SDC4 Gene Silencing Favors Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Liang-Liang Chen,Ge-Xin Gao,Fei-Xia Shen,Xiong Chen,Xiao-Hua Gong,Wen-Jun Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.9

As the most common type of endocrine malignancy, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 85-90% of all thyroid cancers. In this study, we presented the hypothesis that SDC4 gene silencing could effectively attenuate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promote cell apoptosis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC cells. Bioinformatics methods were employed to screen the determined differential expression levels of SDC4 in PTC and adjacent normal samples. PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were prepared and their respective levels of SDC4 protein positive expression, in addition to the mRNA and protein levels of SDC4, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, EMT and apoptosis related genes were all detected accordingly. Flow cytometry was applied in order to detect cell cycle entry and apoptosis. Finally, analyses of PTC migration and invasion abilities were assessed by using a Transwell assay and scratch test. In PTC tissues, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, increased EMT and repressed cell apoptosis were determined. Moreover, the PTC K1 and TPC-1 cell lines exhibiting the highest SDC4 expression were selected for further experiments. In vitro experiments revealed that SDC4 gene silencing could suppress cell migration, invasion and EMT, while acting to promote the apoptosis of PTC cells by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Besides, si-β-catenin was observed to inhibit the promotion of PTC cell migration and invasion caused by SDC4 overexpression. Our study revealed that SDC4 gene silencing represses EMT, and enhances cell apoptosis by suppressing the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC.

A Cosmopolitan Utopia on Poetic Form: A Reading of Gwendolyn Brooks`s “The Anniad”

( Liang Gong Luo ) 한국영어영문학회 2015 영어 영문학 Vol.61 No.3

“The Anniad,” a long poem in Gwendolyn Brooks’s Pulitzer prize-winning Annie Allen, is widely claimed as a high modernist poetic experiment. Annie Allen (1949), Gwendolyn Brooks’s second collection of poems, won the poet a great fame as the first African American winner of Pulitzer Award for Poetry while throwing her into an awkward controversy over her widely claimed “high-modernism.” The work, composed of three parts, is about Annie, an African American girl, growing into womanhood and growing from an egotistic romantic to a realistic idealist. My position in the analysis of the poem is based upon my disagreement with those critics who believe this poem is meant to cater to the white aesthetic taste while excluding the black readers with its high modernism or is an endeavor to subvert or deconstruct the European masters by grafting the black cultural elements and experience on the European tradition. My contention is that Gwendolyn Brooks tries to make poetry as represented by “The Alliad,” a formal and spiritual negotiation of the African American with the white modernism and the European classics. By integrating classical European poetic forms, white modernist techniques and black vernacular, Brooks develops her integrationist dream into a dream of cosmopolitanism.

Anti-Oxidation of Cultured Cordyceps militaris Growing on Silkworm Pupa

Gong Cheng-Liang,Pan Zhong-Hua,Zheng Xiao-Jian,Xue Ren-Yu,Cao Guang Li Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2006 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.12 No.1

Cordyceps, one of the well-known traditional Chinese medicines, consists of the dried fungus C. sinensis growing on the larva of caterpillar. It is commonly used as a tonic of restoring vital body functions. In order to evaluate the pharmacological effects of C. militaris, the anti-oxidation and antiaging effect of cultured C. militaris growing on pupa of silkworm Bombyx mori, were investigated. The results showed! that the contents of lipofusin in myocardium were reduced and the SOD activity in the liver were elevated in a dose-dependent manner while no effect was observed for blood GSH-Px activity and liver MDA content in mice perfused with the cultured C. militaris compared to those untreated mice. Furthermore, the average life span, maximum life span and 50% death time of the fruit flies treated with cultured C. militaris were markedly prolonged. The results suggest that the cultured C. militaris growing on pupa of silkworm possesses anti-oxidation and delay senescence activity.

Life Prediction of Hydraulic Concrete Based on Grey Residual Markov Model

Li Gong,Xuelei Gong,Ying Liang,Bingzong Zhang,Yiqun Yang 한국정보처리학회 2022 Journal of information processing systems Vol.18 No.4

Hydraulic concrete buildings in the northwest of China are often subject to the combined effects of lowtemperaturefrost damage, during drying and wetting cycles, and salt erosion, so the study of concretedeterioration prediction is of major importance. The prediction model of the relative dynamic elastic modulus(RDEM) of four different kinds of modified concrete under the special environment in the northwest of Chinawas established using Grey residual Markov theory. Based on the available test data, modified values of thedynamic elastic modulus were obtained based on the Grey GM(1,1) model and the residual GM(1,1) model,combined with the Markov sign correction, and the dynamic elastic modulus of concrete was predicted. Thecomputational analysis showed that the maximum relative error of the corrected dynamic elastic modulus wassignificantly reduced, from 1.599% to 0.270% for the BS2 group. The analysis error showed that the modelwas more adjusted to the concrete mixed with fly ash and mineral powder, and its calculation error wassignificantly lower than that of the rest of the groups. The analysis of the data for each group proved that themodel could predict the loss of dynamic elastic modulus of the deterioration of the concrete effectively, as wellas the number of cycles when the concrete reached the damaged state.

Research Articles : Anti-Oxidation of Cultured Cordyceps militaris Growing on Silkworm Pupa

( Cheng Liang Gong ),( Zhong Hua Pan ),( Xiao Jian Zheng ),( Ren Yu Xue ),( Guang Li Cao ) 한국잠사학회 2006 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.12 No.1

SDC4 Gene Silencing Favors Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Chen, Liang-Liang,Gao, Ge-Xin,Shen, Fei-Xia,Chen, Xiong,Gong, Xiao-Hua,Wu, Wen-Jun Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.9

As the most common type of endocrine malignancy, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 85-90% of all thyroid cancers. In this study, we presented the hypothesis that SDC4 gene silencing could effectively attenuate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promote cell apoptosis via the $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway in human PTC cells. Bioinformatics methods were employed to screen the determined differential expression levels of SDC4 in PTC and adjacent normal samples. PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were prepared and their respective levels of SDC4 protein positive expression, in addition to the mRNA and protein levels of SDC4, $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway, EMT and apoptosis related genes were all detected accordingly. Flow cytometry was applied in order to detect cell cycle entry and apoptosis. Finally, analyses of PTC migration and invasion abilities were assessed by using a Transwell assay and scratch test. In PTC tissues, activated $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway, increased EMT and repressed cell apoptosis were determined. Moreover, the PTC K1 and TPC-1 cell lines exhibiting the highest SDC4 expression were selected for further experiments. In vitro experiments revealed that SDC4 gene silencing could suppress cell migration, invasion and EMT, while acting to promote the apoptosis of PTC cells by inhibiting the activation of the $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway. Besides, $si-{\beta}-catenin$ was observed to inhibit the promotion of PTC cell migration and invasion caused by SDC4 overexpression. Our study revealed that SDC4 gene silencing represses EMT, and enhances cell apoptosis by suppressing the activation of the $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway in human PTC.

Damage Prediction of Hydraulic Concrete in Severe Cold Region Based on FOTP-GM (1,1) Model

Li Gong,Yuting Liang,Xingbo Yu,Ying Liang,Qiangye Du 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.7

In winter, hydraulic concrete is often under the synergistic destruction of the freeze-thawcycle, dry-wet alternation, and salt erosion. The special climate in cold and arid areas hasadverse effects on the safe operation and economic benefits of hydraulic buildings. Thedurability of polypropylene fiber-modified concrete under multiple working conditions wasstudied. Combined with the FOTP-GM (1,1) model, damage prediction of modified concreteunder different working conditions was carried out. The results show that a certain amount ofpolypropylene fiber significantly increased the corrosion resistance of specimens. The fittingdegree between the measured sequence and the model increased with increasing order ‘h’ ofthe time power term. Under different working conditions, the time power term correspondingto the optimal model structure was different. The correlation coefficient R2 between theestablished prediction model and the original sequence was above 0.9. Through erroranalysis, it was proved that the FOTP-GM (1,1) model can effectively predict the number ofcycles when the concrete reaches the failure standard. The optimal model structure can beused in practical engineering to establish a prediction model to calculate the safe 0service lifeof engineering structures.

A Summary of Multicast Routing Algorithms in Wireless Mesh Networks

Liang Zhao,Changqing Gong,Xianwei Li,Guolong Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.6

Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) presents us a key emerging technology which can construct the next generation wireless multi-hop network. It combines the advantages of both mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) and traditional fixed network. The applications of WMNs also attract significant industrial and academic attentions. As a vital function of network communication, multicast is normally applied to transmit data for high-definition video and gaming in WMNs. Therefore, the multicast routing algorithms are very important to the performance of group communication in WMNs. In this paper, we review a list of existing multicast routing algorithms in WMNs. Based on the findings, we also point out the open issues of multicast routing algorithms.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Live Cells Decreased In vitro Methane Production in Intestinal Content of Pigs

Gong, Y.L.,Liao, X.D.,Liang, J.B.,Jahromi, M.F.,Wang, H.,Cao, Z.,Wu, Y.B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.6

An in vitro gas production technique was used in this study to elucidate the effect of two strains of active live yeast on methane ($CH_4$) production in the large intestinal content of pigs to provide an insight to whether active live yeast could suppress $CH_4$ production in the hindgut of pigs. Treatments used in this study include blank (no substrate and no live yeast cells), control (no live yeast cells) and yeast (YST) supplementation groups (supplemented with live yeast cells, YST1 or YST2). The yeast cultures contained $1.8{\times}10^{10}$ cells per g, which were added at the rates of 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg per ml of the fermented inoculum. Large intestinal contents were collected from 2 Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire pigs, mixed with a phosphate buffer (1:2), and incubated anaerobically at $39^{\circ}C$ for 24 h using 500 mg substrate (dry matter (DM) basis). Total gas and $CH_4$ production decreased (p<0.05) with supplementation of yeast. The methane production reduction potential (MRP) was calculated by assuming net methane concentration for the control as 100%. The MRP of yeast 2 was more than 25%. Compared with the control group, in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration increased (p<0.05) in 0.4 mg/ml YST1 and 0.2 mg/ml YST2 supplementation groups. Proportion of propionate, butyrate and valerate increased (p<0.05), but that of acetate decreased (p<0.05), which led to a decreased (p<0.05) acetate: propionate (A: P) ratio in the both YST2 treatments and the 0.4 mg/ml YST 1 supplementation groups. Hydrogen recovery decreased (p<0.05) with yeast supplementation. Quantity of methanogenic archaea per milliliter of inoculum decreased (p<0.05) with yeast supplementation after 24 h of incubation. Our results suggest that live yeast cells suppressed in vitro $CH_4$ production when inoculated into the large intestinal contents of pigs and shifted the fermentation pattern to favor propionate production together with an increased population of acetogenic bacteria, both of which serve as a competitive pathway for the available H2 resulting in the reduction of methanogenic archaea.

LY294002 Induces G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Cancer Stem-like Cells from Human Osteosarcoma Via Down-regulation of PI3K Activity

Gong, Chen,Liao, Hui,Wang, Jiang,Lin, Yang,Qi, Jun,Qin, Liang,Tian, Lin-Qiang,Guo, Feng-Jing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Osteosarcoma, the most common primary mesenchymal malignant tumor, usually has bad prognosis in man, with cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) considered to play a critical role in tumorigenesis and drug-resistance. It is known that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is involved in regulation of tumor cell fates, such as proliferation, cell cycling, survival and apoptosis. Whether and how PI3K and inhibitors might cooperate in human osteosarcoma CSCs is still unknown. We therefore evaluated the effects of LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, on the cell cycle and apoptosis of osteosarcoma CSCs in vitro. LY294002 prevented phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) by inhibition of PI3K phosphorylation activity, thereby inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma CSCs. Further studies also demonstrated that apoptosis induction by LY294002 is accompanied by activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP, which are involved in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Therefore, our results indicate PI3K inhibitors may represent a potential strategy for managing human osteosarcoma via affecting CSCs.