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Pierre Bourdieu의 문화재생산이론에 대한 연구 : 학교교육을 중심으로 A Synthesis of School Education
최정웅,양경숙 대구효성카돌릭대학교사회과학연구소 1998 사회과학연구 Vol.5 No.-
While educational sociologists of functionalism insist that schools should teach students democracy and rational social standards, so that schools can provide students to pursue self-development, social mobility, economy, and political ability, reproduction theorists insist that students’ success in a society depends on students’ social and economic background rather than students’ intelligence and ability. They don’t deny that schools should teach students knowledge and skills, but they believe the more important function of school is to teach students to maintain the social orders which have become quite unfair and, on top of that, students should strive to reproduce good social orders. Reproduction theorists also insist that theories concerning education and reproduction of culture have shown how education guarantees and reproduction of cultural unfairness through language, values, procedures, and knowledge. Representative figure of reproduction theory of culture, Pierre Bourdieu, insisted that schools transmit particular forms of culture to students, and as a result, students reproduce not only that form of culture, but also the hierarchical structure of society. In other words, students are being taught to believe that certain forms of culture are important to them. Schools, on one hand, as fair and neutral messengers of culture, provide equal opportunities, and schools, on the other hand, as organizations which have relative autonomy maintain unfairness positively through cultural capital and habits by using symbolic violence. Consequently, cultural arbitrary is concealed and hierarchically-inclined culture is imposed on students. Through school education, cultural domination will reproduce the unfair hierarchical structure of society and hierarchical relations.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism has Little Influences on Muscle Mass or Strength in Elderly People
Moon, Min Kyong,Lee, You Jin,Choi, Sung Hee,Lim, Soo,Yang, Eun Joo,Lim, Jae-Young,Paik, Nam-Jong,Kim, Ki Woong,Park, Kyong Soo,Jang, Hak C.,Cho, Bo Youn,Park, Young Joo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.8
<P>Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle mass, affects the muscle strength and muscle quality, and these changes decrease functional capacity. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increases with age, and changes in thyroid hormone level lead to neuromuscular deficits. We investigated the effects of subclinical hypothyroidism on the muscle mass, strength or quality in elderly people. One thousand one hundred eighteen subjects aged ≥65 yr were randomly selected from a local population and classified into a euthyroid (280 men and 358 women), subclinically hypothyroid (61 men and 75 women), or overtly hypothyroid (7 men and 16 women) group. Although women with subclinical hypothyroidism had a higher prevalence of sarcopenia, defined according to the ratio of appendicular skeletal muscle mass to the square of height, muscle mass, strength or quality did not differ in relation to thyroid status in men or in women. Multivariate analysis including age, diabetes, hypertension, acute coronary event, alcohol, smoking, presence of pain, physical activity score, and lipid profile, showed that thyroid-stimulating hormone level was not associated with muscle mass, strength or quality. In conclusion, subclinical hypothyroidism has little influences on muscle mass, strength or quality, and may not be associated with sarcopenia.</P>
ToF‐SIMS imaging and spectroscopic analyses of PEG‐conjugated AuNPs
Shon, Hyun Kyong,Son, Miyoung,Park, Kyong Mi,Rhee, Choong Kyun,Song, Nam Woong,Park, Hyun Min,Moon, Dae Won,Lee, Tae Geol John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2011 Surface and interface analysis Vol.43 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are known safe materials to be used <I>in vivo</I>, and so, are becoming increasingly important in biomedical applications. Here, the stability of PEG‐conjugated AuNPs in an aqueous solution was monitored as a function of time using several techniques, namely dynamic light scattering (DLS)‐size analysis, UV‐visible absorption spectrometry and ToF‐SIMS. Roughly 15‐nm‐sized AuNPs were synthesized and pegylated with mPEG (MW = 5 kDa). Four different samples were synthesized, depending on whether or not a dialysis procedure was performed right after synthesis of the AuNPs or pegylation of the AuNPs. The DLS results show that size of mPEG‐conjugated AuNPs and standard deviation increased in cases where a dialysis procedure was performed after pegylation of the AuNPs, indicating aggregation of the AuNPs due to the detachment of mPEG ligands from the surface of the AuNPs. Also, results from UV‐visible absorption spectra and ToF‐SIMS images point to the likelihood that free mPEG ligands in solution help prevent aggregation by maintaining a dynamic equilibrium between the conjugated ligands on the surface of the AuNPs and the free ligands in the aqueous solution. Conversely, once free, mPEG ligands were eliminated from the solution by dialysis and conjugated mPEG ligands detached from the surface of AuNPs into the solution, suspension stability lowered and the AuNPs showed signs of aggregation. We believe that the ToF‐SIMS imaging analysis with DLS and UV‐visible absorption analyses would be useful to study the stability of PEG‐conjugated AuNPs in different environmental conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Ferrite-Enhanced U-Shaped Internal Antenna for Large-Area Inductively Coupled Plasma System
Kyong Nam Kim,Jong Hyeuk Lim,Woong Sun Lim,Geun Young Yeom IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.38 No.2
<P>A Ni-Zn ferrite-enhanced U-shaped internal inductive antenna (240 mm × 2300 mm) operated at 2 MHz was used as a linear plasma source for an ultralarge-area plasma, and its plasma and electrical characteristics were investigated and compared with those of the antenna operated at 13.56 MHz without the ferrite. By the magnetic field enhancement, the operation of the source showed higher power transfer efficiency, lower antenna impedance, and lower RF rms voltage compared to that operated at 13.56 MHz without the ferrite. When photoresist etch uniformity was measured by etching the photoresist using a 40-mtorr Ar/O<SUB>2</SUB> (7:3) mixture at 2 MHz by locating three U-shaped antennas in parallel, the etch uniformity less than 11% could be obtained on the substrate size of 2300 mm × 2000 mm.</P>
Intravascular Epithelioid Angiosarcoma in the Abdominal Aorta Mimicking an Infected Aneurysm
Woong Ki Park,Kyong Lin Park,Yo Seok Cho,Ahram Han,Sanghyun Ahn,Seung-Kee Min 대한혈관외과학회 2019 Vascular Specialist International Vol.35 No.4
Primary aortic angiosarcoma is very rare, and preoperative diagnosis is challenging with resultant poor prognosis. Angiosarcoma may mimic an infected aneurysm or a mural thrombus. Clinical suspicion of angiosarcoma is vital for an early diagnosis and proper surgical treatment, especially in cases with atypical rapid growth of an aortic abdominal aneurysm with a thrombotic mass. Herein, we report a case of angiosarcoma in the abdominal aorta mimicking an infected aneurysm and present computed tomography and positron emission tomography findings.