Experimental studies on elastic cooling and pyromagnetic effect ofpolyvinyl chloride sheets with defects

Yingshe Luo,Shengming Chen,Liang Zhang,Jianxin Su,Yongzhong Zhang3,Shuling Luo 한국유변학회 2012 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.24 No.3

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) sheets were made into samples with precast defects for uniaxial tensile test. The tests are carried out under room temperature with conditions of same displacement rate but different defect sizes or of same defect but different displacement rates. The local nonuniform temperature field on whole deformation area of specimen is recorded with a thermal infrared imager and the whole coupling magnetic field with thermal changes in experiments is detected and measured by a self-developed sensors system. The experimental results show that, in a complete tensile test process of PVC samples, the temperature reduction phenomenon emerges firstly in its elastic deformation stage (areas) that temperature of specimen is cooler than room temperature. And then in viscoplastic deformation period (areas), the temperature increases sharply to be obviously higher than room temperature due to the thermo-mechanical coupling effection of tensile load and viscoplastic deformation heat. These thermal variations lead a coupling pyromagnetic effect occur and the effect intensity is dependent strongly on the strain rate and/or the size of defects. The tem\-perature prejudgment conditions for materials yield are preliminary discussed based on this effect.

Polymorphisms of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor-Related Genes and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Chinese Population

Xinyan Xie,Fang Hou,Li Li,Yanlin Chen,Lingfei Liu,Xiu Luo1,Huaiting Gu,Xin Li,Jiajia Zhang,Jianhua Gong,Ranran Song 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.5

Objective: To evaluate the association of GRIK2 and NLGN1 with autism spectrum disorder in a Chinese population. Methods: We performed spatio-temporal expression analysis of GRIK2 and NLGN1 in the developing prefrontal cortex, and examined the expression of the genes in ASD cases and healthy controls using the GSE38322 data set. Following, we performed a case-control study in a Chinese population. Results: The analysis using the publicly available expression data showed that GRIK2 and NLGN1 may have a role in the development of human brain and contribute to the risk of ASD. Later genetic analysis in the Chinese population showed that the GRIK2 rs6922753 for the T allele, TC genotype and dominant model played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.840, p=0.023; OR=0.802, p=0.038; OR=0.791, p=0.020). The NLGN1 rs9855544 for the G allele and GG genotype played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.844, p=0.019; OR=0.717, p=0.022). After adjusting p values, the statistical significance was lost (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggested that GRIK2 rs6922753 and NLGN1 rs9855544 might not confer susceptibility to ASD in the Chinese population.

Effects of Culture Mechanism of Cinnamomum kanehirae and C. camphora on the Expression of Genes Related to Terpene Biosynthesis in Antrodia cinnamomea

Zhang Zhang,Wang Yi,Yuan Xiao-Long,Luo Ya-Na,Luo Ma-Niya,Zheng Yuan 한국균학회 2022 Mycobiology Vol.50 No.2

The rare edible and medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea has a substantial potential for development. In this study, Illumina HiSeq 2000 was used to sequence its transcriptome. The results were assembled de novo, and 66,589 unigenes with an N50 of 4413 bp were obtained. Compared with public databases, 6,061, 3,257, and 2,807 unigenes were annotated to the Non-Redundant, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, respectively. The genes related to terpene biosynthesis in the mycelia of A. cinnamomea were analyzed, and acetyl CoA synthase (ACS2 and ACS4), hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl transferase (FTase), and squalene synthase (SQS) were found to be upregulated in XZJ (twig of C. camphora) and NZJ (twig of C. kanehirae). Moreover, ACS5 and 2,3-oxidized squalene cyclase (OCS) were highly expressed in NZJ, while heme IX farnesyl transferase (IX-FIT) and ACS3 were significantly expressed in XZJ. The differential expression of ACS1, ACS2, HMGR, IX-FIT, SQS, and OCS was confirmed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. This study provides a new concept for the additional exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanism of terpenoid biosynthesis and data for the biotechnology of terpenoid production.

A Single Chord Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Yong-Luo Shen,Yuan Zhang,Yu-Ping Hu,Jun Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.1

This paper presents a novel range-free single chord localization algorithm with low energy consumption and high accuracy for wireless sensor networks. A mobile anchor node and a mobile reference node are employed to periodically broadcast beacon messages and reference messages, respectively. Each sensor node is equipped with a received signal strength indicator for comparing the signal strength. By using the edge function and the result of comparing signal strength, each sensor node only needs one chord on the communication circle for localization. Compared with previous approaches that require multiple chords, less beacon messages are required by the sensor nodes. In the proposed algorithm, the localization error mainly depends on the move distance interval. However, for the other approaches, large localization errors can be observed according to the angle between chords which may descend the localization accuracy dramatically. Analysis results indicate that the proposed algorithm is superior to other approaches in energy consumption and localization accuracy.

TGF-β promotes pericyte-myofibroblast transition in subretinal fibrosis through the Smad2/3 and Akt/mTOR pathways

Zhao Zhenzhen,Zhang Yumeng,Zhang Chaoyang,Zhang Jingting,Luo Xueting,Qiu Qinghua,Luo Dawei,Zhang Jingfa 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Subretinal fibrosis remains a major obstacle to the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Choroidal pericytes were found to be a significant source of subretinal fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms of pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) remain largely unknown. The goal of this study was to explore the role and potential mechanisms by which PMT contributes to subretinal fibrosis. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was induced by laser photocoagulation in transgenic mice with the collagen1α1-green fluorescent protein (Col1α1-GFP) reporter, and recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (rAAV2)-mediated TGF-β2 (rAAV2-TGF-β2) was administered intravitreally to further induce PMT. Primary mouse choroidal GFP-positive pericytes were treated with TGF-β2 in combination with siRNAs targeting Smad2/3, the Akt inhibitor MK2206 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin to examine cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into myofibroblasts. The involvement of the Akt/mTOR pathway in PMT in subretinal fibrosis was further investigated in vivo. Intraocular TGF-β2 overexpression induced GFP-positive pericyte infiltration and PMT in subretinal fibrosis, which was mimicked in vitro. Knockdown of Smad2/3 or inhibition of Akt/mTOR decreased cell proliferation, PMT and migration in primary mouse pericytes. Combined inhibition of Smad2/3 and mTOR showed synergistic effects on attenuating α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and cell proliferation. In mice with laser-induced CNV, the administration of the Akt/mTOR inhibitors suppressed pericyte proliferation and alleviated the severity of subretinal fibrosis. Our results showed that PMT plays a pivotal role in subretinal fibrosis, which was induced by TGF-β2 through the Smad2/3 and Akt/mTOR pathways. Thus, inhibiting PMT may be a novel strategy for the treatment of subretinal fibrosis.

Tracking the movement trajectory of newly emerged adult Chinese citrus flies with insect harmonic radar

Zhang-Zhang He,Jie Luo,Lian-You Gui,Deng-Ke Hua,Tian-Hua Du,Fu-Lian Wang,Peng Liang,Yong-Fang Shi,Xuan Yang 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.3

Previous work reveals that the adult Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein), emerges from the ground in citrus orchards and presumably disperses to alternate food sources in neighboring shrubs and trees, where it stays and becomes reproductively mature, and then later returns to the orchard to lay eggs. We investigated the trajectories of early emerged adult Chinese citrus flies, which were tracked with portable harmonic radar in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 in four different habitats in Hubei province of China that presumably provided food sources for adults. This study we investigated whether early emerged adult Chinese citrus flies migrate into forests. A total of 47 adults were tracked following release in a citrus orchard. Our results showed that a total of 33 adults released in a citrus orchard flew into the forest, and 14 adults that disappeared during the tracking process in the citrus orchard. A total of 10 adults (in 2014) that were tracked and released in the forest flew to the forest. Of the adult flies investigated, 54.5% flew directly into the forest, while the remaining 45.5% finally arrived in the forest after repeatedly adjusting their trajectories. When there were Castanea mollissima Blume (Fagaceae) in the surrounding forest, the proportion of frequency of adult landing on the plant represented 58.3% and 88.5% of landing on all species in 2014 and in 2015, respectively. We conclude that early emerged adult Chinese citrus flies in the mosaic-type citrus orchard of the hilly terrain landform dispersed into adjacent forest.

Effects of Different Raising Ways on the Early Growth and Development Performance of Nanjiang Yellow Goat

Luo Hailing,Xu Yongfeng,Zhang Yingjun,Zhang Xiaohong,Liu Kai 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

A total of 106 two month-old Nanjiang yellow goats (male were 32, female were 34 and castrated were 40) were divided into treatment group and control group to determine the growth performance. The treatment group was reared in grazing mode, experimental group was pastured with supplement feeding. The results showed that the body weight of male in experiment group was heavier by 9.82%(P<0.05), 11.87%(P<0.01), 16.91%(P<0.01) and 23.99%(P<0.05) than that in control group in 3,4,5 and 6 month-age. The body weight of female in experimental group was heavier by 11.54%(P<0.05), 13.79%(P<0.01), 17.47%(P<0.01) and 21.15%(P<0.01) than that in control group in 3,4,5 and 6 month-old. The body weight of castrator in experimental group was heavier by 1.58%, 1.99%, 13.08%(P<0.01) and 15.76%(P<0.01) than that in control group in 3,4,5 and 6 month-age. The daily increasing weight and body measurements of experimental group is improved more than control group, especially in 6 month-age.

De novo genome assembly and annotation of Holothuria scabra (Jaeger, 1833) from nanopore sequencing reads

Luo Honglin,Huang Guanghua,Li Jianbin,Yang Qiong,Zhu Jiajie,Zhang Bin,Feng Pengfei,Zhang Yongde,Yang Xueming 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.12

Background: Holothuria scabra is a costly gourmet and traditional Chinese tonic medicine. However, the lack of high-quality genome information hinders the genetic, phylogenetic, and bioactivator researches. Objective: To construct high-quality genomic data of H. scabra and conduct genome-wide phylogenetic analysis. Methods: The whole genome of a male H. scabra was sequenced based on Nanopore MinION platform, and the sequence was assembled by wtdbg2. Transcriptome sequencing was used to aid the gene annotation. Repeat sequences, non-coding RNA, pseudogene and gene functional annotation were analyzed. 750 single-copy gene families from ten species were applied to construct phylogenetic tree for evolutionary analysis by using the ML method. Results: The H. scabra genome of 1.18 Gb (N50 = 1557,492 bp) with 500.42 Mb of putative repetitive sequences was assembled from a male H. scabra individual, and 16,642 protein-coding genes, 951 pseudogenes, 1791 motifs and 45,400 domains from the generated assembly were identified. The divergence time between H. scabra and its ancestor was estimated approximately 192.6 million years ago. H. scabra and A. japonicas joined together while sea urchin and sea star diverged about 440 Mya ago. Some key genes involved in notochord and gill slits development, skeleton degeneration and nervous system, as well as homeobox genes differ between H. scabra and Apostichopus japonicas. Conclusion: We report the first whole genome of H. scabra with expectation that this will be a valuable resource for genetic, phylogenetic, breading, molecular biology and bioactivator studies of sea cucumbers and other invertebrates.

Optimization of membrane stack configuration for efficient hydrogen production in microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cells coupled with thermolytic solutions

Luo, X.,Nam, J.Y.,Zhang, F.,Zhang, X.,Liang, P.,Huang, X.,Logan, B.E. Elsevier Applied Science 2013 Bioresource technology Vol.140 No.-

Waste heat can be captured as electrical energy to drive hydrogen evolution in microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cells (MRECs) by using thermolytic solutions such as ammonium bicarbonate. To determine the optimal membrane stack configuration for efficient hydrogen production in MRECs using ammonium bicarbonate solutions, different numbers of cell pairs and stack arrangements were tested. The optimum number of cell pairs was determined to be five based on MREC performance and a desire to minimize capital costs. The stack arrangement was altered by placing an extra low concentration chamber adjacent to anode chamber to reduce ammonia crossover. This additional chamber decreased ammonia nitrogen losses into anolyte by 60%, increased the coulombic efficiency to 83%, and improved the hydrogen yield to a maximum of 3.5mol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol acetate, with an overall energy efficiency of 27%. These results improve the MREC process, making it a more efficient method for renewable hydrogen gas production.

A New Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the IGF-I Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits in the Nanjiang Huang Goat

Zhang, Chunxiang,Zhang, Wei,Luo, Hailing,Yue, Wenbin,Gao, Mingyu,Jia, Zhihai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.8

The objectives of this study were to identify polymorphisms of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene and to investigate their association with growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats. Five hundred and ninety-two animals were used to detect the polymorphisms in the complete coding sequence, part of introns and the 5'-regulatory region of the IGF-I gene by means of PCR-SSCP. A new single nucleotide polymorphism (G to C transversion) was identified at intron 4 of the IGF-I gene in the goats. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed in this group. The frequency of G and C alleles was 54.6 and 45.4%, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that polymorphism of the IGF-I gene had a significant association (p<0.05) with birth weight (BW), body weight at 6 months (W6) and at 12 months (W12), heart girth at 2 months (G2), body length at 6 months (L6), wither height at 6 months (H6) and at 12 months (H12) and heart girth at 12 months (G12). The goats with genotype CC had significantly higher BW, W6, W12, G2, L6, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GC and had significantly higher W12, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GG. Therefore, genotype CC may be the most advantageous for growth traits in the Nanjiang Huang goat. However, no significant association between SNP genotypes and other growth traits was observed. These results indicated that the SNP marker of the IGF-I gene may be a potential molecular marker for growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats.