THE MULTIPLE PROTO STELLAR SYSTEM L1551 IRS5 AT 5 AU RESOLUTION

LIM JEREMY,TAKAKUWA SHIGEHISA The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2

We present images of L1551 IRS5 at angular resolutions as high as ${\~}$30 mas, corresponding to a spatial resolution of ${\~}$5 AU, made at 7 mm with the VLA. Previously known to be a binary protostellar system, we show that L1551 IRS5 is likely a triple protostellar system. The primary and secondary components have a projected separation of ${\~}$46 AU, whereas the tertiary component has a projected separation of ${\~}$11 AU from the primary component. The circumstellar dust disks of the primary and secondary components have dimensions of ${\~}$15 AU, whereas that of the tertiary component has a dimension of ${\~}$10 AU. Their major axes are closely, but not perfectly, aligned with each other, as well as the major axis of the surrounding flattened, rotating, and contracting molecular condensation (pseudodisk). Furthermore, the orbital motion of the primary and secondary components is in the same direction as the rotational motion of this pseudodisk. We suggest that all three protostellar components formed as a result of the fragmentation of the central region of the molecular pseudo disk. The primary and secondary components, but apparently not the tertiary component, each exhibits a bipolar ionized jet that is centered on and which emergers perpendicular to its associated dust disk. Neither jets are resolved along their base, implying that they are driven within a radial distance of ${\~}$2.5 AU from their central protostars. Finally, we show evidence for what may be dusty matter streams feeding the two main protostellar components.

Within-family differences in intergenerational contact: The role of gender norms in a patrilineal society

Jeremy W Lim-Soh,Dahye Kim,Kyungmin Kim 한국고용정보원 2022 세미나 자료 Vol.- No.-

Objectives: Intergenerational contact is important for the quality of life of older adults. However, few studies have examined older adults’ patterns of contact with of their children (ie. Within-family differences) and whether these patterns are gendered, which has been a distinct characteristic in countries with patrilineal traditions. Methods: This study utilizes self-reports by older adults aged 65+ on the frequency of meeting and communication with of their children from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). To identify “within-family” patterns of intergeneration contact, we conduct latent profile analysis on the 2006 baseline wave using three family-level indicators of contact across children: (a) family means, (b) family standard deviations, and (c) gender differences between sons and daughters, and four distinct patterns of contact were classified. Multinomial logit regressions estimated to examine the demographic differences between the derived family patterns. Results: Nearly half of parents studied exhibited gender-balanced patterns of meeting across children, categorized as “equally high contact” (18%) and “equally low contact” (28%). We also found two gendered patterns of contact, “ more frequent contact with daughters” (14%) and “more frequent contact with sons” (39%). Communication showed more patterns of “equally high contact” (76%), but also exhibited similar gender differences. The derived patterns of contact differed by parents’ characteristics (age, gender, education, and employment status). Discussion: The results suggest that Korean families exhibit substantial within-family differences in contact between aging parents and their adult children, with generally more frequent contact with male children. This points to the enduring nature of patrilineal traditions in modern Korean society, as well as the physical isolation of some older adults from their children.

Comprehensive evaluation of carboxylated nanodiamond as a topical drug delivery system

Lim, Dae Gon,Kim, Ki Hyun,Kang, Eunah,Lim, Sun Hee,Ricci, Jeremy,Sung, Si Kwon,Kwon, Myoung Taek,Jeong, Seong Hoon Dove Medical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.11 No.-

<P>The best strategy in the development of topical drug delivery systems may be to facilitate the permeation of drugs without any harmful effects, while staying on the skin surface and maintaining stability of the system. Nanodiamonds (NDs) play a key role with their excellent physicochemical properties, including high biocompatibility, physical adsorption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability, and photostabilizing activity. <I>Z</I>-average sizes of carboxylated ND (ND–COOH) agglutinate decreased significantly as the pH increased. Fluorescein-conjugated ND was observed only on the stratum corneum, and no sample diffused into the dermal layer even after 48 hours. Moreover, ND–COOH and ND–COOH/eugenol complex did not show significant toxic effects on murine macrophage cells. ND improved in vitro skin permeation >50% acting as a “drug reservoir” to maintain a high drug concentration in the donor chamber, which was supported by quartz crystal microbalance results. Moreover, ND–COOH could adsorb a drug amount equivalent to 80% of its own weight. A photostability study showed that ND–COOH increased the photostability ~47% with regard to rate constant of the eugenol itself. A significant decrease in ROS was observed in the ND–COOH and ND–COOH/eugenol complex compared with the negative control during intracellular ROS assay. Moreover, ROS and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity evaluation showed that ND–COOH had synergistic effects of antioxidation with eugenol. Therefore, ND–COOH could be used as an excellent topical drug delivery system with improved permeability, higher stability, and minimized safety issue.</P>

EAMA SCHOOLS AND EAYAM

LIM JEREMY The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of the East Asian Young Astronomers Meeting (EAYAM) is to provide a chance for young astronomers from or working in China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan to meet, learn about each other's scientific research, exchange ideas and cultural views, and find out more about leading research facilities in the different member regions. I report on the inaugural EAYAM held in Taiwan in 2003, and the future of this meeting. The purpose of the EAMA Schools is to teach young astronomers how to make best use of the research facilities of member regions. The first EAMA school is currently being organized to better inform young astronomers on using the SUBARU telescope.

Microneedles: A versatile strategy for transdermal delivery of biological molecules

Lim, Dong-Jin,Vines, Jeremy B.,Park, Hansoo,Lee, Soo-Hong Elsevier 2018 International journal of biological macromolecules Vol.110 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Human skin is made up of multiple layers and is designed to protect the human body. The stratum corneum (SC), specifically, is a keratinized layer of skin through which molecules heavier than 500 Da cannot penetrate. Traditional methods of transdermal drug delivery through the SC, such as hypodermic needles, are less than ideal because their size and appearance can cause fear and pain, creating hesitation, limiting self-administration, and preventing their use in some patients altogether. A new technology has been developed to address these limitations, in which an array of needles, each microns in diameter and length, called microneedles, are able to pierce the skin’s SC to deliver therapeutic agents without stimulating the proprioceptive pain nerves. These needles provide a strong advantage because they are capable of being incorporated into patches that can be conveniently self-administered by patients, while also offering the same bioabsorption and bioavailability currently provided by hypodermic needles. There have been many advancements in microneedle fabrication, and there are currently many variations of microneedle technology. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a broad, introductory summary of current microneedle technology.</P>

Control of Interchain Antiferromagnetic Coupling in Porous Co(II)-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks by Tuning the Aromatic Linker Length: How Far Does Magnetic Interaction Propagate?

Lim, Kwang Soo,Lee, Woo Ram,Lee, Han Geul,Kang, Dong Won,Song, Jeong Hwa,Hilgar, Jeremy,Rinehart, Jeffrey D.,Moon, Dohyun,Hong, Chang Seop ACS AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.56 No.13

<P>Three MOF-74-type Co(II) frameworks with one-dimensional hexagonal channels have been prepared. Co(II) spins in a chain are ferromagnetically coupled through carboxylate and phenoxide bridges. Interchairi antiferromagnetic couplings via aromatic ring pathways operate over a Co-Co length Shorter than similar to 10.9 angstrom, resulting in, a field-induced metamagnetic transition, while being absent over lengths longer than similar to 14.7 angstrom.</P>

Feeling Alone Together: Loneliness in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment and Their Family Caregivers with Low Mastery

성필두,Jeremy Lim-Soh 한국사회학회 2023 한국사회학회 사회학대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.6

Between-sibling inequality in inheritances: The role of long-term intergenerational exchanges and patrilineality in South Korea

Dahye Kim,Jeremy W Lim-Soh 한국고용정보원 2022 세미나 자료 Vol.- No.-

Objective: This study examines between-sibling inequality in inheritances and investigates whether receiving a larger share of the inheritance is associated with intergenerational exchanges (financial, instrumental, or emotional) or patrilineal factors (gender and birth order). Background: Literature on inheritance in Western countries has emphasized the role of intergenerational exchanges. On the other hand, son preference has traditionally been an obstacle to gender equality in Asian countries with patrilineal traditions. This study seeks to integrate the two perspectives and investigate the potential interplay between exchanges and patrilineality. Method: Seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing spanning twelve years are used to estimate the associations between unequal inheritances, intergenerational exchanges and patrilineal factors, through regressions with family fixed effects. The study introduces three improvements over prior studies: a) broad measurement of intergenerational exchanges covering financial, instrumental, and emotional support, b) accounting for long-term intergenerational exchanges. and c) testing for interactions between exchanges and patrilineality. Results: Eldest sons receive the lion’s share in family inheritances, regardless of whether they provide caregiving to their parents. On the other hand, eldest daughters’ inheritances are significantly associated with their caregiving activities. Conclusion: First-born sons are unconditionally entitled to larger inheritances while first-born daughters may have to earn their share through caregiving, highlighting the complex interplay between intergenerational exchanges and patrilineal in modern Korea. Future studies should continue to chart changing social norms in relation to the caregiving needs of older adults in rapidly aging societies.

Brain Somatic Mutations in <i>MTOR</i> Disrupt Neuronal Ciliogenesis, Leading to Focal Cortical Dyslamination

Park, Sang Min,Lim, Jae Seok,Ramakrishina, Suresh,Kim, Se Hoon,Kim, Woo Kyeong,Lee, Junehawk,Kang, Hoon-Chul,Reiter, Jeremy F.,Kim, Dong Seok,Kim, Hyongbum (Henry),Lee, Jeong Ho Elsevier 2018 Neuron Vol.99 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Focal malformations of cortical development (FMCDs), including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and hemimegalencephaly (HME), are major etiologies of pediatric intractable epilepsies exhibiting cortical dyslamination. Brain somatic mutations in <I>MTOR</I> have recently been identified as a major genetic cause of FMCDs. However, the molecular mechanism by which these mutations lead to cortical dyslamination remains poorly understood. Here, using patient tissue, genome-edited cells, and mouse models with brain somatic mutations in <I>MTOR</I>, we discovered that disruption of neuronal ciliogenesis by the mutations underlies cortical dyslamination in FMCDs. We found that abnormal accumulation of OFD1 at centriolar satellites due to perturbed autophagy was responsible for the defective neuronal ciliogenesis. Additionally, we found that disrupted neuronal ciliogenesis accounted for cortical dyslamination in FMCDs by compromising Wnt signals essential for neuronal polarization. Altogether, this study describes a molecular mechanism by which brain somatic mutations in <I>MTOR</I> contribute to the pathogenesis of cortical dyslamination in FMCDs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Brain somatic mutations in <I>MTOR</I> result in defective neuronal ciliogenesis </LI> <LI> The aberrant accumulation of OFD1 by impaired autophagy disrupts neuronal ciliogenesis </LI> <LI> Defective ciliogenesis accounts for cortical dyslamination in FMCDs </LI> <LI> Defective ciliogenesis abrogates Wnt signaling essential for neuronal polarization </LI> </UL> </P>

Caregiver Social Network Types and Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

Pildoo Sung(성필두),Jeremy Lim-Soh,Rahul Malhotra 한국사회학회 2022 한국사회학회 사회학대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.12