Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Necati Uzun(Necati Uzun ),Mehmet Akif Akıncı(Mehmet Akif Akıncı ),Hayrullah Alp(Hayrullah Alp ) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1

Objective: The aim of this case-controlled study is to evaluate chronic inflammation, subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents with ADHD. Methods: A total of 51 medication-free children and adolescents with ADHD and 51 healthy controls were included in this study. K-SADS-PL was used to determine the diagnosis of ADHD and other psychiatric disorders. Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form and the Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale-Revised Short Form severity of ADHD was used to evaluate severity of ADHD. In order to evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis, common carotid intima media thickness (IMT), epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EAT), and periaortic adipose tissue thickness (PAT) were assessed as well as clinical parameters. Results: The IMT (0.037 ± 0.005 cm vs. 0.026 ± 0.003 cm), EAT (0.472 ± 0.076 cm vs. 0.355 ± 0.051 cm), and PAT (0.135 ± 0.016 cm vs. 0.118 ± 0.009 cm) measurements were significantly higher in the ADHD group than in the control group. Additionally, partial correlation analyses revealed that a positive correlation was observed between IMT and EAT, and PAT measurements separately. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that, body mass index (BMI) positively predicted IMT. Also, age and BMI positively predicted the EAT levels of the subjects with ADHD. Conclusion: Our results suggest that children and adolescents with ADHD have a risk for cardiovascular disease. For this reason, subclinical atherosclerosis should be taken into consideration in the follow-up and treatment of ADHD for cardiovascular disease risk.

Analysis of the mechano-bactericidal effects of nanopatterned surfaces on implant-derived bacteria using the FEM

Ecren Uzun Yaylaci,Mehmet Emin Ozdemir,Yilmaz Guvercin,Sevval Ozturk,Murat Yaylaci Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.15 No.6

The killing of bacteria by mechanical forces on nanopatterned surfaces has been defined as a mechano-bactericidal effect. Inspired by nature, this method is a new-generation technology that does not cause toxic effects and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to simulate the mechano-bactericidal effect of nanopatterned surfaces' geometric parameters and material properties against three implant-derived bacterial species. Here, in silico models were developed to explain the interactions between the bacterial cell and the nanopatterned surface. Numerical solutions were performed based on the finite element method. Elastic and creep deformation models of bacterial cells were created. Maximum deformation, maximum stress, maximum strain, as well as mortality of the cells were calculated. The results showed that increasing the peak sharpness and decreasing the width of the nanopatterns increased the maximum deformation, stress, and strain in the walls of the three bacterial cells. The increase in spacing between nanopatterns increased the maximum deformation, stress, and strain in E. coli and P. aeruginosa cell walls it decreased in S. aureus. The decrease in width with the increase in sharpness and spacing increased the mortality of E. coli and P. aeruginosa cells, the same values did not cause mortality in S. aureus cells. In addition, it was determined that using different materials for nanopatterns did not cause a significant change in stress, strain, and deformation. This study will accelerate and promote the production of more efficient mechano-bactericidal implant surfaces by modeling the geometric structures and material properties of nanopatterned surfaces together.

Application of artificial neural networks in the analysis of the continuous contact problem

Ecren Uzun Yaylacı,Erdal Öner,Murat Yaylacı,Mehmet Emin Özdemir,Ahmad Abushattal,Ahmet Birinci 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.84 No.1

This paper investigates the artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the dimensionless parameters for contact pressures and contact lengths under the rigid punch, the initial separation loads, and the initial separation distances of a contact problem. The problem consisted of two elastic infinitely layers (EL) loaded by means of a rigid cylindrical punch and resting on a half-infinite plane (HP). Firstly, the problem was formulated and solved theoretically using the Theory of Elasticity (ET). Secondly, the contact problem was extended based on the ANN. External load, the radius of punch, layer heights, and material properties were created by giving examples of different values used at the training and test stages of ANN. Finally, the accuracy of the trained neural networks for the case was tested using 134 new data, generated via ET solutions to determine the best network model. ANN results were compared with ET results, and well agreements were achieved.

Analyzing the mechano-bactericidal effect of nano-patterned surfaces by finite element method and verification with artificial neural networks

Ecren Uzun Yaylaci,Murat Yaylaci,Mehmet Emin Ozdemir,Merve Terzi,Sevval Ozturk Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.15 No.2

The study investigated the effect of geometric structures of nano-patterned surfaces, such as peak sharpness, height, width, aspect ratio, and spacing, on mechano-bactericidal properties. Here, in silico models were developed to explain surface interactions with Escherichia coli. Numerical solutions were performed based on the finite element method and verified by the artificial neural network method. An E. coli cell adhered to the nano surface formed elastic and creep deformation models, and the cells' maximum deformation, maximum stress, and maximum strain were calculated. The results determined that the increase in peak sharpness, aspect ratio, and spacing values increased the maximum deformation, maximum stress, and maximum strain on E. coli cell. In addition, the results showed that FEM and ANN methods were in good agreement with each other. This study proved that the geometrical structures of nano-patterned surfaces have an important role in the mechano-bactericidal effect.

Serum Levels of High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Drug-naïve First-episode Psychosis and Acute Exacerbation of Schizophrenia

Abdullah Bolu,Mehmet Sinan Aydın,Abdullah Akgün,Ali Coşkun,Beyazıt Garip,Taner Öznur,Cemil Çelik,Özcan Uzun 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.2

Objective: Findings about inflammatory processes in schizophrenia are increasing day by day. Inflammatory processes in schizophrenia are associated with both its etiology and clinical symptoms. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is also one of these inflammatory processes. Particularly, it is thought to be closely related to clinical findings of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: In this study, the relationship between clinical findings of hsCRP levels of patients with drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) and patients with schizophrenia in acute exacerbation phase is investigated. Clinical findings, psychometric properties (the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), and hsCRP levels of patients were compared. Results: Forty-eight patients with FEP, 74 patients with schizophrenia in acute exacerbation phase and 54 healthy controlled volunteers are included in the study. The most substantial finding in the study is that there is a positive correlation between hsCRP levels and severity of positive symptoms of both patient groups, with FEP and with schizophrenia. The second most substantial finding is there is no significant difference between patients with FEP and schizophrenia, in terms of hsCRP. Conclusion: The relationship between hsCRP and positive symptom severity in two groups of patients supports the inflammatory hypothesis in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. This finding is supportive of close relation between inflammatory processes and clinical findings of patient with schizophrenia.

Vibration and buckling analyses of FGM beam with edge crack: Finite element and multilayer perceptron methods

Murat Yaylacı,Ecren Uzun Yaylacı,Mehmet Emin Özdemir,Şevval Öztürk,Hasan Sesli 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.46 No.4

This study represents a numerical research in vibration and buckling of functionally graded material (FGM) beam comprising edge crack by using finite element method (FEM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). It is assumed that the material properties change only according to the exponential distributions along the beam thickness. FEM and MLP solutions of the natural frequencies and critical buckling load are obtained of the cracked FGM beam for clamped–free (C-F), hinged–hinged (H-H), and clamped–clamped (C-C) boundary conditions. Numerical results are obtained to show the effects of crack location (c/L), material properties (E2/E1), slenderness ratio (L/h) and end supports on the bending vibration and buckling properties of cracked FGM beam. The FEM analysis used in this paper was verified with the literature, and the fundamental frequency ratio ( ̅) and critical buckling load ratio ( ̅̅̅̅) results obtained were compared with FEM and MLP. The results obtained are quite compatible with each other

Neutrophil-lymphocyte and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratios among Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder: A Preliminary Study

Serdar Karatoprak,Necati Uzun,Mehmet Akif Akıncı,Yunus Emre Dönmez 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.4

Objective: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a serious public health problem affecting both the individual and the society, and substance use-related deaths and disability have been shown to increase gradually. Recent etiologic studies have reported that there is a relation between inflammatory parameters and psychiatric disorders. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) used as an indicator of inflammation have been shown to be increased in various psychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the NLR and PLR in adolescents with SUD. Methods: This study was conducted by retrospectively examining the records of 55 male adolescents who were followed up with SUD in a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic between November 2019−June 2020. Patients who had comorbid psychiatric disorder were included, and those who received any psychotropic medication were excluded. A total of 61 healthy male adolescents in the same age range without any psychiatric disorders were recruited as a control group. Neutrophil-lymphocyte-platelet counts were noted retrospectively from complete blood tests, and NLR-PLR were calculated. Results: The NLR and PLR of adolescents with SUD were significantly higher than the healthy adolescents (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, respectively). In addition, conduct disorder, depression, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which were determined as the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders had no effects on NLR (p = 0.513, p = 0.584, p = 0.394, respectively) and PLR (p = 0.210, p = 0.346, p = 0.359, respectively). Conclusion: The results of current study indicate that inflammatory processes may have a key role in the pathophysiology of SUD.

mplementation of finite element and artificial neural network methods to analyze the contact problem of a functionally graded layer containing crack

Murat Yaylacı,Ecren Uzun Yaylacı,Mehmet Emin Özdemir,Sevil Ay,Şevval Öztürk 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.45 No.4

In this study, a two-dimensional model of the contact problem has been examined using the finite element method (FEM) based software ANSYS and based on the multilayer perceptron (MLP), an artificial neural network (ANN). For this purpose, a functionally graded (FG) half-infinite layer (HIL) with a crack pressed by means of two rigid blocks has been solved using FEM. Mass forces and friction are neglected in the solution. Since the problem is analyzed for the plane state, the thickness along the z-axis direction is taken as a unit. To check the accuracy of the contact problem model the results are compared with a study in the literature. In addition, ANSYS and MLP results are compared using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2), and good agreement is found. Numerical solutions are made by considering different values of external load, the width of blocks, crack depth, and material properties. The stresses on the contact surfaces between the blocks and the FG HIL are examined for these values, and the results are presented. Consequently, it is concluded that the considered non-dimensional quantities have a noteworthy influence on the contact stress distributions, and also, FEM and ANN can be efficient alternative methods to time-consuming analytical solutions if used correctly.

Escherichia Coli Infective Endocarditis Presented with Aorta-to-left Atrial Fistula and Mitral Valve Aneurysm Rupture: A Rare Clinical Finding

Tufan Cinar,Mert İlker Hayiroğlu,Vedat Çiçek,Mehmet Uzun,Ahmet Lütfullah Orhan 한국심초음파학회 2020 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.28 No.2

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Changes in Pre- and Post-Electroconvulsive Therapy Serum Myostatin Levels in Patients with Treatment Resistant Depression

Cemil Çelik,Abdullah Bolu,Taner Öznur,Mehmet Sinan Aydın,Yusuf Tokgöz,Özcan Uzun 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.1

Objective: Myostatin is a growth factor which is investigated regarding musculoskeletal system. Albeit its effect on muscle mass is known, it is considered likely having other unknown effects as well, particularly on central nervous system. With this study, it is aimed to find out that what type of effect electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) does on myostatin in patients with treatment resistant depression. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with treatment resistant major depression and thirty healthy volunteers were included in the study. Pre- and post-ECT levels of myostatine were compared; also this results were compared to healthy controls. Results: For 29 patients with treatment-resistant major depression, the pre-treatment mean myostatin level was 0.95±0.32 ng/ml and post-therapy myostatin level was 11.05±6.97 ng/ml. As a result of this study, it is found that ECT affects serum myostatin levels to a significant degree (t=4.17, p<0.05). It is also found that there was a significant relation between serum myostatin levels and depression scores (r=0.392, p<0.05). Conclusion: With the present study and similar ones, it can be understood that how ECT achieves its effectiveness biologically.