지원도 요원하다. 수소 R&D 사업 중 한국이 투자를 통해 효과적일 수 있는 기술 분야를 뽑아 집중 육성하는 것도 필요하다. 미국과의 안전관리 노하우에도 기술 교류와 협력이 필요하다. 이와 함께 미국의 수소 및 연료전지 관련 행위에 대한 연구와 벤치마킹도 필요할 것이다. 이러한 다양한 정책적 노력과 법적 근거확립은 수소사회의 실현에 일익이 될 것이다. The South Korean government aims for a hydrogen economy society focusing on hydrogen-powered cars and fuel cells. The purpose of this study is to provide directions for better legislation to support the hydrogen economy roadmap. South Korea"s hydrogen industry, which has strengths in hydrogen car and fuel cell technology, draws the attention of the world. Korean legislative trends are also important to other countries for international cooperation, including export, investment, and joint research of related industrial groups. A roadmap to revitalize the hydrogen economy was announced in January 2019. The Act on the Hydrogen Economy, the Act on the Promotion of Hydrogen Industries, and the Act on the Safety of Hydrogen are all pending in the National Assembly. It was difficult to take a systematic response because projects for hydrogen car supply and charging infrastructure were distributed among several agencies. The purpose of legislation is desirable for a systematic response to the hydrogen economy society by enacting the Integrated Hydrogen Economic Act. The Korean government includes hydrogen in the category of climate change technologies. Therefore, the Act on Development of Hydrogen Industries should also be linked to the "Basic Plan for Climate Change Response". In other words, the basic energy plan and climate change plan should be considered together in order to foster the hydrogen industry, which is currently one of the key national policies. The Hydrogen Safety Management and Business Act is the most important law in the hydrogen economy. There should also be safety standards regarding hydrogen. The current bills do not contain all hydrogen-related facilities. Facilities that manufacture, charge, and store hydrogen at high pressure are required to comply with standards in accordance with the “High Pressure Gas Safety Management Act.” Safety standards are insufficient for facilities that manufacture, charge, store, sell, or use hydrogen at low pressure. In addition, safety standards were not provided for fuel cells which use hydrogen directly. The Safety Management and Business Act of Hydrogen Fuel was designed to promote the supply and utilization of hydrogen by securing public safety. In addition, systematic support for R&D is also needed for the continuation of the hydrogen economy. Of the hydrogen R&D projects, it is also necessary for South Korea to draw out technical areas that can be effective through investment and to foster them intensively. It will also need technological exchanges and cooperation in safety management know-how with the United States. In particular, research and benchmarking on the hydrogen and fuel cell-related acts of the US will also be needed.

Joint Relay Selection and Relay Ordering for DF-Based Cooperative Relay Networks

MinChul Ju,Il-Min Kim,Dong In Kim IEEE 2012 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.60 No.4

<P>Relay selection (RS) has widely been studied for both decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) protocols, and relay ordering (RO) was recently proposed for the AF protocol only . The two strategies, RS and RO, have been individually shown to be very effective to enhance the performance of cooperative relay networks. In this letter, we first discuss the fundamental difference of the two schemes and investigate an important tradeoff in terms of spectral efficiency and energy efficiency between RS and RO. Specifically, RS is more spectrally efficient, whereas RO can be more efficient in energy consumption. Then we demonstrate that indeed RS and RO generally have different outage performance and may complement each other depending on channel conditions. To optimize the outage performance, therefore, we combine the two strategies, RS and RO, and we propose joint RS-RO, followed by exact outage probability derivation of the joint RS-RO in closed-form. Finally, we obtain some interesting insights into the issue of selecting efficient transmission schemes between RS and RO.</P>

Fatigue life prediction of multiple site damage based on probabilistic equivalent initial flaw model

Kim, JungHoon,Zi, Goangseup,Van, Son-Nguyen,Jeong, MinChul,Kong, JungSik,Kim, Minsung Techno-Press 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.38 No.4

The loss of strength in a structure as a result of cyclic loads over a period of life time is an important phenomenon for the life-cycle analysis. Service loads are accentuated at the areas of stress concentration, mainly at the connection of components. Structural components unavoidably are affected by defects such as surface scratches, surface roughness and weld defects of random sizes, which usually occur during the manufacturing and handling process. These defects are shown to have an important effect on the fatigue life of the structural components by promoting crack initiation sites. The value of equivalent initial flaw size (EIFS) is calculated by using the back extrapolation technique and the Paris law of fatigue crack growth from results of fatigue tests. We try to analyze the effect of EIFS distribution in a multiple site damage (MSD) specimen by using the extended finite element method (XFEM). For the analysis, fatigue tests were conducted on the centrally-cracked specimens and MSD specimens.