부천집단의 타액내 Salivary acidic protein(Pa)의 다형현상에 대한 연구

이하규,이경은,이주희,이희천 가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.24 No.-

한국인 집단의 타액 내 Salivary acidic protein의 다형현상과 유전자 빈도를 조사하기 위해 부천지역 초등학생 135명을 대상으로 해서 Alkaline slab polyacrylamide gel 전기영동을 실시해본 결과 Pa(+)와 Pb(-) 두 종류의 표현형질이 나타났으며, Pa(+)표현형은 44명 (32.59%), Pa(-)표현형은 91명(67.41%)로 나타나 이들의 유전자 빈도를 산출해 보니 Pa+=0.179, Pa-=0.821가 되었다. The polymorphism of phenotypes and allele frequencies of salivary acidic protein were studied on some unrelated individual of Bucheon elementary school students of Kerea. Two phenotypes were observed : Pa(+) and Pa(-). The gene frequencies were as follows ; Pa+=0.179, Pa-=0.821

Budget and distribution of organic carbon in Quercus serrata Thunb. ex Murray forest in Mt. Worak

Lee, Seung-Hyuk,Jang, Rae-Ha,Cho, Kyu-Tae,You, Young-Han The Ecological Society of Korea 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.4

The carbon cycle came into the spotlight due to the climate change and forests are well-known for their capacity to store carbon amongst other terrestrial ecosystems. The annual organic carbon of litter production, forest floor litter layer, soil, aboveground and belowground part of plant, standing biomass, net primary production, uptake of organic carbon, soil respiration, etc. were measured in Mt. Worak in order to understand the production and carbon budget of Quercus serrata forest that are widely spread in the central and southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The total amount of organic carbon of Q. serrata forest during the study period (2010-2013) was 130.745 ton C ha^-1. The aboveground part of plant, belowground part of plant, forest floor litter layer, and organic carbon in soil was 50.041, 12.510, 4.075, and 64.119 ton C ha^-1, respectively. The total average of carbon fixation in plants from photosynthesis was 4.935 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1 and organic carbon released from soil respiration to microbial respiration was 3.972 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. As a result, the net ecosystem production of Q. serrata forest estimated from carbon fixation and soil respiration was 0.963 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. Therefore, it seems that Q. serrata forest can act as a sink that absorbs carbon from the atmosphere. The carbon uptake of Q. serrata forest was highest in stem of the plant and the research site had young forest which had many trees with small diameter at breast height (DBH). Consequentially, it seems that active matter production and vigorous carbon dioxide assimilation occurred in Q. serrata forest and these results have proven to be effective for Q. serrata forest to play a role as carbon storage and NEP.

Budget and distribution of organic carbon in Taxus cuspidata forest in subalpine zone of Mt. Halla

Jang, Rae-Ha,Jeong, Heon-Mo,Lee, Eung-Pill,Cho, Kyu-Tae,You, Young-Han The Ecological Society of Korea 2017 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.41 No.1

Background: In order to investigate organic carbon distribution, carbon budget, and cycling of the subalpine forest, we studied biomass, organic carbon distribution, litter production, forest floor litter, accumulated soil organic carbon, and soil respiration in Taxus cuspidata forest in Halla National Park from February 2012 to November 2013. Biomass was calculated by using allometric equation and the value was converted to $CO_2$ stocks. Results: The amount of plant organic carbon was $13.60ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$ in 2012 and $14.29ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$ in 2013. And average organic carbon introduced to forest floor through litter production was $0.71ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$. Organic carbon distributed in forest floor litter layer was $0.73ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$ on average and accumulated organic carbon in soil was $51.13ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$ on average. In 2012, Amount of released $CO_2$ from soil to atmosphere was 10.93 ton $CO_2ha^{-1}year^{-1}$. Conclusions: The net ecosystem production based on the difference between net primary production of organic carbon and soil respiration was $-1.74ton\;C\;ha^{-1}year^{-1}$ releasing more carbon than it absorbed.

Evaluation of Agronomic Stability of North Korean Rice Varieties using Statistical Models

Jeong, O-Young,Lee, Jeom-Ho,Hong, Ha-Cheol,Jeong, Eung-Gi,Paek, Jin-Soo,Yang, Chang-Ihn,Jeon, Yong-Hee,Kim, Myeong-Ki,Lee, Kyu-Seong,Yang, Sae-Jun,Lee, Young-Tae The Korean Society of Crop Science 2008 한국작물학회지 Vol.53 No.1

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the agronomic stability of North Korean rice varieties using the statistical model developed by Grafius, Finlay, and Ever hart. The lowest yearly variation based on coefficients of variation was found in Hannam 29 for number of panicles per hill, in Sijoong 9 for number of grains per panicle, in Pyeongyang 3 for ripened grain ratio, in Sijoong 16 for 1,000 grain weight, and in Yeomju 1 for grain yield. By Grafius's model, Pyeongbook 3, Weonsan 66 in early maturing groups and Seohaechalbyeo in medium maturing groups show stable for 3 years. Weonsan 66 in early maturing groups and Seohaechalbyeo in medium maturing groups were found to be highly stable as analyzed by both Finlay and Wilkinson's model and Everhart & Russell's model. With reference to three models, Weonsan 66 was highly stable for 3 years with showing more yield than Odaebyeo in early maturing groups while Seohaechalbyeo was highly stable for 3 years with showing high yield than Hwaseongbyeo in medium maturing groups above $5\;t\;ha^{-1}$ of milled rice respectively.

몬순기후와 복잡지형의 특성을 갖는 광릉 산림유역의 물과 탄소순환에 대한 교차규모 연구로부터의 교훈

이동호 ( Dong Ho Lee ),김준 ( Joon Kim ),김수진 ( Su Jin Kim ),문상기 ( Sang Ki Moon ),이재석 ( Jae Seok Lee ),임종환 ( Jong Hwan Lim ),손요환 ( Yo Whan Son ),강신규 ( Sin Kyu Kang ),김상현 ( Sang Hyun Kim ),김경하 ( Kyong Ha Kim 한국농림기상학회 2007 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.9 No.2

광릉 슈퍼사이트에서 대기와 식생간의 에너지와 물질교환 규명은 지형과 식생의 복잡성으로 인해 많은 기술적인 어려움에 직면하고 있다. 따라서 KoFlux 연구에서는 상호보완적인 다중 분야의 연구를 통해 이러한 어려움을 극복하기 위한 시도를 해 오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 진행중인 KoFlux 연구의 예비결과 중 특히 광릉사이트에서의 물/탄소수지, 물과 탄소순환의 상호관련성 그리고 몬순기후하의 생태계에서 탄소순환에 미치는 수문학적 요인의 중요성에 대해 중점적으로 논의하고자 한다. 광릉낙엽활엽수림의 순생태생산량 (NEP)은 광범위한 생태학적 연구결과에 따르면 약 ~2.6 t C/ha/y로 예상된다. 이를 미기상 플럭스 관측 결과와 함께 고려할 때 광릉 산림은 탄소의 중요한 육상흡원으로서 기능함을 예상할 수 있다. 다양한 생태수문 관측에 의해 규명된 유역단위 물수지에 의하면 연단위 전체강수량의 약 30-40%가 증발산 (ET)에 해당함을 나타내고 있다. 광릉산림의 대표적인 수종인 졸참과 서어나무의 잎에서 얻어진 탄소 안정동위 원소 조성에 근거하여 계산된 식물 성장기간의 평균 물 이용효율(WUE)은 약 ~12 μmol CO2/mmol H2O에 해당된다. 얻어진 증발산량과 물이용효율은 유역단위의 생태계 생산량을 산출하는데 이용될 수 있다. 나이테 성장량과 토양호흡량의 연단위 변화는 강수량과 강수의 패턴에 의해 크게 영향을 받음을 보이고, 이는 몬순기후에 영향을 받는 동아시아 지역 생태계에서 탄소 순환과정이 수문학적 조건과 밀접한 상관관계를 가짐을 지시한다. 연구지역의 공간적 특성을 정량화하기 위해 관측지의 구조 및 기능적 단위를 규명하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있고 이를 통해 서로 다른 시공간 규모에서 진행되고 있는 연구의 결과물을 체계적으로 연결 통합하고 나아가 보다 광역적인 규모에서 대표적인 물/탄소 수지를 산출하기 위한 연구가 시도되고 있다. KoFlux Gwangneung Supersite comprises complex topography and diverse vegetation types (and structures), which necessitate complementary multi-disciplinary measurements to understand energy and matter exchange. Here, we report the results of this ongoing research with special focuses on carbon/water budgets in Gwangneung forest, implications of inter-dependency between water and carbon cycles, and the importance of hydrology in carbon cycling under monsoon climate. Comprehensive biometric and chamber measurements indicated the mean annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of this forest to be ~2.6 t C ha-1 y-1. In conjunction with the tower flux measurement, the preliminary carbon budget suggests the Gwangneung forest to be an important sink for atmospheric CO2. The catchment scale water budget indicated that 30~40% of annual precipitation was apportioned to evapotranspiration (ET). The growing season average of the water use efficiency (WUE), determined from leaf carbon isotope ratios of representative tree species, was about 12 μmol CO2/mmol H2O with noticeable seasonal variations. Such information on ET and WUE can be used to constrain the catchment scale carbon uptake. Inter-annual variations in tree ring growth and soil respiration rates correlated with the magnitude and the pattern of precipitation during the growing season, which requires further investigation of the effect of a monsoon climate on the catchment carbon cycle. Additionally, we examine whether structural and functional units exist in this catchment by characterizing the spatial heterogeneity of the study site, which will provide the linkage between different spatial and temporal scale measurements.

디젤엔진 代替燃料源으로서의 쉬나무의 造林學的인 特性에 關한 硏究

洪性珏,李麗夏,崔圭洪 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1983 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

쉬나무의 種實油는 디젤엔진의 代替燃料源으로서 그 가능성이 높은 것으로 알려지고 있는 바, 쉬나무의 栽培에 필요한 造林學的 特性을 알기 위하여, 本 硏究는 쉬나무의 自然分布地, 種實 및 木材生産性, 實生苗 및 接木苗 生産方法, 耐寒性度의 季節的 變異에 대해 調査하여, 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 推定年齡이 70∼150年生인 쉬나무들이 南部에서 中部에 이르기까지 넓게. 그러나 宮터, 古宮의 庭園, 農村의 마을 주변과 같이 제한된 지역에 自然相으로 分布하거나, 人工的으로 植栽되어 있는 것으로 판명되었다. 또한 쉬나무는 山麓部의 土深이 깊은 砂質壤土 및 植質壤土의 土壤에서 根萌芽에 의한 몇몇 群狀稚樹와 함께 孤立木으로 자라며, 母樹 주위에는 後代 實生稚樹의 發生이 드물었다. 쉬나무 實生稚樹 및 그 自然分布가 制限된 것은 自然狀態에서 多量의 種子가 野生鳥類의 먹이로 소비되어 버리고, 그 發芽率이 낮은 것이 주요 원인으로 생각된다. 2. 孤立木에서 樹冠面積(水平面積)에 대한 種字量을 推定했을 때, 年間 ha當 755 kg의 種字가 生産되고, 이로부터 264 kg의 種實油가 生産된다. 樹齡이 확인된 몇몇 나무의 경우, 20 年生 나무의 胸高直徑은 14 cm, 70 年生은 25∼26 cm였다. 樹高生長은 直徑生長과 상관없이 胸高直經 14∼83 cm의 나무의 경우 그 樹高는 6∼13 cm의 변이가 나타났다. 대부분의 大徑木이 主幹에 심한 心材腐朽를 일으켰는데, 그 原因이 凍害로 인한 것인지 또는 그외 다른 原因에 의한 것인지는 밝혀지지 않았다. 서울지방에 자라는 70 年生 나무에 있어서 主幹에는 心材腐朽가 있었으나, 14 年生 가지에는 心材腐朽가 없는 것으로 미루어 보아 지나간 14년간 材部柔組織에는 凍害가 없었음을 알 수 있었다. 木材는 전체적으로 보아 直線木理이나 觸單面에서는 放射柔組織을 중심으로 交叉木理를 갖고 木組織은 치밀하며, 氣乾比重은 2 年生에서 0.66, 70 年生에서 0.77이었다. 3. 種皮의 wax狀物質을 10% 合成洗劑 溶液으로 제거시킨 결과 發芽率이 10∼15%에서 80∼95%로 증가되었다. 70 年生 나무에서 얻은 接穗을 2 年生 台木에 切接으로 接木시킨 결과는 성공적이었다. 台木이 굵을수록 接穗의 生長이 좋았다. 4. 種字産地別로 幼苗의 耐寒性度에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이와 같이 耐寒性度의 차이가 적은 것은 이 樹種이 蟲媒花이지만 암꽃과 수꽃의 꽃피는 시기가 다르므로 他家受精이 가능하여 집단간에 遺傳子交換이 될 수 있기 때문인 것으로 解析되었다. 1 年生 苗木은 2 年生 苗木보다 耐寒性度가 더 낮은데 이는 1 年生 苗木의 생장기간이 보다 길기 때문에 材部柔組織의 소수의 細胞가 耐寒性 發達이 늦기 때문에 나타난 것으로 생각되었다. 1 年生 苗木의 凍害防止를 위해서는 겨울동안 땅속에 假植을 하는 것이 가장 좋은 방법이다. To know the silvicultural characteristics of Evodia daniellii, of which the seed oil was known to have the high feasibility of fuel substitution for diesel engine, this study investigated the natural distribution of the tree, the productivity of the seed and wood in the natural condition, the production of the seedlings from the seeds and the grafts, and the seasonal variation in cold hardiness of the seedlings from different provenance. The following results were discussed; 1. It appeared that Evodia daniellii, estimated as old as 70-200 years, are naturally distributed and/or artificially planted widely from the southern part up to the middle part of Korea, but in a limited spot such as the site of an ancient castle, the garden of palace and near rural village, and that the trees are growing as an isolated tree with a few progeny near the mother tree, at the site of good soil depth with sandy loam in the lower part of hillside. The limited natural distribution of this species was attributed to large consumption of the seed by feeding the wild birds and low percent germination in the natural condition. 2. The seed produced annually, as estimated by the amount of seed in an isolated tree per the area projected by the crown, averaged 755kg/ha, resulting in 264kg/ha of the seed oil. In some trees of which the age was able to be identified, the diameter growth at the age of 20 years was 14 cm, and 25 to 26 cm at the age of 70 years. The heigh growth was not consistent with the diameter growth or the age and varied from 6 to 13 meter in the trees of diameter 14 to 83 cm. The main stem of most of large diameter trees showed various heart rot damage of which causes were not clear whether it was brought about by freezing or other incidents. In one 70 years-old tree growing in the northern limit of Korea with serious heart rot in the main stem, the 14 year old branch showed no sign of the heart rot, indicating that there has been no freezing injury on the main branch for 14years. The wood had straight grain over all, otherwise interlocked grain around the ray structure on the tangential section, dense texture, specific gravity (air dried) of 0.66 in two year old stem and of 0.77 in 70 year old stem. 3. Removal of wax like material from the surface of the seed coat with 10% solution of synthetic soap promoted the percent germination from 10-15% to 80-95%. The veneer grafting of the scion from the 70 year old tree to 1 to 2 year old stock was successful. The thicker the stock was used, the better the growth of scion was obtained. 4. There was little difference in cold hardiness among seedlings from different provenance. The little difference could be attributed to the out-breeding mechanism, even though this species is pollinated by insects, in that earlier flowering of the male flower than the female one may allow the gene exchange among the population. One year old seedling was less cold hardy than the two year old one. This might be attributed to the slow development in cold hardiness of the small group of cells in the xylem, which was probably resulted from longer growth period of one year old seedling than the older trees. The cold damage of one year old seedlings could be prevented by transplanting them in the soil temporarily during winter

Evaluation of Agronomic Stability of North Korean Rice Varieties using Statistical Models

O-Young Jeong,Jeom-Ho Lee,Ha-Cheol Hong,Eung-Gi Jeong,Jin-Soo Paek,Chang-Ihn Yang,Yong-Hee Jeon,Myeong-Ki Kim,Kyu-Seong Lee,Sae-Jun Yang,Young-Tae Lee 韓國作物學會 2008 한국작물학회지 Vol.53 No.1

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the agronomic stability of North Korean rice varieties using the statistical model developed by Grafius, Finlay, and Ever hart. The lowest yearly variation based on coefficients of variation was found in Hannam 29 for number of panicles per hill, in Sijoong 9 for number of grains per panicle, in Pyeongyang 3 for ripened grain ratio, in Sijoong 16 for 1,000 grain weight, and in Yeomju 1 for grain yield. By Grafius's model, Pyeongbook 3, Weonsan 66 in early maturing groups and Seohaechalbyeo in medium maturing groups show stable for 3 years. Weonsan 66 in early maturing groups and Seohaechalbyeo in medium maturing groups were found to be highly stable as analyzed by both Finlay and Wilkinson's model and Everhart & Russell's model. With reference to three models, Weonsan 66 was highly stable for 3 years with showing more yield than Odaebyeo in early maturing groups while Seohaechalbyeo was highly stable for 3 years with showing high yield than Hwaseongbyeo in medium maturing groups above 5~;t~;ha-1 of milled rice respectively.

조혈모세포이식환자에서 조혈기능의 회복과 관련된 인자들에 관한 연구

정기주,강명수,권기두,김경하,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,이규택,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.1

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남산의 소나무림, 신갈나무림, 아까시나무림의 낙엽생산과 토양유기탄소 동태

정헌모 ( Heon Mo Jeong ),김해란 ( Hae Ran Kim ),신동훈 ( Dong Hoon Shin ),이경미 ( Kyoung Mi Lee ),이승혁 ( Seung Hyuk Lee ),한영섭 ( Young Sub Han ),장래하 ( Rae Ha Jang ),이상경 ( Sang Kyeong Lee ),김태규 ( Tae Kyu Kim ),유영한 한국환경생물학회 2013 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.31 No.2

남산의 소나무림, 신갈나무림 그리고 아까시나무림에서 2008년 1월부터 2009년 12월까지의 월별 낙엽생산량과 토양의 유기탄소량을 조사하였다. 소나무림은 2008년과 2009년 모두 10월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2008년 1월과 2009년 12월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 신갈나무림은 2008년과 2009년 모두 11월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 아까시나무림은 2008년 11월과 2009년 10월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2008년 1월과 2009년 12월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 이것은 한반도 중부에서 상록성의 소나무림이 낙엽성의 참나무숲 보다 더 일찍 낙엽이 진다는 것을 의미한다. 소나무림과 신갈나무림, 아까시나무림의 2년 평균의 낙엽생산량은 7.07, 6.36, 5.02 ton ha-1로 소나무가 가장 많았다. 소나무림과 신갈나무림, 아까시나무림의 2년 평균의 토양유기탄소량은 76.2, 68.6, 72.5 ton C ha-1로 소나무림에서 가장 많았다. 이처럼 소나무숲에서 높게 나타난 것은 남산에서 신갈나무나 아까시나무를 벌목하여 임목밀도가 줄었기 때문이다. The objective of this study was to estimate dynamics of litter production and soil organic carbon of Pinus densiflora forest, Quercus mongolica forest, and Rhobina pseudo-acasia forest at Mt. Nam as a part of Korea National Long-Term Ecological Research (KNLTER) from 2008 to 2009. Litter production of P. densiflora forest was the highest in October 2008, 2009 and the lowest in January 2008 and December 2009. Litter production of Q. mongolica forest was the highest in November and the lowest in February in 2008 and 2009. Litter production of R. pseudo-acacia forest was the highest in November in 2008 and October in 2009 and the lowest in January in 2008 and December in 2009. It means that leaves of P. densiflora forest shed earlier than deciduous oak forests in Korean central region. An average of litter production for 2 years was 7.07, 6.36, 4.66 ton ha-1 in P. densiflora forest, Q. mongolica forest, R. psuedo-acacia forest, respectively. An average of soil organic carbon matter for 2 years was 88.3, 76.5, 84.2 ton ha-1 in P. densiflora forest, Q. mongolica forest, R. psuedo-acacia forest, respectively.

교정용 광중합형 및 화학중합형 레진접착제의 전단결합강도와 파절양상에 대한 연구

이민하,양규호 전남대학교 치과대학 1995 전남치대논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Light-cured orthodontic composite resin has been widely advertised recently for use in bonding brackets. However, the curability of light-cured resin when light waves are diffused through metal brackets is questionable. The purposes of this study were to evaluate shear bond strength and failure patterns of visible light-cured resin (Lightbond) and chemically cured-resin (Mono-Lok2), and to determine the relative value of light-cured resin as an alternative to conventional chemically-cured resin. Each of the two resins was tested on twenty extracted human first premolars. Standard edgewise metal brackets were bonded to the teeth in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendation. After bonding, the teeth were stored for 24 hours at 37℃, 100% humidity. The shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine (Instron 4302), at 0.5㎜/min crosshead speed. After debonding, brackets and enamel surfaces were examined with a scanning electron microscope and a stereoscopic microscope. The results were as follows : 1. Metal brackets bonded with Lightbond showed statistically higher shear bond strength than metal brackets bonded with Mono-Lok2. 2. The predominant failure site in Lightbond was the enamel-resin interface, and in Mono-Lok 2 it was the resin itself. 3. Enamel cracks were not found in any specimen. The above results suggest that direct bonding of metal brackets to enamel with light-cured resin bonding agent can be used effectively in clinics.