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Tsung-Hua Lu(Tsung-Hua Lu),Shih-Hsien Lin(Shih-Hsien Lin),Mei Hung Chi(Mei Hung Chi),Ching-Lin Chu(Ching-Lin Chu),Dong-Yu Yang(Dong-Yu Yang),Wei Hung Chang(Wei Hung Chang),Po See Chen(Po See Chen),Yen 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1
Objective: Hypoactivity in the reward system among patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a well-known phenomenon. Whether the activity in the reward pathway is related to harm avoidance, such as in sensitivity to punishment, is unclear. Evidence regarding the potential difference between ADHD patients and controls in terms of this association is scarce. Methods: Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on subjects performing the Iowa gambling test. Fourteen adults with ADHD and 14 controls were enrolled in the study. Results: Harm avoidance was found to be positively correlated with the activities of the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and right insula in individuals with ADHD. A group difference was also confirmed. Conclusion: Understanding the roles of harm avoidance and brain activation during risk tasks is important.
Chi, Guang Fan,Kim, Mi-ra,Kim, Dae-Wook,Jiang, Mei Hua,Son, Youngsook Elsevier 2010 Experimental neurology Vol.222 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In the present study, we found that nestin-expressing spheroid cells derived from multipotent adipose stem cells of subcutaneous fat tissue could efficiently differentiate into Schwann cells (SCs) <I>in vitro</I> based on expression of SC markers such as A2B5, GFAP, O4, p75, S100, Sox10, Krox-20, and L1. The induced SC is engrafted to spinal cord injury lesions and formed a peripheral nervous system (PNS)-type myelin sheath on central nervous system (CNS) axons. PNS-type myelin sheath formation in repaired tissue was confirmed by transplantation of both induced PKH26-labeled SC and induced EGFP-expressing SC generated from EGFP transgenic rats. In addition to direct participation as myelin sheath-forming SC in repaired tissue, the induced SC also expressed several neurotrophic factors, as did native SC, which may suggest an additional role for induced SC in stimulation of endogenous healing responses. Thus, spheroid-forming cells from subcutaneous fat tissue demonstrated rapid and efficient induction into SC, and such cells show therapeutic promise for repair of damage to the CNS and PNS.</P>
Schwann-like cells from human melanocytes and their fate in sciatic nerve injury
Chi, Guang Fan,Kim, Dae-wook,Jiang, Mei Hua,Yoon, Kang Jun,Son, Youngsook Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2011 NEUROREPORT - Vol.22 No.12
We induced human melanocyte dedifferentiation to Schwann cell-like cells in vitro by a combination of forskolin, neuregulin-&bgr;1, neurotrophin-3, platelet-derived growth factor-aa, basic fibroblast growth factor, laminin, and heparin. Cultured human melanocytes constitutively expressed neural cell and melanocyte markers but melanocyte-specific marker, including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and tyrosinase, expression was selectively lost after induction. In the sciatic nerve injury site, the induced cells were engrafted and closely aligned to axons and P0-expressing myelin sheaths, whereas uninduced cells were not colocalized with axons and myelin sheaths and reexpressed melanocyte-specific tyrosinase activity in vivo. Human melanocytes lose their melanocyte phenotype and transdifferentiate into Schwann cells under specific induction conditions and display their Schwann cell phenotype after transplantation to injured sciatic nerve tissue.
Jiang, Mei Hua,Lim, Ji Eun,Chi, Guang Fan,Ahn, Woosung,Zhang, Mingzi,Chung, Eunkyung,Son, Youngsook Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams Wilkin 2013 NEUROREPORT - Vol.24 No.15
Previously, we have reported that substance P (SP) enhanced functional recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) possibly by the anti-inflammatory modulation associated with the induction of M2-type macrophages at the injured lesion. In this study, we explored the cytokine expression profiles and apoptotic cell death in the lesion site of the SCI after an immediate intravenous injection of SP. SP injection increased the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, and IL-10 at day 1 after the SCI approximately by 2-, 9-, and 10-folds when compared with the control SCI, respectively. On the basis of double immunofluorescence staining with IL-10 and CD11b, activated macrophages or microglia expressing IL-10 appeared in the margin of the lesion site at day 1 only after the SP injection. This SP-mediated alteration in the lesion microenvironment was shown to be associated with the lower cell death of neuronal cells at day 1 and oligodendrocytes at day 5 by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, which was also accompanied by a decrease in caspase-3 activation. These findings suggest that SP may reduce the inflammation-induced secondary cell death, possibly through immune modulation at an early stage after the SCI.
Soy Protein Supplementation Reduces Clinical Indices in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
Xi-Mei Zhang,Yun-Bo Zhang,Mei-Hua Chi 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.3
Purpose: Clinical trials have studied the use of soy protein for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MS). The purpose of this study was to outline evidence on the effects of soy protein supplementation on clinical indices in T2D and MS subjects by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to March 2015 for RCTs. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the fixed-and-random-effects model. A total of eleven studies with eleven clinical variables met the inclusion criteria. Results: The meta-analysis showed that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [weighted mean difference (WMD), -0.207; 95% CI, -0.374 to -0.040; p=0.015], fasting serum insulin (FSI) (WMD, -0.292; 95% CI, -0.496 to -0.088; p=0.005), homeostasis model of assessmentfor insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (WMD, -0.346; 95% CI, -0.570 to -0.123; p=0.002), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD, -0.230; 95% CI, -0.441 to -0.019; p=0.033), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD, -0.304; 95% CI, -0.461 to -0.148; p=0.000), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD, -0.386; 95% CI, -0.548 to -0.225; p=0.000), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD, -0.510; 95% CI, -0.722 to -0.299; p=0.000) are significant reduced with soy protein supplementation, compared with a placebo control group, in T2D and MS patients. Furthermore, soy protein supplementation for longer duration (≥6 mo) significantly reducedFPG, LDL-C, and CRP, while that for a shorter duration (<6 mo) significantly reduced FSI and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Soy protein supplementation could be beneficial for FPG, FSI, HOMA-IR, DBP, LDL-C, TC, and CRP control in plasma.
( Guang Fan Chi ),( Mi Ra Kim ),( Dae Wook Kim ),( Mei Hua Jiang ),( Eun Kyung Chung ),( Young Sook Son ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2011 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.8 No.2
Previously, we showed that rat subcutaneous fat tissue comprises of nestin-expressing spheroids, which are efficiently induced to Schwann cells (SCs) in vitro under the inducing condition and display Schwann cell properties in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether induced SCs could be engaged in the repair of the lateral hemisection lesion of the rat spinal cord using PKH26-labeled cells and also tested the feasibility of fibrin glue as a cell delivery vehicle in the blunt gap lesion. At the end of twelve weeks after the transplantation, the lesion site was fully filled with the regenerated tissue, which contained PKH26-labeled cells and P0 expressing cells. Some of PKH26-labeled cells were shown as a hollow tube-like structure, which was co-localized with the P0 antigen. Several types of neurons were also detected in the regenerated tissue. Among them, a few GABAnergic interneuron, CGRP positive neurons, and serotonergic neurons were found at the hemisection lesion site, which were probably infiltrated to the lesion site from the surrounding normal tissue. However, in the control lesion which received fibrin glue only, the majority of lesion site was filled with connective tissue containing numerous fibroblasts and relatively fewer SCs and neurons compared to those in SCs treated group. Thus, the induced SCs delivered with fibrin glue survived at the lesion site in the spinal cord and engaged in the myelin sheath regeneration. Furthermore, SCs along with the fibrin glue, applied as a cell delivery vehicle, seem to provide permissive microenvironment for the active infiltration of host neural and glial cells from the uninjured neighboring tissue.
( Guang Fan Chi ),( Hyeong Won Choi ),( Mei Hua Jiang ),( Dai Wook Kim ),( Eun Kyung Chung ),( Young Sook Son ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2011 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.8 No.2
In this study, we tested whether the subcutaneous tissue and/or dermis retain inherently the spheroid forming cells or those spheroids are induced by the special induction condition and furthermore explored how much distinct or similar to neurospheroid derived from neural stem cells in the hippocampus. Based on immunofluorescence staining, nestin and p75 positive cells were abundant in both skin appendages of subcutaneous tissue and dermal compartment of neonatal rat skin and could generate numerous spheroids upon the incubation with bFGF and EGF containing spheroid inducing medium. Those spheroids were all identical in gene expressions of Twist, Slug, Sox9, Sox2, nestin, p75, and ABCG2. However, spheroids derived from the hippocampus, which were featured by the lack of p75 and fibronectin expression, were quite distinct from those from subcutaneous and dermis tissue. In the spheroid, nestin and p75 were initially expressed only in the central part of the spheroids but later became positive in all cells of the spheroids after two week culture and the cell proliferation was restricted within the spheroid structure. By neural differentiation and Schwann cell differentiation, the spheroid forming cells could be differentiated to β tubulin- III positive neural lineage cell and Sox10, GFAP positive Schwann cells, respectively. Therefore, our findings indicate that the subcutaneous tissue of neonatal rat skin comprised of numerous spheroid forming cells, possibly similar to neural crest derived stem cells and may be an alternative new source of neural and glial cell lineages for peripheral and central nervous system disease or disorders.
The Interaction of Oxytocin and Social Support, Loneliness, and Cortisol Level in Major Depression
Tsung-Yu Tsai,Huai-Hsuan Tseng,Mei Hung Chi,Hui Hua Chang,Cheng-Kuan Wu,Yen Kuang Yang,Po See Chen 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.4
Objective: Loneliness is a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. The present study examined whether the serum oxytocin level would interact with social support and buffers loneliness and hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA)-axis activity in drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Twenty-six patients with MDD (male:female = 3:23; mean age, 45.54 ± 12.97 years) were recruited. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale and self-reported Measurement of Support Function Questionnaire were administered. Serum oxytocin and cortisol levels were assessed using a commercial immunoassay kits. Results: In MDD patients, a negative association was found between degrees of social support and loneliness ( = −0.39, p = 0.04). The interaction between social support and serum oxytocin level was negatively associated with loneliness ( = −0.50, p = 0.017) and serum cortisol level ( = −0.55, p = 0.020) after adjusting for age. Follow-up analyses showed that the association between higher social support and lower loneliness was observed only in the higher-oxytocin group (r = −0.75, p = 0.003) but not in the lower group (r = −0.19, p = 0.53). The significance remained after further adjusting for sex and depression severity. Conclusion: Low oxytocin level is a vulnerability factor for the buffering effect of social support for loneliness and aberrant HPA-axis activity in MDD patients.