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The Underutilization of Lifestyle Modifications in Primary Care Medicine
Jean-Marc Lucas(Jean-Marc Lucas ),Karl F. Kozlowski(Karl F. Kozlowski ) 사피엔시아 2019 Exercise Medicine Vol.3 No.-
Chronic disease accounts for the majority of deaths in the United States and is often attributed to obesity. A sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition are primary contributing factors to the development of obesity and thus chronic disease. Primary care providers are optimally positioned to prescribe exercise and nutrition (lifestyle medicine) as a treatment for chronic disease. Unfortunately, this opportunity seems to be regularly lost. Primary care providers often rely too heavily on weight loss pharmaceuticals and bariatric surgeries to treat obesity. This treatment approach however also does little to prevent and treat the accumulation of chronic diseases. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of conventional medical weight loss treatments and determine why primary care providers may not prescribe exercise and nutrition more frequently. Our findings suggest that some primary care providers may be uncomfortable prescribing lifestyle medicine as they receive little formal education in this field. In conclusion, prescription of exercise and nutrition by primary care providers may elicit greater long-term weight loss than current medical weight management practices. Medical management is most likely effective when combined with lifestyle medicine. We propose that primary care providers be better trained in lifestyle medicine through their formal and clinical education. Rates of chronic disease accumulation may potentially decrease if providers prescribe lifestyle medical treatments more frequently.
Lucas de Paula Lopes Rosado,Izabele Sales Barbosa,Sibele Nascimento de Aquino,Rafael Binato Junqueira,Francielle Silvestre Verner 대한영상치의학회 2019 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.49 No.3
Purpose: To compare the diagnostic ability of undergraduate dental students to detect maxillary sinus abnormalities in panoramic radiographs (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study based on the evaluation of PR and CBCT images. A pilot study was conducted to determine the number of students eligible to participate in the study. The images were evaluated by 2 students, and 280 maxillary sinuses were assessed using the following categories: normal, mucosal thickening, sinus polyp, antral pseudocyst, nonspecific opacification, periostitis, antrolith, and antrolith associated with mucosal thickening. The reference standard was established by the consensus of 2 oral radiologists based on the CBCT images. The kappa test, receiver operating characteristic curves, and 1-way analysis of variance with the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test were employed. Results: Intraobserver and interobserver reliability showed agreement ranging from substantial (0.809) to almost perfect (0.922). The agreement between the students’ evaluations and the reference standard was reasonable (0.258) for PR and substantial (0.692) for CBCT. Comparisons of values of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy showed that CBCT was significantly better (P<0.05). Conclusion: CBCT was better than PR for the detection of maxillary sinus abnormalities by dental students. However, CBCT should only be requested after a careful analysis of PR by students and more experienced professionals.
Lucas Mezione de Carvalho,Hwal-Su Hwang,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10
Stilbene-based fluorescent brighteners (FB) have been shown to enhance insecticidal activities of entomopathogenic viruses but little is known its effect on entomopathogenic bacteria. We investigated the effect of two FBs (FB 28 and FB 71) on the insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) as well as the Lymantria dispar multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdMNPV) in Lymantria dispar asiatica. FB 28 increased the mortality at the combination with low concentration (1.6×102 IU/ml) of Btk, but FB 71 slightly reduced the mortality with middle and high concentrations (1.6×103 and 1.6×104 IU/ml) of Btk in comparison to Btk alone. Both FB 28 and FB 71 increased mortality in combination with LdMNPV at all concentrations (3×102, 3×104, and 3×106 POBs/ml) compared to LdMNPV alone. Our findings suggest that FBs enhanced pathogenic activities but depend on chemical nature of FBs.
Lucas Mognon Santiago Prates,Felipe Piana Vendramell Ferreira,Alexandre Rossi,Carlos Humberto Martins 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.46 No.4
The use of precast hollow-core slabs (PCHCS) in civil construction has been increasing due to the speed of execution and reduction in the weight of flooring systems. However, in the literature there are no studies that present a finite element model (FEM) to predict the load-slip relationship behavior of pushout tests, considering headed stud shear connector and PCHCS placed at the upper flange of the downstand steel profile. Thus, the present paper aims to develop a FEM, which is based on tests to fill this gap. For this task, geometrical non-linear analyses are carried out in the ABAQUS software. The FEM is calibrated by sensitivity analyses, considering different types of analysis, the friction coefficient at the steel-concrete interface, as well as the constitutive model of the headed stud shear connector. Subsequently, a parametric study is performed to assess the influence of the number of connector lines, type of filling and height of the PCHCS. The results are compared with analytical models that predict the headed stud resistance. In total, 158 finite element models are processed. It was concluded that the dynamic implicit analysis (quasi-static) showed better convergence of the equilibrium trajectory when compared to the static analysis, such as arc-length method. The friction coefficient value of 0.5 was indicated to predict the load-slip relationship behavior of all models investigated. The headed stud shear connector rupture was verified for the constitutive model capable of representing the fracture in the stress-strain relationship. Regarding the number of connector lines, there was an average increase of 108% in the resistance of the structure for models with two lines of connectors compared to the use of only one. The type of filling of the hollow core slab that presented the best results was the partial filling. Finally, the greater the height of the PCHCS, the greater the resistance of the headed stud.
SLANT HELICES IN THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPHERE
Lucas, Pascual,Ortega-Yagues, Jose Antonio Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.4
A curve ${\gamma}$ immersed in the three-dimensional sphere ${\mathbb{S}}^3$ is said to be a slant helix if there exists a Killing vector field V(s) with constant length along ${\gamma}$ and such that the angle between V and the principal normal is constant along ${\gamma}$. In this paper we characterize slant helices in ${\mathbb{S}}^3$ by means of a differential equation in the curvature ${\kappa}$ and the torsion ${\tau}$ of the curve. We define a helix surface in ${\mathbb{S}}^3$ and give a method to construct any helix surface. This method is based on the Kitagawa representation of flat surfaces in ${\mathbb{S}}^3$. Finally, we obtain a geometric approach to the problem of solving natural equations for slant helices in the three-dimensional sphere. We prove that the slant helices in ${\mathbb{S}}^3$ are exactly the geodesics of helix surfaces.
Lucas Veronez Goulart Ferreira,Laxmi Rathour,Devika Dabke,Fabio Roberto Chavarette,Vishnu Narayan Mishra 한국전산응용수학회 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.6
Rotating machines heavily rely on an intricate network of interconnected sub-components, with bearing failures accounting for a substantial proportion (40$\%$ to 90$\%$) of all such failures. To address this issue, intelligent algorithms have been developed to evaluate vibrational signals and accurately detect faults, thereby reducing the reliance on expert knowledge and lowering maintenance costs. Within the field of machine learning, Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) have exhibited notable potential, with applications ranging from malware detection in computer systems to fault detection in bearings, which is the primary focus of this study. In pursuit of this objective, we propose a novel procedure for detecting novel instances of anomalies in varying operating conditions, utilizing only the signals derived from the healthy state of the analyzed machine. Our approach incorporates AIS augmented by Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). The experimental outcomes demonstrate that the AIS-DTW method yields a considerable improvement in anomaly detection rates (up to 53.83$\%$) compared to the conventional AIS. In summary, our findings indicate that our method represents a significant advancement in enhancing the resilience of AIS-based novelty detection, thereby bolstering the reliability of rotating machines and reducing the need for expertise in bearing fault detection.