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Human Motion Recognition Using Directional Motion History Images
Makoto Murakami,Joo Kooi Tan,Hyoungseop Kim,Seiji Ishikawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
Nowadays many persons are needed to observe images from surveillance cameras, because many surveillance cameras are installed in a town or in buildings. They are working under strain, because they must always watch the images from surveillance cameras to find a person with abnormal motion. Therefore reduction of the load is necessary. Many existing researches on human motion recognition are only recognition and the information of the result is not used. We assume that human motion is a set of basic motions. So, an overall motion can be understood using the recognition result of basic motions. The goal of the present research is to develop a method of human motion representation and translation using directional motion history images (DMHIs). In this paper, we describe a method of recognizing basic motions using the DMHIs. We perform the recognition by the Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature. In the experiment, the number of bins and local area (cell) sizes for calculating the HOG feature are changed and the most suitable values are inspected.
Murakami, Haruyasu,Nokihara, Hiroshi,Hayashi, Hidetoshi,Seto, Takashi,Park, Keunchil,Azuma, Koichi,Tsai, Chun‐,Ming,Yang, James Chih‐,Hsin,Nishio, Makoto,Kim, Sang‐,We,Kiura, Katsuyu John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 CANCER SCIENCE Vol.109 No.9
<P>Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐activating mutations confer sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ASP8273 is a highly specific, irreversible, once‐daily, oral, EGFR TKI that inhibits both activating and resistance mutations. This ASP8273 dose‐escalation/dose‐expansion study (NCT02192697) was undertaken in two phases. In phase I, Japanese patients (aged ≥20 years) with NSCLC previously treated with ≥1 EGFR TKI received escalating ASP8273 doses (25‐600 mg) to assess safety/tolerability and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) by the Bayesian Continual Reassessment Method. In phase II, adult patients with T790M‐positive NSCLC in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan received ASP8273 at RP2D to further assess safety/tolerability and determine antitumor activity, which was evaluated according to Simon's two‐stage design (threshold response = 30%, expected response = 50%, α = 0.05, β = 0.1). Overall, 121 (n = 45 [33W/12M] phase I, n = 76 [48W/28M]) phase 2) patients received ≥1 dose of ASP8273. In phase I, RP2D and MTD were established as 300 and 400 mg, respectively. As 27 of the 63 patients treated with ASP8273 300 mg achieved a clinical response, ASP8273 was determined to have antitumor activity. The overall response rate at week 24 in all patients was 42% (n = 32/76; 95% confidence interval, 30.9‐54.0). Median duration of progression‐free survival was 8.1 months (95% confidence interval, 5.6, upper bound not reached). The most commonly reported treatment‐related adverse event in phase II was diarrhea (57%, n = 43/76). ASP8273 300 mg was generally well tolerated and showed antitumor activity in Asian patients with both EGFR‐activating and T790M mutations.</P>
Prostaglandin E Synthase, a Terminal Enzyme for Prostaglandin E<sup>2</sup> Biosynthesis
Kudo, Ichiro,Murakami, Makoto Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2005 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.38 No.6
Biosynthesis of prostanoids is regulated by three sequential enzymatic steps, namely phospholipase $A_2$ enzymes, cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, and various lineage-specific terminal prostanoid synthases. Prostaglandin E synthase (PGES), which isomerizes COX-derived $PGH_2$ specifically to $PGE_2$, occurs in multiple forms with distinct enzymatic properties, expressions, localizations and functions. Two of them are membrane-bound enzymes and have been designated as mPGES-1 and mPGES-2. mPGES-1 is a perinuclear protein that is markedly induced by proinflammatory stimuli, is down-regulated by anti inflammatory glucocorticoids, and is functionally coupled with COX-2 in marked preference to COX-1. Recent gene targeting studies of mPGES-1 have revealed that this enzyme represents a novel target for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drugs. mPGES-2 is synthesized as a Golgi membrane-associated protein, and the proteolytic removal of the N-terminal hydrophobic domain leads to the formation of a mature cytosolic enzyme. This enzyme is rather constitutively expressed in various cells and tissues and is functionally coupled with both COX-1 and COX-2. Cytosolic PGES (cPGES) is constitutively expressed in a wide variety of cells and is functionally linked to COX-1 to promote immediate $PGE_2$ production. This review highlights the latest understanding of the expression, regulation and functions of these three PGES enzymes.