The Underutilization of Lifestyle Modifications in Primary Care Medicine

Jean-Marc Lucas(Jean-Marc Lucas ),Karl F. Kozlowski(Karl F. Kozlowski ) 사피엔시아 2019 Exercise Medicine Vol.3 No.-

Chronic disease accounts for the majority of deaths in the United States and is often attributed to obesity. A sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition are primary contributing factors to the development of obesity and thus chronic disease. Primary care providers are optimally positioned to prescribe exercise and nutrition (lifestyle medicine) as a treatment for chronic disease. Unfortunately, this opportunity seems to be regularly lost. Primary care providers often rely too heavily on weight loss pharmaceuticals and bariatric surgeries to treat obesity. This treatment approach however also does little to prevent and treat the accumulation of chronic diseases. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of conventional medical weight loss treatments and determine why primary care providers may not prescribe exercise and nutrition more frequently. Our findings suggest that some primary care providers may be uncomfortable prescribing lifestyle medicine as they receive little formal education in this field. In conclusion, prescription of exercise and nutrition by primary care providers may elicit greater long-term weight loss than current medical weight management practices. Medical management is most likely effective when combined with lifestyle medicine. We propose that primary care providers be better trained in lifestyle medicine through their formal and clinical education. Rates of chronic disease accumulation may potentially decrease if providers prescribe lifestyle medical treatments more frequently.

Using Workers' Compensation Claims Data to Describe Nonfatal Injuries among Workers in Alaska

Lucas, Devin L.,Lee, Jennifer R.,Moller, Kyle M.,O'Connor, Mary B.,Syron, Laura N.,Watson, Joanna R. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.2

Background: To gain a better understanding of nonfatal injuries in Alaska, underutilized data sources such as workers' compensation claims must be analyzed. The purpose of the current study was to utilize workers' compensation claims data to estimate the risk of nonfatal, work-related injuries among occupations in Alaska, characterize injury patterns, and prioritize future research. Methods: A dataset with information on all submitted claims during 2014-2015 was provided for analysis. Claims were manually reviewed and coded. For inclusion in this study, claims had to represent incidents that resulted in a nonfatal acute traumatic injury, occurred in Alaska during 2014-2015, and were approved for compensation. Results: Construction workers had the highest number of injuries (2,220), but a rate lower than the overall rate (34 per 1,000 construction workers, compared to 40 per 1,000 workers overall). Fire fighters had the highest rate of injuries on the job, with 162 injuries per 1,000 workers, followed by law enforcement officers with 121 injuries per 1,000 workers. The most common types of injuries across all occupations were sprains/strains/tears, contusions, and lacerations. Conclusion: The successful use of Alaska workers' compensation data demonstrates that the information provided in the claims dataset is meaningful for epidemiologic research. The predominance of sprains, strains, and tears among all occupations in Alaska indicates that ergonomic interventions to prevent overexertion are needed. These findings will be used to promote and guide future injury prevention research and interventions.

Residual Stress Heterogeneity Induced By Powder Metallurgy Gear Manufacturing Chains

Lucas Robatto,Ronnie Rego,Victor Righetti,Gilmar Thim,Anderson Borille 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.2

Powder metallurgy represents an alternative to increase sustainability in the manufacturing of automotive gears, but its potential is hindered by a certain lack of knowledge on surface integrity properties that can impair the gear performance. This study explores the effects of the microstructural differences induced by this chain on the residual stress heterogeneity state of gears. X-ray diffraction methods of macro residual stress mapping and line profile analysis were applied for measurements of gear teeth after subsequent steps of the powder metallurgy and the conventional wrought steel chains. The powder metallurgy chain induced more pronounced heterogeneities than the conventional manufacturing, characterized by non-uniform residual stress distributions along the lead and the involute profiles of gear flanks. These non-uniformities observed after carburizing were traced back to the previous steps, surface densification, sintering and compaction. The residual stress distribution patterns of these steps were compatible with the plasticity dynamics of each manufacturing process. Such surface integrity heterogeneities result in a residual stress gradient along the gears functional surface, exposing particular regions to be more susceptible to fatigue effects.

Different organic components on silica hybrid matrices modulate the lipase inhibition by the glycerol formed in continuous transesterification reactions

Lucas S. Martin,Annie Ceron,Pedro C. Oliveira,Gisella M. Zanin,Heizir F. de Castro 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.62 No.-

Silica hybrid materials, functionalized via incorporation of three organic components: β-cyclodextrin (βCD), carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC) and hydroxyethyl-cellulose (HEC) were synthesized by the sol–gel technique and results were compared to a well-defined matrix (silica–polyvinyl alcohol–SiO2–PVA) with respect to immobilizing Burkholderia cepacia lipase. The main objective was set to select organic components that can replace the PVA to obtain a hybrid composite with greater hydrophobic character, without compromising the remarkable features of SiO2–PVA. All the three selected compounds allowed obtaining matrices that presented similar textural and morphological properties and gave high activity (1451–1661 U g−1) and thermal stability (t1/2 > 70 h) upon immobilization. Regarding glycerol affinity, all matrices had lower ability than SiO2–PVA to adsorb glycerol, with the SiO2–βCD matrix showing the lowest affinity due to the cyclic structure of the βCD. Transesterification reactions of palm kernel oil with ethanol mediated by B. cepacia immobilized on SiO2–βCD performed in a packed bed reactor under continuous flow confirmed the efficiency of the SiO2–βCD matrix in increasing the operational stability of system, revealing a half-life (t1/2 = 1040 h), 2.5 times greater than that achieved in the same system using lipase immobilized on SiO2–PVA (t1/2 = 430 h).

The effect of repeated surface treatment of zirconia on its bond strength to resin cement

Lucas Campagnaro Maciel,Marina Amaral,Daher Antonio Queiroz,Kusai Baroudi,Laís Regiane Silva-Concílio 대한치과보철학회 2020 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.12 No.5

PURPOSE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of repeated surface treatments on wettability and surface roughness for zirconia surface and bond strength of zirconia-based ceramics to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy blocks (10 × 10 × 3 mm) of zirconia-based ceramics were fabricated and divided into two groups according to the surface treatments: (A) 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion and (R) 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion. At stage 2, each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to the surface retreatments: (a) 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, (r) 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, (D) diamond bur, (Da) diamond bur + 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, and (Dr) diamond bur + 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion. Cylinders of self-adhesive resin cement were cemented onto each treated ceramic surface and subjected to micro-shear bond strength test. Additional specimens were prepared for roughness and wettability analyses. The data were subjected to t-test and One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS. At stage 1, group R presented higher bond strength values than group A (P=.000). There was a statistically significant increase of bond strength at stage 2 for group A (P=.003). The diamond bur influenced the surface roughness, increasing the values (P=.023). Group R provided better wettability. Regardless of the applied surface treatment, most of failures were adhesive. CONCLUSION. The combination of application and reapplication of Rocatec Plus showed the best results of bond strength. Surface retreatment and recementation might be an indicated clinical strategy.

Nutritional and productive parameters of Holstein/Zebu cows fed diets containing cactus pear

Lucas Daniel Alcantara Borges,Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Junior,Flavio Pinto Moncao,Camila Soares,Jose Reinaldo Mendes Ruas,Fredson Vieira e Silva,Joao Paulo Sampaio Rigueira,Natanael Mendes Costa,Laura Lu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.9

Objective: This study ascertained effects of cactus pear in association with different roughage in the diet of F1 Holstein/Zebu cows on intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and performance. Methods: Eight cows with 72±11 days of lactation were used. The experimental design was simultaneous in two 4×4 Latin squares. Four experimental diets were used: Diet 1, sorghum silage as exclusive roughage; Diet 2, sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage (dry matter basis); Diet 3, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo) as exclusive roughage; Diet 4, elephant grass associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 75:25. Results: Dry matter intake (p = 0.01) was higher with sorghum silage. There were differences in dry matter intake (p = 0.01), crude protein (p<0.01), ether extract (p = 0.01), non-fibrous carbohydrates (p<0.01) and total digestible nutrients (p = 0.01) among the diets. Cactus pear in the diet reduced water intake by 44.52% (p<0.01). The nitrogen balance was 59.71% and 27.49% lower in animals treated with exclusive sorghum silage and sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in relation to diets with elephant grass and elephant grass associated with cactus pear, respectively (p<0.01). The diets did not influence the milk production (p = 0.70), 3.5% fat corrected milk production (p = 0.72) or feed efficiency (p = 0.61). Conclusion: The association of cactus pear with sorghum or elephant grass silage does not alter milk production, reduces the intake of dry matter and water and improves the digestibility of nutrients.

Interaction Online Creative Activities for Blended Learning by Lindsay Clandfield and Jill Hadfield, series editor Scott Thornbury, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017, 223 pp., $37.91 (US), ISBN978-1-316-62917-8.

Lucas Kohnke 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.4

La Luna

Lucas Redondo Bonet 한국디자인학회 2019 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2019 No.6

HYPERSURFACES IN 𝕊⁴ THAT ARE OF L_k-2-TYPE

Lucas, Pascual,Ramirez-Ospina, Hector-Fabian Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회보 Vol.53 No.3

In this paper we begin the study of $L_k$-2-type hypersurfaces of a hypersphere ${\mathbb{S}}^{n+1}{\subset}{\mathbb{R}}^{n+2}$ for $k{\geq}1$ Let ${\psi}:M^3{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{S}}^4$ be an orientable $H_k$-hypersurface, which is not an open portion of a hypersphere. Then $M^3$ is of $L_k$-2-type if and only if $M^3$ is a Clifford tori ${\mathbb{S}}^1(r_1){\times}{\mathbb{S}}^2(r_2)$, $r^2_1+r^2_2=1$, for appropriate radii, or a tube $T^r(V^2)$ of appropriate constant radius r around the Veronese embedding of the real projective plane ${\mathbb{R}}P^2({\sqrt{3}})$.

Application of the Fuzzy Logic for the Development of Automnomous Robot with Obstacles Deviation

Lucas Alves Dias,Roger William de Oliveira Silva,Paulo César da Silva Emanuel,André Ferrus Filho,Rodrigo Teixeira Bento 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.2

This paper proposed to elaborate a navigation system for an autonomous mobile robot, able to deviate from obstacles, from the study and application of Fuzzy Logic. With the algorithm in operation, it was verified that the Fuzzy logic offers a smoother transition in the movements. In order to validate the efficiency of the navigation system created, simulations were performed with the robot according to the rules inserted in the Fuzzy controller, where the input values of the sensors and the output values in the PWM of the board were analyzed. The results obtained were consistent with the responses given by the simulation in MatLab, following the same trend of behavior. With the realization of this project, it was concluded that the Fuzzy methodology presents a solution to the problems of navigation in real environments, allowing to implement a controller for an autonomous robot that can deflect obstacles avoiding their collision. One of the problems encountered is the angle of actuation of the ultrasonic sensors. This type of sensor works with an angle of actuation of 15◦, which leaves the robot with a low vision area in the use of three sensors. As a result, there may be no reading on objects entering zones without detection, leading to a collision with these obstacles. The responses were satisfactory, following the same trend behavior of the simulations of the Fuzzy controller.