The Expression of Genes Related to Egg Production in the Liver of Taiwan Country Chickens

Ding, S.T.,Ko, Y.H.,Ou, B.R.,Wang, P.H.,Chen, C.L.,Huang, M.C.,Lee, Y.P.,Lin, E.C.,Chen, C.F.,Lin, H.W.,Cheng, Winston Teng Kuei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to detect expression of genes related to egg production in Taiwan Country chickens by suppression subtractive hybridization. Liver samples of mRNA extraction from two Taiwan Country chicken strains (L2 and B), originated from the same population but with very distinct egg production rates after long-term selection for egg and meat production respectively. Two-way subtraction was performed. The hepatic cDNA from the low egg production chickens (B) was subtracted from the hepatic cDNA from the high egg production strain (L2). The reversed subtraction (L2 from B) was also performed. The resulting differentially expressed gene fragments were cloned and sequenced. We sequenced 288 clones from the forward subtraction and 96 clones from the reverse subtraction. These genes were subjected to further screening to confirm the differential expression between the two genetic breeds of chickens. The apolipoprotein B (apoB) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the L2 than in the B line chickens. The 5-aminoimidazole- 4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (PURH) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the B than in the L2 strain chickens. We demonstrated that both apoB and PURH were more highly expressed in the liver than that in other tissues (muscle, ovary, and oviduct) in laying Taiwan Country chickens. Taken together, these data suggest that after the selection for egg production, expression of apoB and PURH genes were also changed. Whether the changed expression of these genes is directly related to egg production is not known, but these two genes may be useful markers for egg laying performance in Taiwan Country chickens.

Fabrication and characterization of fluorohydroxyapatite nanocrystals/poly(d,l-lactide) composite scaffolds

L. Cheng,S.M. Zhang,P.P. Chen,S.L. Huang,L. Liu,W. Zhou,J. Liu,H. Gong,Q.M. Luo 한국물리학회 2007 Current Applied Physics Vol.7 No.s1

Poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA)/uorohydroxyapatite nanocrystals (nano-F-HA) porous scaolds were successfully fabricated through asolvent-casting and particulate-leaching technique. Nano-HA/PDLLA scaold and PDLLA scaold were prepared by using the sameprocess for comparison. The structure, phase and morphology of the nanocomposite scaolds were observed by SEM. The results indi-cated that F-HA nanocrystals were homogeneously dispersed in the PDLLA matrix. The porosity of the scaolds was up to 90%, andmacropores and micropores coexisted and interconnected throughout the scaolds. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that the nano-F-HA/PDLLA scaffold had the best adhesion tendency to chondrocytes among the scaffolds investigated.

THE<i>SPITZER</i>c2d SURVEY OF NEARBY DENSE CORES. VII. CHEMISTRY AND DYNAMICS IN L43

Chen, Jo-Hsin,Evans, Neal J.,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Bourke, Tyler L. IOP Publishing 2009 The Astrophysical journal Vol.705 No.2

<P>We present results from the Spitzer Space Telescope and molecular line observations of nine species toward the dark cloud L43. The Spitzer images and molecular line maps suggest that it has a starless core and a Class I protostar evolving in the same environment. CO depletion is seen in both sources, and DCO+ lines are stronger toward the starless core. With a goal of testing the chemical characteristics from pre- to protostellar stages, we adopt an evolutionary chemical model to calculate the molecular abundances and compare with our observations. Among the different model parameters we tested, the best-fit model suggests a longer total timescale at the pre-protostellar stage, but with faster evolution at the later steps with higher densities.</P>

A Pan-Cancer Analysis of Enhancer Expression in Nearly 9000 Patient Samples

Chen, Han,Li, Chunyan,Peng, Xinxin,Zhou, Zhicheng,Weinstein, John N.,Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J.,Demchok, John A.,Felau, Ina,Kasapi, Melpomeni,Ferguson, Martin L.,Hutter, Carolyn M.,Sofia, Heidi J.,Ta Elsevier 2018 Cell Vol.173 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The role of enhancers, a key class of non-coding regulatory DNA elements, in cancer development has increasingly been appreciated. Here, we present the detection and characterization of a large number of expressed enhancers in a genome-wide analysis of 8928 tumor samples across 33 cancer types using TCGA RNA-seq data. Compared with matched normal tissues, global enhancer activation was observed in most cancers. Across cancer types, global enhancer activity was positively associated with aneuploidy, but not mutation load, suggesting a hypothesis centered on “chromatin-state” to explain their interplay. Integrating eQTL, mRNA co-expression, and Hi-C data analysis, we developed a computational method to infer causal enhancer-gene interactions, revealing enhancers of clinically actionable genes. Having identified an enhancer ∼140 kb downstream of PD-L1, a major immunotherapy target, we validated it experimentally. This study provides a systematic view of enhancer activity in diverse tumor contexts and suggests the clinical implications of enhancers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Systematic analysis of enhancer expression across ∼9,000 samples of 33 cancer types </LI> <LI> Global enhancer activation positively correlates with aneuploidy but not mutations </LI> <LI> A computational method that infers causal enhancer-target-gene relationships </LI> <LI> Enhancers as key regulators of therapeutic targets, including PD-L1 </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering using monolayer graphene-encapsulated Ag nanoparticles as a substrate for sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

Chen, Z.,Qiu, L.,Tian, Y.,Lee, Y. I.,Hou, X.,Wu, L. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Analytical methods Vol.9 No.21

<P>We developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active substrate based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer graphene-encapsulated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and used it for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Monolayer graphene-encapsulated Ag NPs can be used as a stable substrate for up to 2 months under aerobic exposure. The single layer of graphene can effectively stabilize the Ag NPs against oxidation and corrosion in the presence of H2O2, Na2S and HNO3. Due to the combination of the Ag NPs with graphene, the Raman signals of probe molecules were dramatically enhanced. This platform exhibits extraordinarily high sensitivity and excellent stability for the detection of TNT, with a limit of detection as low as 6.6 x 10(-10) mol L-1. This work provides a simple approach to fabricate graphene-encapsulated Ag NPs for sensitive SERS sensing of TNT after Fenton oxidation degradation.</P>

Magnetization Reversal Processes and Domain Patterns of L1₀ FePt/glass Film with Perpendicular Anisotropy

J. L. Tsai,G. B. Lin,M. Y. Chen,C. L. Ou 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

The X-Pt(X=Ge, Cr) Underlayer Thickness Effect on Magnetic Properties of L1₀ FePt Films

J. L. Tsai,Y. C. Lin,C. J. Hsu,C. W. Hsu,S. K. Chen,W. C. Chang 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Derivatization reaction-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for detection of trace acetone

Zheng, Y.,Chen, Z.,Zheng, C.,Lee, Y.I.,Hou, X.,Wu, L.,Tian, Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Talanta Vol.155 No.-

<P>A facile method was developed for determination of trace volatile acetone by coupling a derivatization reaction to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). With iodide modified Ag nanoparticles (Ag IMNPs) as the SERS substrate, acetone without obvious Raman signal could be converted to SERS-sensitive species via a chemical derivatization reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH). In addition, acetone can be effectively separated from liquid phase with a purge-sampling device and then any serious interference from sample matrices can be significantly reduced. The optimal conditions for the derivatization reaction and the SERS analysis were investigated in detail, and the selectivity and reproducibility of this method were also evaluated. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for acetone was 5 mg L-1 or 0.09 mM (3 sigma). The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 80 mg L-1 acetone (n=9) was 1.7%. This method was successfully used for the determination of acetone in artificial urine and human urine samples with spiked recoveries ranging from 92% to 110%. The present method is convenient, sensitive, selective, reliable and suitable for analysis of trace acetone, and it could have a promising clinical application in early diabetes diagnosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Effects of Maturity Stages on the Nutritive Composition and Silage Quality of Whole Crop Wheat

Xie, Z.L.,Zhang, T.F.,Chen, X.Z.,Li, G.D.,Zhang, J.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.10

The changes in yields and nutritive composition of whole crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during maturation and effects of maturity stage and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability were investigated under laboratory conditions. Whole crop wheat harvested at three maturation stages: flowering stage, milk stage and dough stage. Two strains of LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum: LAB1, Lactobacillus parafarraqinis: LAB2) were inoculated for wheat ensiling at $1.0{\times}10^5$ colony forming units per gram of fresh forage. The results indicated that wheat had higher dry matter yields at the milk and dough stages. The highest water-soluble carbohydrates content, crude protein yields and relative feed value of wheat were obtained at the milk stage, while contents of crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were the lowest, compared to the flowering and dough stages. Lactic acid contents of wheat silage significantly decreased with maturity. Inoculating homofermentative LAB1 markedly reduced pH values and ammonia-nitrogen ($NH_3$-N) content (p<0.05) of silages at three maturity stages compared with their corresponding controls. Inoculating heterofermentative LAB2 did not significantly influence pH values, whereas it notably lowered lactic acid and $NH_3$-N content (p<0.05) and effectively improved the aerobic stability of silages. In conclusion, considering both yields and nutritive value, whole crop wheat as forage should be harvested at the milk stage. Inoculating LAB1 improved the fermentation quality, while inoculating LAB2 enhanced the aerobic stability of wheat silages at different maturity stages.

The Isolation and Identification of Soybean Pod and Stem Blight in Taiwan

Min-Jung Seo,Chien-Hua Chen,Kil Hyun Kim,Seuk-Ki Lee,Hong-Tae Yun,Yeong-Hoon Lee,Beom-Young Son,,Jung-Tae Kim,Jin-Seok Lee,Hwan-Hee Bae,Chang Hwan Park,Seong-Bum Baek,Jeom-Ho Lee 한국국제농업개발학회 2015 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

미이라병은 Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex에 의해 유발되는병으로 콩 재배기간 중 따뜻하고 습한 환경에서 종자가 성숙되면 감염률이 높아지며 감염된 콩 종자는 외관상 품질뿐만아니라 종자 활력이 저하된다. 미이라병에 대한 연구를 수행하기 위하여 대만에 위치한 아시아채소개발연구센터(AVRDC)의 콩 시험포장에서 미이라병 병징을 보이는 콩 줄기를 채집하고 이로부터 3개의 곰팡이 균주(isolate)를 분리하였다. 배지위에서의 곰팡이 균사의 생육특성, 현미경하에서 관찰된 알파,베타 분생자(conidia)의 모양 그리고 PCR-RFLP 분석으로, 3개의 균주는 Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae 으로 확인되었다. 한편, 미이라병 저항성 육종을 위해서는 유전자원과 계통의 검정이 선행되어야 하는데, 인공접종을 위해서 분생자의최적 배양조건을 탐색하였다. 그 결과 배지는 PDA, 온도는24oC에서 잘 배양되었으며, 일장은 암조건에서는 균사체만 유도되고 분생자는 유도되지 않았으며, 24시간과 15시간의 일장에서는 균사체 유도 및 분생자의 유도 정도에 차이가 없었다.또한 잎-줄기와 꼬투리, 두 개의 접종 부위에 따른 미이라병감염률을 조사하였는데, 두 접종 부위에 따른 미이라병 감염정도는 통계적인 유의차는 나타나지 않았으나 잎-줄기에 접종한 개체 보다 꼬투리에 접종한 개체의 종자 감염률이 높은 경향을 보였다. Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae (Lehman) Wehmeyer, Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. caulivora Athow & Caldwell, and Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs reduces quality of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed when it is wet and warm condition during seed maturation period. To study of the PSD in Taiwan in March 2008, three unidentified fungal isolates (isolate1, isolate2 and isolate3) were isolated from soybean stems infected with pod and stem blight which is associated with seed decay. Based on their morphological and genotypic characteristics, three isolates were regarded as Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae. For PSD assay, we found that the best condition for the fungal isolates growth was on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media at 24°C temperature for 24 or 15 hr photoperiod. Leaf- stem and pods of soybean were inoculated by an atomizer with two isolates among three isolates to investigate PSD infection. In the result of two inoculation parts with two isolates, there was no significant difference in degree of pod infection and seed infection rate (%) between isolate2 and isolate3, but there was a tendency that pod inoculation than leaf- stem inoculation caused higher level of seed infection. These isolates obtained in this study would be applicable to screening of PSD resistant soybean germplasms in the breeding program.