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      • Cooling control based on model predictive control using temperature information of IT equipment for modular data center utilizing fresh-air

        Masatoshi Ogawa,Hiroshi Endo,Hiroyuki Fukuda,Hiroyoshi Kodama,Toshio Sugimoto,Takeshi Horie,Tsugito Maruyama,Masao Kondo 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

        A cooling control method based on a model predictive control (MPC) for a modular datacenter utilizing the fresh-air is proposed. The proposed method reduces the total energy consumption of information technology (IT) equipment and cooling facilities in the data center, while considering a relationship between energy-savings and the temperature information of IT equipment. This method based on MPC controls the central processing unit (CPU) temperature in servers by facility fans for cooling. To design the proposed method, it is developed a prediction model that represents the CPU temperature by the revolution speed of facility fans, the fresh-air temperature, utilization of servers, and other factors. Furthermore, the proposed control method is applied to the actual modular data center. The energy consumption of the proposed method is compared with that of a traditional method, which has controlled the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the server racks based on proportional integral (PI) control. Actual comparison experiments with traditional method are provided to validate effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method realizes energy-savings of more than 20% compared to the traditional control method in the actual modular datacenter.

      • Dynamic Coronary 320-Row CT Angiography Using Low-Dose Contrast and Temporal Maximum Intensity Projection: A Comparison with Standard Coronary CT Angiography

        Kojima Tsukasa,Yamasaki Yuzo,Kamitani Takeshi,Yabuuchi Hidetake,Shirasaka Takashi,Shimomiya Yamato,Kondo Masatoshi,Hamasaki Hiroshi,Kato Toyoyuki,Nagao Michinobu,Honda Hiroshi 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2019 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.3 No.1

        Objective: The smallest diagnostically sufficient amount of contrast media (CM) should be used for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to minimize the risk of contrast- induced nephrotoxicity in elderly patients with coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to propose dynamic-CCTA using a low dose of CM and temporal maximum intensity projection (TMIP) and to investigate its image quality compared to standard-CCTA. Materials and Methods: Participants comprised 30 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent dynamic-CCTA and standard-CCTA using 320-row CT. Dynamic-CCTA was continuously performed at mid-diastole throughout 15–25 cardiac cycles after bolus injection of CM [103 mg iodine/kg body weight (mgI/kg)]. TMIP-CCTA was reconstructed from three-phase dynamic-CCTA data, including a phase with peak enhancement of the ascending aorta. Standard-CCTA was performed using a standard CM dose (259 mgI/kg). Image quality of both TMIP-CCTA and standard-CCTA was analyzed. Results: The amount of CM used in TMIP-CCTA and standard-CCTA was 16.2±2.6 mL and 40.1±7.3 mL, respectively. The mean effective radiation dose was not significantly different between the two methods. Mean coronary attenuation was significantly lower for TMIP-CCTA than standard-CCTA [346.9±82.8 Hounsfield units (HU) vs. 455.4±75.3 HU, p<0.05]. Image noise was significantly lower for TMIP-CCTA than standard-CCTA (20.0±3.2 HU vs. 28.1± 3.6 HU, p<0.05). There were no differences in signal-to-noise ratio and visual assessment scores between the two methods. Conclusion: TMIP-CCTA can be performed using more than 50% less CM with the same image quality as standard-CCTA.

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