Silage preparation and fermentation quality of natural grasses treated with lactic acid bacteria and cellulase in meadow steppe and typical steppe

Meiling Hou,Ge Gentu,Tingyu Liu,Yushan Jia,Yimin Cai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: In order to improve fermentation quality of natural grasses, their silage preparation and fermentation quality in meadow steppe (MS) and typical steppe (TS) were studied. Methods: The small-scale silages and round bale silages of mixed natural grasses in both steppes were prepared using the commercial lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants Chikuso-1 (CH, Lactobacillus plantarum) and cellulase enzyme (AC, Acremonium cellulase) as additives. Results: MS and TS contained 33 and 9 species of natural grasses, respectively. Stipa baicalensis in MS and Stipa grandi in TS were the dominant grasses with the highest dry matter (DM) yield. The crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber and water-soluble carbohydrate of the mixed natural grasses in both steppes were 8.02% to 9.03%, 66.75% to 69.47%, and 2.02% to 2.20% on a DM basis, respectively. All silages treated with LAB and cellulase were well preserved with lower pH, butyric acid and ammonia-N content, and higher lactic acid and CP content than those of control in four kinds of silages. Compared with CH- or AC-treated silages, the CH+ AC-treated silages had higher lactic acid content. Conclusion: The results confirmed that combination with LAB and cellulase may result in beneficial effects by improving the natural grass silage fermentation in both grasslands.

魯迅雜文的用典原因及方式探析 ― 以『墳』、『華蓋集』和『且介亭雜文』為中心

侯美靈 ( Hou Meiling ) 중국어문학회 2022 中國語文學誌 Vol.- No.79

The author selected “Graveyard”, “Huagai Ji” and “Qiejieting Essays” as representatives of Lu Xun’s early, middle and late essays, and examined the use of allusions through the methods of close reading of the text and statistical analysis. It was found that the early allusions were used the most, with an average of more than 9 per essay, and more than 4 per essay in the middle and later stages. These allusions have spanned more than two thousand years from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, and the scope is extremely wide. Chuang Tzu, the Analects of Confucius, the Records of the Grand Historian, and Mencius are Lu Xun’s four favorite sources of allusions. Lu Xun’s extensive use of allusions in his essays has a profound reason, which is related to the environment in which he grew up and the background of the times he lived in; it is his cross-body attempt to apply the rhetorical techniques of poetics to the creation of essays, and it is also the demand for essay creation. Lu Xun’s argumentation art of essays using allusions is embodied in three aspects. First, use poems and ancient famous sayings to end the full text; second, list many allusions to criticize the unreasonable phenomena of ancient culture and national character; third, in allusions Dissecting others and himself.

鲁迅小说中的反復现象研究 - 以『呐喊』和『彷徨』为例

侯美靈 ( Hou Meiling ) 중국어문학회 2020 中國語文學誌 Vol.0 No.72

This paper takes Lu Xun’s two collections of novels Scream and Wandering as the research object. Through careful reading of the text and statistical methods, the Repetitive phenomenon in the 25 novels included in it is investigated. Lu Xun inherited the traditions of “Three mentions” and “Three repetitive plots” that have been passed down to the present in classical literature, and used them in his novels. There are two main examples of repetition: repetition within a single novel, intertextual repetition across stories, and most of the former. The use of repetitive rhetoric has received at least four effects: The description of a large number of similar social phenomena reflects the social reality from the late Qing Dynasty to the May Fourth Movement, and the theme of the work is often revealed in the hidden imagery mentioned many times. The mantra of the characters has created a lot of classic characters for us, highlighting the usual tragic color in the repeated scene comparison. Therefore, it can be said that the extensive use of repetitive rhetoric is a major feature of Lu Xun’s novels.

중국(中國) ‘고악(姑惡)’ 시(詩) 연구(研究) ― 문화적 배경과 확장의 양상

侯美靈 ( Hou Meiling ),金俊淵 ( Kim Joonyoun ) 중국어문연구회 2020 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.102

In this article, We tried to discuss the cultural background and the expansion of the content of ‘blaming on mother-in-law’ poems from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. In Chinese feudal society, there had always been a three obedience rules and the ideology of “mother-in-law is noble, daughter-in-law is humble”, leading to constant contradictions between them. It is also due to legends such as Jingwei(精衛)filling the sea and women turning out birds after death. Ever since Su Shi(蘇軾) of the Song Dynasty composed the ‘blaming on mother-in-law’ poem based on the folk legend that daughter-in-law was abused by her mother-in-law and turned into a bird after her death, later inheritors imitated it, and created many similar poems. In these processes, ‘blaming on mother-in-law’ poems have expanded in three aspects: on the internal level, the narrative elements had been increased; on the external level, poets paid various attention to the events and made literary acculturation; and in the way of creation, many poets used varied metaphors and allegories. We hoped that through this paper, the process of ‘blaming on mother-in-law’ poems that has emanated social issues beyond the character of simply eccentric material will be reviewed.

東亞視野下的海東青意象研究 ― 以中韓古代海東青詩歌比較研究爲中心

侯美靈 ( Hou Meiling ) 중국어문학회 2022 中國語文學誌 Vol.- No.81

This paper focuses on the comparative study of ancient gyrfalcon poetry in China and Korea, and examines gyrfalcon imagery from the perspective of East Asia. The author compares the general situation of the creation of the gyrfalcon poetry in the two countries, and focuses on the analysis of the differences in the image of the gyrfalcon. In terms of creation scale, China collected 299 poems with 262 titles from 188 poets from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty; South Korea collected 103 poets with 144 titles and 189 poems from Silla to Joseon Dynasty. In terms of the creative team, the emperor, clan, and literati are the major poet, but in China, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty and Zhu Youdun, the clan of the Ming Dynasty, were the main poets. In South Korea, Gao Jingming, a civil servant in the middle period of Joseon Dynasty, Xu Juzheng, in the early period of Joseon Dynasty, and King Sujong in the late Joseon Dynasty, were the main poets. In terms of creative genres, poems with paintings in both countries account for a relatively large proportion, but China mainly focuses on hunting pictures of Liao and Jin people, while South Korea mainly focuses on Li Yan’s black and white gyrfalcons. In terms of the image of gyrfalcon, China mainly uses it as a symbol of peace, the name of hero and vassal state; while South Korea appears as an image of misery, nobleman’s entertainment tool or national heroes. In terms of the use of the image of gyrfalcon, it has become a metaphor for Chinese talents and a term for explaining the truth of Buddhism, while South Korea is a synonym for talents.

Separation and Characterization of Waste Cotton/polyester Blend Fabric with Hydrothermal Method

Wensheng Hou,Chen Ling,Sheng Shi,Zhifeng Yan,Meiling Zhang,Bonan Zhang,Jinming Dai 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.4

In the study, a good separation efficiency of waste cotton/polyester blended fabrics (WBFs) was achieved, with dilute hydrochloric acid as the catalyst under hydrothermal conditions. The morphology and structure of the hydrothermal products including solid and liquid products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-performance liquid chromatography techniques and compared to the untreated polyester and cotton. The results show that the cotton fiber decomposed completely while polyester still retained its fiber characteristics after 3 h of reaction time at 150 oC and 1.5 wt% dilute hydrochloric acid. The hydrolysis of cellulose resulted in a recovery of 96.24 % of the polyester without significant change in its properties; 48.21 % of cellulose powder can be further used as the raw material of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and 15.57 % of glucose.

Changes in microbial population and chemical composition of corn stover during field exposure and effects on silage fermentation and in vitro digestibility

Lin Sun,Zhijun Wang,Ge Gentu,Yushan Jia,Meiling Hou,Yimin Cai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.6

Objective: To effectively use corn stover resources as animal feed, the changes in microbial population and chemical composition of corn stover during field exposure, and their silage fermentation and in vitro digestibility were studied. Methods: Corn cultivars (Jintian, Jinnuo, and Xianyu) stovers from 4 random sections of the field were harvested at the preliminary dough stage of maturity on September 2, 2015. The corn stover exposed in the field for 0, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 180 d, and their silages at 60 d of ensiling were used for the analysis of microbial population, chemical composition, fermentation quality, and in vitro digestibility. Data were analyzed with a completely randomized 3×6 [corn stover cultivar (C)×exposure d (D)] factorial treatment design. Analysis of variance was performed using SAS ver. 9.0 software (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Results: Aerobic bacteria were dominant population in fresh corn stover. After ensiling, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) became the dominant bacteria, while other microbes decreased or dropped below the detection level. The crude protein (CP) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) for fresh stover were 6.74% to 9.51% and 11.75% to 13.21% on a dry matter basis, respectively. After exposure, the CP and WSC contents decreased greatly. Fresh stover had a relatively low dry matter while high WSC content and LAB counts, producing silage of good quality, but the dry stover did not. Silage fermentation inhibited nutrient loss and improved the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility. Conclusion: The results confirm that fresh corn stover has good ensiling characteristics and that it can produce silage of good quality.

Fluorine-Doped Graphene/Nanosized Carbide-Derived Carbon Composites for High-Performance Supercapacitor

Pengtao Yan,Lei Yan,Sumei Zhao,Zhen Zuo,Xiaoxu Wang,Chenglin Wang,Meiling Hou 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.8

A graphene-based composite with high electrochemical performance for supercapacitor applications is fabricated by introducing nanoscale carbide-derived carbon (NCDC) into the fluorine-doped graphene (FG). The incorporation of fluorine can increase the specific capacitance of graphene by providing more pseudocapacitance, whereas the introduction of NCDC into the FG/NCDC composite offers high specific surface area (SSA) (up to 1317 m2 g -1) and hierarchical pore structure, resulting in an enhanced electric double layer capacitance. Due to the synergistic effect of pseudocapacitance and electric double layer capacitance, the specific capacitance of FG/NCDC composite can reach 321 F g -1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s -1 in aqueous electrolyte. Notably, the specific capacitance of the FG/NCDC composite is very stable during long-term cyclic tests, with no significant degradation after 10,000 cycles. Due to its excellent supercapacitive performance, the FG/NCDC composite can be considered as a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.

The infertile individual analysis based on whole-exome sequencing in chinese multi-ethnic groups

Zhao Qiongzhen,Li Yanqi,Liang Qi,Zhao Jie,Kang Kai,Hou Meiling,Zhang Xin,Du Renqian,Kong Lingyin,Liang Bo,Huang Weidong 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.4

Background Infertility is a common and rapidly growing health issue around the world. The genetic analysis based on the infertile population is crucial for intervention and treatment. Objective To find candidate gene locus led to azoospermia in Chinese multi-ethnic groups and provide theoretical guidance for the diagnosis of genetic diseases to progressively aggravated infertility patients and sterile offspring with ART. Methods The study based on whole-exome sequencing (WES) was presented for genetic characteristic analysis of multi-ethnics and identification of variants related to infertility in Xinjiang area of China. Results The frequency of pathogenic variants showed significant ethnic differences among four main ethnics in Xinjiang. The population structure analysis confirmed that the Hui was close to the Han population, the Kazak was close to the Uygur population, and there are three ancestry components in the four ethnics. In addition, ten candidate variants potentially regulated azoospermia were detected, and KNTC1 (rs7968222: G > T) was chosen to validate the association. Through the analysis in the valid group, the frequency of rs7968222 (G > T) has a significant difference in the azoospermia population (11.76%, 8/68) and normospermia population (4.63%, 35/756) (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the proportion of people with abnormal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the group carrying rs7968222 (G > T) was significantly higher than non-carriers (P < 0.05). Therefore, rs7968222 may regulate spermatogenesis through affecting hormone level. Conclusion Our study establishes the genetics analysis of Northwest China and finds a candidate gene locus KNTC1 (rs7968222: G > T), which is one of the genetic susceptibility factors for male azoospermia.