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- 저자 : Madan, Renu (검색결과 141 건)
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Intellectual Capital Measurement and Disclosure : A New ‘Paradigm’ in Financial Reporting
Madan Lal Bhasin 국제융합경영학회 2016 융합경영연구 Vol.4 No.4
In today’s knowledge-based economy, measurement and disclosure (M&D) of intellectual capital (IC) are crucial for enhancing business performance and competitiveness. In the global world, M&D of IC are useful means to keep investors well-informed and reduce information asymmetry. At present, very few leading corporations in India have disclosed IC information on a ‘voluntary’ basis. Traditional accounting practices, therefore, will need to assimilate innovations that seek to meaningfully represent the ‘true-value’ of the intangible assets of the company. This is an exploratory study of IC M&D by 8 Indian companies over 5-year period, using ‘content’ analysis and market-value-added (MVA) as research methodologies. The annual reports of companies were collected from their respective websites. As part of present study, various statistical techniques have been used to analyze the data. The findings show that the sample companies, on an average, reported a positive value of IC, along with wide-disparity, low-level of ICD. Unfortunately, the omission of IC information may adversely influence the quality of decisions made by shareholders, or lead to material misstatements. Finally, we recommend to “the international accounting bodies, to take the lead by establishing a harmonized ICD standard, and provide guidance to the big listed-companies for proper measurement and disclosure of IC, both for internal and external users.”
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Fraudulent Financial Reporting Practices: Case Study of Satyam Computer Limited
Madan Lal Bhasin 국제융합경영학회 2016 융합경영연구 Vol.4 No.3
Fraudulent financial reporting practices can have significant consequences for organizations and all stakeholders, as well as, for public confidence in the capital and security markets. In fact, comprehensive, accurate and reliable financial reporting is the bedrock upon which our markets are based. Keen to project a rosy picture of the Satyam to investors, employees and analysts, Mr. Raju (CEO and Chairman) fudged the account books so that it appeared to be a far bigger enterprise, with high profits and fast growth rate, than it actually was. The Satyam fraud has shattered the dreams of different categories of investors, shocked the government and regulators alike, and led to questioning of the accounting practices of statutory auditors and corporate governance norms in India. This is an exploratory study based on secondary sources of information. An attempt has been made to provide an explanation for various intriguing questions about Satyam scam. After thorough investigations by the CBI and SEBI, they have unveiled the methodology by which Satyam fraud was engineered. Finally, we recommend “Fraudulent reporting practices should be considered as a serious crime, and accounting bodies, courts and other regulatory authorities in India need to adopt very strict punitive measures to stop such unethical practices.”
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Madan, Renu,Pathy, Sushmita,Subramani, Vellaiyan,Sharma, Seema,Mohanti, Bidhu Kalyan,Chander, Subhash,Thulkar, Sanjay,Kumar, Lalit,Dadhwal, Vatsla Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11
Background: Dosimetric comparison of two dimensional (2D) radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) based dose distributions with high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitry radiotherapy (ICRT) for carcinoma cervix, in terms of target coverage and doses to bladder and rectum. Materials and Methods: Sixty four sessions of HDR ICRT were performed in 22 patients. External beam radiotherapy to pelvis at a dose of 50 Gray in 27 fractions followed by HDR ICRT, 21 Grays to point A in 3 sessions, one week apart was planned. All patients underwent 2D-orthogonal and 3D-CT simulation for each session. Treatment plans were generated using 2D-orthogonal images and dose prescription was made at point A. 3D plans were generated using 3D-CT images after delineating target volume and organs at risk. Comparative evaluation of 2D and 3D treatment planning was made for each session in terms of target coverage (dose received by 90%, 95% and 100% of the target volume: D90, D95 and D100 respectively) and doses to bladder and rectum: ICRU-38 bladder and rectum point dose in 2D planning and dose to 0.1cc, 1cc, 2cc, 5cc, and 10cc of bladder and rectum in 3D planning. Results: Mean doses received by 100% and 90% of the target volume were $4.24{\pm}0.63$ and $4.9{\pm}0.56$ Gy respectively. Doses received by 0.1cc, 1cc and 2cc volume of bladder were $2.88{\pm}0.72$, $2.5{\pm}0.65$ and $2.2{\pm}0.57$ times more than the ICRU bladder reference point. Similarly, doses received by 0.1cc, 1cc and 2cc of rectum were $1.80{\pm}0.5$, $1.48{\pm}0.41$ and $1.35{\pm}0.37$ times higher than ICRU rectal reference point. Conclusions: Dosimetric comparative evaluation of 2D and 3D CT based treatment planning for the same brachytherapy session demonstrates underestimation of OAR doses and overestimation of target coverage in 2D treatment planning.
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Fraud Scenario Prevalent in the Banking Sector: Experience of a Developing Country
Madan Lal Bhasin 동아시아경상학회 2016 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.4 No.4
Banks are the engines that drive the operations in financial sector, money markets and growth of economy. With growing banking industry in India, frauds in Banks are increasing and fraudsters are becoming more sophisticated and ingenious. Shockingly, banking industry in India dubs rising fraud as “an inevitable cost of doing business.” As part of study, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2012-13 among 345 Bank employees “to know their perception towards bank frauds and evaluate factors that influence the degree of their compliance level.” The study reveals, “there are poor employment practices and lack of effective employee training; usually over-burdened staff, weak internal control systems, and low compliance levels on the part of Bank Managers, Offices and Clerks. Although banks cannot be 100% secure against unknown threats, a certain level of preparedness can go a long way in countering fraud risk. Internal audit professionals should play an integral role in organization’s fraud-fighting efforts. Some other promising steps are: educate customers about fraud prevention, make application of laws more stringent, leverage the power of data analysis technologies, follow fraud mitigation best practices, and employ multipoint scrutiny. In 2015, the RBI has introduced new mechanisms for banks to check loan frauds by taking pro-active steps by setting up a Central Fraud Registry, introduced the concept of Red Flagged Account, and Indian investigative agencies (CBI, CEIB) will start sharing their databases with banks.
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Madan Lal Bhasin 동아시아경상학회 2017 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.5 No.1
In the modern era, investors, creditors, analysts and other stakeholders are requiring much more insight about company’s performance, strategic direction and exposure to risk. This paper explains the concept of Economic Value Added (EVA) that is gaining popularity in India. We also examine whether EVA is a superior performance measure, both for corporate disclosure and for internal governance. Of late, companies in India have started focusing on shareholders wealth creation by adopting value-based models for measuring shareholder value that helps to align managerial decision-making with the firm preferences. In recent years, the EVA framework is gradually replacing the ‘traditional’ measures of financial performance on account of its robustness and its immunity from ‘creative’ accounting. Even though some leading Indian companies have already joined the band wagon of their American counterparts in adapting the EVA-based corporate performance systems, many other are hesitating as there is no strong evidence that the EVA system works in India. Till now, EVA disclosures are “not mandatory for the Indian companies.” Also, we examine the value-creation strategies of selected Indian companies by analyzing whether EVA better represents the market-value of these companies in comparison to conventional performance measures. In this regards, EVA and the conventional measures of corporate performance, such as, RONW, ROCE and EPS are analyzed. Moreover, ANOVA, trend analysis and regression analysis are used for analyzing the data. The study indicates that “there is no strong evidence to support Stern Stewart’s claim that EVA is superior to the traditional performance measures in its association with MVA.” As part of this study, we have also extensively surveyed the EVA disclosures in the Annual Reports made by the same sample group of 500 corporations from India. During 2010-11, just 17 Indian companies, from a sample of 500, were providing EVA disclosures in their annual reports.
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RELIGION AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN INDIA: SOME CONCEPTUAL ISSUES
Madan,T.N. The Center for Area Studies Seoul National Univers 1995 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.2 No.1
By way of concluding remarks, let me touch briefly on religious revivalism in the contemporary world as a mode of social change. Its expressions range from desecularization to fundamentalism. While in Latin America Jesus and Marx work hand in hand, as it were, in the form of 'liberation theology', in eastern Europe the Catholic church has been a major factor in the retreat of Marxism as a theory of society and state. Christmas is now a big event in Moscow and Beijing just as it has always been in London and New York. The Lranian Revolution signalled in 1979 that religious authority could be used in unprecedented ways to restructure society through the capture of state power. Fundamentalist movements today stalk the world and they are very much a part of the South Asian scene. Although not all fundamentalist movements are exactly the same, they do share a family resemblance.
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Limit speeds and stresses in power law functionally graded rotating disks
Madan, Royal,Saha, Kashinath,Bhowmick, Shubhankar Techno-Press 2020 Advances in materials research Vol.9 No.2
Limit elastic speed analysis of Al/SiC-based functionally graded annular disk of uniform thickness has been carried out for two cases, namely: metal-rich and ceramic rich. In the present study, the unknown field variable for radial displacement is solved using variational method wherein the solution was obtained by Galerkin's error minimization principle. One of the objectives was to identify the variation of induced stress in a functionally graded disk of uniform thickness at limit elastic speed using modified rule of mixture by comparing the induced von-Mises stress with the yield stress along the disk radius, thereby locating the yield initiation. Furthermore, limit elastic speed has been reported for a combination of varying grading index (n) and aspect ratios (a/b).Results indicate, limit elastic speed increases with an increase in grading indices. In case of an increase in aspect ratio, limit elastic speed increases up to a critical value beyond which it recedes. Also, the objective was to look at the variation of yield stress corresponding to volume fraction variation within the disk which later helps in material tailoring. The study reveals the qualitative variation of yield stress for FG disk with volume fraction, resulting in the possibility of material tailoring from the processing standpoint, in practice.
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