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A modeling study on utilizing SnS<sub>2</sub> as the buffer layer of CZT(S, Se) solar cells
Haghighi, Maryam,Minbashi, Mehran,Taghavinia, Nima,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Mahdavi, Seyed Mohammad,Kordbacheh, Amirhossein Ahmadkhan Elsevier 2018 SOLAR ENERGY -PHOENIX ARIZONA THEN NEW YORK- Vol.167 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>CdS is conventionally used as the n-type buffer layer in chalcopyrite (CIG(S, Se)) and Kesterite (CZT(S, Se)) solar cells. CdS is toxic and there are wide attempts to find substitutes for it. Here, we suggest SnS<SUB>2</SUB> as a possible alternative. SnS<SUB>2</SUB> films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), characterized to estimate carrier concentration and electron affinity values, and the obtained values were used to model a CZT(S, Se) solar cell. The experimental values of a benchmark CZT(S, Se) cell with efficiency of 12.3% were employed to obtain the density and energy position of defects in CZT(S, Se) and validating the model. We observed that SnS<SUB>2</SUB> results in almost identical performance as CdS, showing slightly better current density, due to smaller conduction band offset of 0.21 eV compared to 0.28 eV for CdS.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CZT(S, Se) solar cell is modeled with vertically graded absorber composition based on experimental data. </LI> <LI> The non-toxic and inexpensive SnS<SUB>2</SUB> has been introduced as a new buffer layer and appropriate alternative for CdS. </LI> <LI> The measured conduction and valence band positions of PLD grown SnS<SUB>2</SUB> layers are 4.26 eV and 6.11 eV. </LI> <LI> SnS<SUB>2</SUB> compares well with CdS as the buffer layer of CZT(S, Se) solar cells. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
The Effect of N-TiO2 on Tomato, Onion, and Radish Seed Germination
Maryam Haghighi,Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 한국작물학회 2014 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.17 No.4
The effects of nano-size titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) on the germination of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), onion (Alliumcepa L.), and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds were assessed in laboratory and greenhouse trials. Seeds were germinated in Petridishes in a laboratory and in peat:perlite (1:1, v/v) in a greenhouse containing four concentrations of N-TiO2 (0, 100, 200, and 400mg L-1). N-TiO2 at 100 and 200 mg L-1 had the most positive effect on germination. In the laboratory, the highest germination percentageof tomato and onion was observed at 100 mg L-1 (100 and 30%, respectively), and in radish, 100% germination was obtainedwith 400 mg L-1. In the greenhouse, seedlings were tallest after exposure to 400 and 200 mg L-1 for tomato and onion, respectively,and 400 and 100 mg L-1 for radish. N-TiO2 may serve as a seed-priming agent for horticultural crops
Maryam Borhani-Haghighi,Shadan Navid,Yousef Mohamadi 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.2
Study Design: Experimental animal study. Purpose: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of human breast milk stem cell (BMSC)-conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) in a model of spinal cord injury (SCI) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Overview of Literature: SCI is one of the leading causes of disability in addition to sensory and motor impairment. So far, there have been no successful treatments for SCI. Given the positive outcomes associated with using stem cells and their derivatives as a treatment for various diseases, there is a growing interest in using them as an SCI treatment. Recent research has demonstrated that CM from stem cells has therapeutic advantages. Methods: Human BMSCs were isolated and characterized, and CM was subsequently collected. Animals received an intrathecal administration of BMSC-CM after SCI. The activity of caspase-3 was measured to assess apoptosis, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were measured to assess inflammation. Also, sensory and locomotor performances were assessed after SCI and BMSC-CM administration. Results: Administration of CM from BMSC reduced apoptosis and inflammation at the site of injury in a rat model of SCI (p <0.05). Motor, sensory, locomotor, and sensorimotor performances were significantly improved in rats that received BMSC-CM after SCI. Conclusions: Intrathecal administration of BMSC-CM improved recovery in a rat model of SCI.
The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Vegetable Species
Maryam Haghighi,Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 한국작물학회 2014 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.17 No.4
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can change the morphological and physiological characteristics of plant cells. Laboratory and greenhousestudies were conducted to study the effect of CNTs on the germination and seedling growth of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentumMill. cv. ‘Falcato’), onion (Allium cepa L. cv. ‘Yellow Sweet Spanish’), turnip (Brassica rapa L. cv. ‘Toria’) and radish(Raphanus sativus L. cv. ‘Small radish’). Seeds were germinated in four concentrations of CNTs (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg L-1) in Petridishes under laboratory conditions. The same concentrations were used in a greenhouse to study the response of seedling growth toCNTs. To evaluate the effect of CNTs on germination and growth, germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), seedlinglength, seedling fresh and dry weight and mean germination time (MGT) were measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) wasused to confirm the presence of CNTs. CNTs at 10 - 40 mg L-1 improved tomato and onion germination more than for radish andturnip, the highest GP in tomato and onion being 8 and 95%, respectively. In radish, the control showed the highest GP (96%) underlaboratory conditions. CNTs at 40 mg L-1 had a deleterious and toxic effect on onion and radish seed germination. In the greenhouseexperiment, the fresh weight of radish seedlings decreased as the CNT concentration increased. The dry weight of tomato and radishshoots increased following the application of all concentrations (10 - 40 mg L-1) of CNTs. CNTs did not alter turnip germination andgrowth. SEM revealed that the effectiveness of CNTs may depend on the plant species and on the distribution of CNTs on the testaand root surface. CNTs thus provide a viable and important new technique to improve seed germination and selective seedlinggrowth-related characteristics, although the benefit-toxic balance needs to be tested for other horticultural crops and other (higher)concentrations of CNTs.
Maryam Haghighi,Maryam Mozafariyan,Behzad Abdolahipour 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.2
Cucumber is a subtropical vegetable sensitive to high and low root temperature. Additionally, mycorrhiza with beneficial effect on plant growth can increase plant tolerance to stress. This experiment was carried out as a factorial design based on CRD to study the effect of mycorrhiza density (0, 1,000 spores and 2,000 spores) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Super N3) under low (15°C), high (35°C), and optimum (25°C) temperature root zones. The result showed that low and high root zone temperatures decreased shoot and root fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant activity compared to optimum temperature, while the phenols of shoot and NR activity increased in low and high temperature, respectively, as compared to optimum temperature. Both mycorrhiza inoculation (1,000 and 2,000 spores) increased shoot and root fresh weight while mycorrhiza with 1,000 spores increased antioxidant activity and phenol content and NR activity had no influence by mycorrhiza symbiosis. Mycorrhiza inoculation increased SPAD value at optimum temperature. FV/FM reduced by mycorrhiza with 2,000 spores at low and high temperature stress. Total phenol content increased at all temperature levels by mycorrhiza inoculation. Mycorrhiza with 1,000 spore increased antioxidant activity of leaves at all root zone temperatures. NR activity increased with both mycorrhiza inoculation at optimum temperature and decreased at high root zone temperatures. In general, our results showed that mycorrhiza symbiosis had a desirable effect on cucumber culture at low and high root zone temperatures.
Maryam Ranjbar,Ali Firoozabadi,Alireza Salehi,Zahra Ghorbanifar,Mohammad M. Zarshenas,Khosro Sadeghniiat-Haghighi,Hossein Rezaeizadeh 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.4
Background: Insomnia is a prevalent disorder leading to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. Methods: This study investigates the effect of a combination of herbs (Melissa officinalis L. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse) on anxiety and depression for insomniacs and on insomnia severity. This study is a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total number of 67 participants met the inclusion criteria who were diagnosed as cases of insomnia. The patients were randomized into the herbal treatment or placebo groups. The herbal treatment group received a combination of Melissa officinalis and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse. The primary outcomes were insomnia, depression and anxiety. We used per-protocol analysis. Results: The all outcomes of herbal treatment were significantly improved compared with placebo in the ISI, BAI and BDI scores after four weeks’ treatment (p value: 0.008, 0.005 and <0.001 respectively). Conclusion: A combination of Melissa officinalis L. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse may improve insomnia and its comorbid depression and anxiety.