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        Study of the Oral Discomfort and Oral Habits in Halitosis Patient

        Toshiyuki Shimizu,Mie Tashiro,Michael W. Myers,Kohji Takahashi,Shun-Ichi Honda 대한예방치과학회 2012 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.8 No.1

        Objective: Purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between oral discomfort, oral habits and halitosis. Methods: One hundred and forty patients with halitosis (age range, 13 to 65 years; 93 women, 47 men) who had visited Shimizu dental clinic from October 2003 to August 2008 were compared with a control group who did not have complaints about halitosis (n=56). Oral discomfort (such as sensation of dry mouth and discomfort of the tongue), the amount of saliva secretion, and oral habits (such as bruxism) were analyzed statistically between the halitosis and control group. To compare the halitosis patients with the control group, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for the analysis of the salivary amount, and a chi-Square test was used for the analysis of oral discomfort and oral habits. Results: Frequency of oral discomfort mouth sensation was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in the halitosis patients (63.5%) than in the control group (10.7%). The occurrence of oral habit was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the halitosis patients (63.6%) than in the control group (37.5%). There was a significant difference (p=0.0009) between the halitosis patients (mean: 1.28 ml) and control group (mean: 1.43 ml) in the amount of unstimulated saliva secretion. For the amount of stimulated saliva secretion, there was no significant difference (p=0.2248) between the halitosis patients (mean: 3.40 ml) and control group (mean: 3.76 ml). Conclusion: These results suggest that the presence of oral discomfort and oral habits, such as bruxism, were associated with halitosis.

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        The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release

        ,ris, Isabelle,Petitjean, Patrick,Aubourg, É,ric,Myers, Adam D.,Streblyanska, Alina,Lyke, Brad W.,Anderson, Scott F.,Armengaud, É,ric,Bautista, Julian,Blanton, Michael R.,Blomqvist, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.613 No.-

        <P>We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities <I>M</I>i [<I>z</I> = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with <I>H</I>0 = 70 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>−1</SUP>, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg<SUP>2</SUP> (2044 deg<SUP>2</SUP> having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (<I>u</I>, <I>g</I>, <I>r</I>, <I>i</I>, <I>z</I>) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610-10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < <I>R</I> < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.</P>

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