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B.N. Chaitanya,R. Asokan,T. Sita,K.B. Rebijith,P. Ram Kumar,N.K. Krishna Kumar 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2
Plutella xylostella (L.), Diamondback moth (DBM), is a notorious pest disrupting cruciferous crops across the world. Overuse of chemically synthesized insecticides as well as application of bio-pesticide like Bacillus thuringiensis has gained progressive resistance against them, resulting in DBM management failures. To overcome this, a more potential, non-chemical and safe technology like Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is to be implemented. RNAi, is a reverse genetic tool with high sequence specificity, elicited by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for silencing the target genes. The objective of this study was to silence two candidate genes fromDBMviz., Juvenile Hormone Epoxide hydrolase (PxJHEH) and Ecdysteroid receptor (PxEcR) involved in regulating metamorphosis and molting respectively. In this regard, we have custom designed the dsRNAs (500 bp) by cloning and sequencing the candidate genes and delivered it orally (non-invasive mode). Further, we have assessed the extent of down regulation of target genes with five concentrations of dsRNA (1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 μg/μl) at four time points (24, 48, 72 and 96 h). The extent of gene silencing and mortality recorded for both genes were proportional to the dsRNA concentration. Our study projects that PxJHEH and PxEcR genes would be good target for dsRNA mediated gene silencing in management of insect pests such as DBM in near future.
QR code as speckle pattern for reinforced concrete beams using digital image correlation
Krishna, B. Murali,Tezeswi, T.P.,Kumar, P. Rathish,Gopikrishna, K.,Sivakumar, M.V.N.,Shashi, M. Techno-Press 2019 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.6 No.1
Digital Image Correlation technique (DIC) is a non-contact optical method for rapid structural health monitoring of critical infrastructure. An innovative approach to DIC is presented using QR (Quick Response) code based random speckle pattern. Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) beams of size $1800mm{\times}150mm{\times}200mm$ are tested in flexure. DIC is used to extract Moment (M) - Curvature (${\kappa}$) relationships using random speckle patterns and QR code based random speckle patterns. The QR code based random speckle pattern is evaluated for 2D DIC measurements and the QR code speckle pattern performs satisfactorily in comparison with random speckle pattern when considered in the context of serving a dual purpose. Characteristics of QR code based random speckle pattern are quantified and its applicability to DIC is explored. The ultimate moment-curvature values computed from the QR code based random speckled pattern are found to be in good agreement with conventional measurements. QR code encrypts the structural information which enables integration with building information modelling (BIM).
Navale Prakash M,Manamohan Maligeppagol,Asokan R.,Sharath Chandra G.,Prasad Babu K.,Latha J.,Krishna Kumar N.K.,Ellango R.,Krishna V. 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2
Helicoverpa armigera is an important pest infesting a number of crops of high commercial value leading to huge economic losses globally. RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent tool for the control of insect pests and towards this objective, transgenic tomato expressing dsRNA of Juvenile hormone acid methyl transferase (JHAMT) gene of H. armigera was developed. The H. armigera larvae fed on HaJHAMT tomato leaves led to a severe (90%) down regulation of the cognate gene expression thus adversely affected the feeding and metamorphosis. Reduction in larval and pupal weight and inability to undergo complete metamorphosis were observed that led to larval-pupal intermediates and subsequently affected the eclosion. Thus, JH down regulation is an attractive target due to specificity to insects and its important role in insect growth and development to engineer insect resistance in crops using RNAi.