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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Kuei-Chuan Lee (검색결과 2 건)
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Pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrosis
Kuei-Chuan Lee,Pei-Shan Wu,Han-Chieh Lin 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.1
The initial presentation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is hepatic steatosis. The dysfunction of lipid metabolism within hepatocytes caused by genetic factors, diet, and insulin resistance causes lipid accumulation. Lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress would further contribute to hepatocyte injury and death, leading to inflammation and immune dysfunction in the liver. During the healing process, the accumulation of an excessive amount of fibrosis might occur while healing. During the development of NASH and liver fibrosis, the gut-liver axis, adipose-liver axis, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be dysregulated and impaired. Translocation of bacteria or its end-products entering the liver could activate hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and hepatic stellate cells, exacerbating hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Bile acids regulate glucose and lipid metabolism through Farnesoid X receptors in the liver and intestine. Increased adipose tissue-derived non-esterified fatty acids would aggravate hepatic steatosis. Increased leptin also plays a role in hepatic fibrogenesis, and decreased adiponectin may contribute to hepatic insulin resistance. Moreover, dysregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the liver, adipose, and muscle tissues may impair lipid metabolism. In addition, the RAS may contribute to hepatic fatty acid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. The treatment includes lifestyle modification, pharmacological therapy, and non-pharmacological therapy. Currently, weight reduction by lifestyle modification or surgery is the most effective therapy. However, vitamin E, pioglitazone, and obeticholic acid have also been suggested. In this review, we will introduce some new clinical trials and experimental therapies for the treatment of NASH and related fibrosis.
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Fu-Jen Wang,Kuei-I Tsai,Yao-Jun Wang,Hao-Chuan Lee 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.2
Precise-manufacturing facilities, which emphasize accurate and stable machining of the working components to be used in semiconductor industry, cannot function properly without appropriate and precise cooling. HCFC (hydro-chloro-floro-carbon) has been commonly used as the coolant for precise manufacturing facilities; but it is facing the pressing schedule to be phased out. Additionally, the dramatic variation of heat load during high-accuracy and high-speed applications need a critical control of coolant (brine or water) temperature. Use of eco-friendly HFC 404A to replace HFC has been suggested as an effective alternative to alleviate the problems. In this study, the performance of a process cooling system retrofitted with HFC-404A refrigerant was evaluated; the energy efficiency ratio and accuracy of temperature control specific to -15℃ precise manufacturing application were examined. Effects of using thermostatic expansion valve associated with hot-gas by-pass control scheme under different loading conditions have been investigated extensively. The energy efficiency ratio and accuracy of temperature control for the cooling system were measured and analyzed for comparing and evaluating HCFC-22 and HFC-404A using different throttling devices under specific coolant temperatures. The comprehensive studies on improving the accuracy of temperature control and energy-saving efficiencies through different temperature control strategies are presented in this paper.
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