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Shaking Table Test on Dynamic Behaviours of Tropical Residual Soils in Malaysia
Koo Kean Yong,Lim Jun Xian,Yang Chong Li,Lee Min Lee,Yasuo Tanaka,Zhao JianJun 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.5
Studies on dynamic behaviours of tropical residual soils are still very limited in the current available literature. This paper mainly aims to investigate the dynamic properties (shear modulus and damping ratio) of two selected tropical residual soils (sandy silt and silty sand) in Malaysia under different overburden pressures. A series of shaking table tests were performed by applying 13 combinations of input shaking frequencies and lateral displacements. The measured acceleration data were subjected to baseline corrections and filtering processes. The results showed that the shaking table setup was capable of facilitating a considerably large strain level of deformation. The shear modulus increases proportionally with the confining pressure. Under the same confining pressure, shear modulus attenuates with the increase of strain amplitude. The shear modulus of sandy silt was consistently larger than that of silty sand. The damping ratios of the tested soils approximately range between 1% and 12%.
Injectable PTHF-based thermogelling polyurethane implants for long-term intraocular application
Kaiwen Zhang,Zengping Liu,Qianyu Lin,Yi Jian Boo,Valerie Ow,Xinxin Zhao,Daniel Soo Lin Wong,Jason Y. C. Lim,Kun Xue,Xinyi Su,Decheng Wu,Xian Jun Loh 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Background: Hydrogels show great potential to be used for intraocular applications due to their high-water content and similarity to the native vitreous. Injectable thermosensitive hydrogels through a small-bore needle can be used as a delivery system for drugs or a tamponading substitute to treat posterior eye diseases with clear clinical potential. However, none of the currently available thermosensitive hydrogels can provide intraocular support for up to 3 months or more. Method: In this study, an injectable polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF)-based thermosensitive hydrogel was synthesized by polyurethane reaction. We examined the injectability, rheological properties, microstructure, cytotoxicity, and in vivo compatibility and stability of the hydrogels in rabbit eyes. Results: We found that the PTHF block type and PTHF component ratio could modulate thermogelation properties of the polyurethane polymers. The PTHF-based hydrogel implants retained normal retinal structure and function. Incorporating bioinert PTHF generated highly biocompatible and more stable thermogels in the vitreous cavity, with gel networks and the presence of polymer still observed after 3 months when other thermogels would have been completely cleared. Moreover, despite lacking hydrolytically cleavable linkages, the polymers could be most naturally removed from the native vitreous by bio-erosion without additional surgical interventions. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the potential of incorporating hydrophobic bioinert blocks to enhance the in vivo stability of supramolecularly associated hydrogels for long-term intraocular applications.