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Chemical Control of Leaf Spot of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in Sultanate of Oman
Livingston, Sam,Mufargi, Khamis-Al,Sunkeli, Mehmood-Al The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.3
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is an important fruit and cash crop in Sultanate of Oman, occupying nearly 60% of the total cultivated area. However, leaf spots caused by Mycosphaerella tassiana, Alternaria spp., and Dreshcleri sp. have become a threat to date palm's cultivation in recent years. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to find out a suitable chemical spray program to control the disease. A prophylactic spray schedule with mancozeb (Dithane M45), copper oxychloride (Champion), and mancozeb+copper (Trimiltox) effectively controlled the disease when applied at a time when the disease severity index (DSI) was low, ranging from 0 to 1.68. Meanwhile, the disease did not decrease, but instead increased gradually, when the fungicide combination was applied when DSI was high, ranging from 1.78 to 5.37. It was concluded that fungicides should be applied at the early stage or before disease initiation in order to control the disease effectively.
What is Evidence-based Dentistry?
Park, Livingstone Sang Korean Academy of Dental Science 2010 Journal of korean dental science Vol.3 No.2
In our daily practice, we think about the diagnosis of our patient and get into a situation wherein we have to make a clinical decision. Diagnosis and treatment come from the knowledge and experiences that each dentist should have, but sometimes, we can have doubts on our decisions. "On what evidence did I make such decision? Was that really right?" Drawing our attention these days as a possible answer to this question, evidence-based dentistry seeks to apply the best available evidence gained from the scientific method to medical decision making. To make a good decision, the strength of evidence is assessed. Specifically, randomized controlled trial, systematic review, and meta-analysis are considered the highest level of evidence; cohort study, case control study, case series, animal study, bench test, and biological plausibility follow. With the approach of evidence-based dentistry, we can make objective, scientifically sound clinical decisions. It is also patient-oriented, incorporating clinical experiences and stressing good judgments; thorough and comprehensive, it uses transparent methodology. That is the reason evidence-based dentistry can be better than other assessment methods when we make a clinical decision in modern dentistry.
Imogen Livingstone,Lily Pollock,Bruno Sgromo,Sotiris Mastoridis 대한소화기내시경학회 2021 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.54 No.6
Esophageal wall defects, including perforations and postoperative leaks, are associated with high morbidity and mortality and posea significant management challenge. In light of the high morbidity of surgical management or revision, in recent years, endoscopicvacuum therapy (EVT) has emerged as a novel alternative treatment strategy. EVT involves transoral endoscopic placement of apolyurethane sponge connected to an externalized nasogastric tube to provide continuous negative pressure with the intention ofpromoting defect healing, facilitating cavity drainage, and ameliorating sepsis. In the last decade, EVT has become increasinglyadopted in the management of a diverse spectrum of esophageal defects. Its popularity has been attributed in part to the growingbody of evidence suggesting superior outcomes and defect closure rates in excess of 80%. This growing body of evidence, coupledwith the ongoing evolution of the technology and techniques of deployment, suggests that the utilization of EVT has becomeincreasingly widespread. Here, we aimed to review the current status of the field, addressing the mechanism of action, indications,technique methodology, efficacy, safety, and practical considerations of EVT implementation. We also sought to highlight futuredirections for the use of EVT in esophageal wall defects.