China and Japan Depicted in Works of Travel Gasa in the 18th and 19th Centuries and the Msanings of the Works in Terms of Culture -Based on Km In_gyeom’s < Ildong jangyuga > and Kim Ji-su's < Seohaengrok >

( Kim¸ Yun-hee ) 한국어문학국제학술포럼 2010 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.14 No.-

본고는 조선후기의 대표적 사행가사 작품인 김인겸의 <일동장유가(1764)>와 김지수의 <서행록(1828)>을 대상으로 하여 두 작품 속에 형상화된 18·19세기 일본과 중국의 모습을 간략히 살펴보고 이에 대한 사회·문화적 의미를 주목해 보고자 한다. <일동장유가>와 <서행록>은 각각 일본과 중국을 사행한 후 창작된 가사이며 조선후기 지식인의 시선에서 일본과 청의 사회·문물이 세밀하게 형상화 되어있다. 또한 한문으로 기록된 공식적 산문이나 한시 작품들과 달리 사적 체험의 영역이 생동감 있게 형상화되어 있기도 하며 사회·문화적 ‘차이’를 인지하고 수용하려는 시각이 확인되기도 한다. 주지하듯 20세기 이전의 조선, 중국, 일본은 조공·책봉제도와 중화·화이론을 기본으로 하여 다원적 외교 관계와 문화적 교류를 지속해 왔다. 조선의 입장에서 본다면 중국과 일본에 대한 사행은 정치 외교적 사안인 동시에 당대 지식인들이 동아시아 세계를 인식하는 주요 통로였다. 권력 및 문화의 길항 관계가 지속되어온 동아시아 삼국의 구도 속에서 조선시대 지식인들은 연행사와 통신사를 통해 유입된 외부 문물 및 지식에 반응하며 현실 감각을 조율한 것이다. 이 과정에서의 치열한 세계 인식 및 자각적 대응과 관련된 의식적 산물이 바로 연행록류와 해행록류의 기록들이다. 그리고 사행가사의 경우 공식적 차원의 기록들과 달리 창작 주체가 경험을 해석하고 내면화하여 의미를 재구성했기 때문에 심미성과 성찰성을 내포한 텍스트라 할 수 있다. 또한 작품에 관류하는 창작 주체의 인식 기제는 타국을 체험하는 과정에서 강화되거나 변화하는 양상을 보이며 시대와 국가에 따른 차이도 확연하다. 그러므로 사행가사의 당대적 의미와 문학적 특질을 조망하기 위해서는 동아시아 삼국의 관계사적 측면을 반드시 고려해야 한다. 18세기 중반의 사행가사인 <일동장유가>는 일본에 대한 인식의 개방과 지속되는 화이론의 특징을 보여주는 작품이다. 또한 19세기 전반의 작품인 <서행록>은 청나라에 대한 열린 인식과 수용의 시각이 확인된다. 두 작품 모두 동아시아 삼국의 관계가 안정됨에 따라 일본과 청의 문물을 수용하려는 지식인들의 시각에서 창작된 ‘문화적 기록물’인 것이다. 그러나 <일동장유가〉의 경우 일본을 夷狄으로 규정하는 화이론이 전제되어 있어 사회·문화적 풍경에 대한 재현이 심도 있게 진행되지 않은 반면 <서행록>은 병렬적 통사구조를 기반으로 한 세밀한 묘사를 확인할 수 있다. 특히 작품의 후반부에 첨부된 筆寫記 보면 당시의 독자들에게 <서행록>은 청나라에 ‘가지 않아도 자세히 볼’수 있게 해주는 ‘만물도’의 역할을 담당했음을 알 수 있다. 이처럼 사행가사 작품들은 가사 문학만의 일정한 율격과 통사 구조를 기반으로 타국의 사회와 문화를 성찰적·심미적으로 재현하고 있는 동시에 당대인들의 삶과 사유를 보다 폭넓게 조망케 하는 텍스트라는 점에서 지속적인 연구가 필요하다. This study is aimed at examining Japan and China in the 18th and 19th centuries as depicted in two representative works of travel gasa (an old form of Korean verse) of the late Joseon period, Kim In-gyeom's < Ildong jangyuga(l764) > and Kim Ji-su's < Seohaengrok(1866) >, and observing the works' meanings in terms of culture. These are works of travel gasa created after the authors, as envoys, visited Japan and China respectively. The works have attracted researchers’ attention from early on due to their outstanding length and literary achievements. This study, based on the outcomes of previous studies, tried to newly examine Japan and China depicted in the two works through the perspective of cultural history, drawing attention to relations with recent discourses on East Asia < Ildongjangyuga > shows the atmosphere of social and cultural changes both in Chosun and Japan in the 18th century and further describes the thinking process of an intellectual, who tried to establish Chosun identity reacting to the changing flow and detect the changes to Japanese art and science. Therefore, it holds significant value as a literary and historical work And Kim in his < Seohaengrok > closely described the landscape of Qing Dynasty like drawing a picture based on his huge interest in the country’s natural landscape and everyday things. The large volume of his work allowed him to express Chosun's reconsideration and ambition for the northern territories, introduce cultural encounters and exchanges with Western people, include conversations by writing with the literary men of Qing Dynasty, and talk about other diverse experiences. As it's been examined earlier, travel gasas are very significant in that they embodied the parts not covered by of official records of the diplomatic missions, offered aesthetic embodiments in the blending process of the creative subject's perceptions and the things he's experiencing, and allowed the writers to reflect upon their nation and build its identity anew based on the perceptions of foreign nations.

Development of Signal Amplified Riboswitch-based Coenzyme B12 Sensor by Toehold Switches Modulator

Yunhee HWANG,Seong Gyeong KIM,Sungho JANG,Jongmin KIM,Gyoo Yeol JUNG 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4

A Pilot Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of System-Wide Positive Behavior Support for Institutionalized Orphans in South Korea

Yunhee Kim,Youngsun Park 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.12

Objective In South Korea, the placement of orphans in institutions is still common, despite evidence of its adverse influence on children’s psychological, emotional, physical, and cognitive development. In this preliminary study, we evaluate whether system-wide positive behavior support (SWPBS) is effective for decreasing externalizing problems in institutionalized children. Methods SWPBS was provided for one month to 36 school-aged boys who had lived in an orphanage for an average of 8.72 years (SD=2.52), along with their 10 caregivers. Direct observation of the frequency of target behaviors in the participating children, caregivers’ ratings of the severity of children’s problematic behaviors, self-reported caregiving stress (i.e., Parenting Stress Scale), and intervention fidelity were dependent variables. Results After receiving SWPBS, the frequency of problematic behaviors in the participating children showed a mean decrease of 73.6%. The caregivers also reported seeing a decrease in the severity of their children’s problematic behaviors after SWPBS compared to before. Conclusion SWPBS may be a promising intervention to decrease externalizing behaviors in school-aged children who have been living in institutions for a long time and have shown mental health issues.

Enhancing Signal Amplification of Hybrid Inputs in Riboswitch-based Systems Using Modular and Titratable Toehold Switches

Yunhee HWANG,Seong Gyeong KIM,Sungho Jang JANG,Jongmin Kim KIM,Gyoo Yeol JUNG 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

Analysis of Characteristics of Thoracic Injury Patients and Nursing Interventions using Nursing Intervention Classification by Emergency Room Type

Kim Kiung,Kim Yunhee 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze the content of nursing interventions applied to patients with thoracic injury who visited trauma emergency room (TER) or emergency room (ER). Method(s): Of the 3,938 trauma patients admitted to this hospital between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, we enrolled 320 adult patients with thoracic injury (94 to TER, 226 to ER) who met the inclusion criteria. The patients’ data acquired from electronic medical record were analyzed their general and clinical characteristics of the subjects, and nursing interventions Result(s): While there was no statistical difference of injury mechanism between thoracic injury patients who visited TER and ER, there was difference in length of stay (p<.001), treatment outcome (p<.001), and level of consciousness (p<.001). Average thoracic AIS (Abbreviated Injury Scale) score and average ISS (Injury Severity Score) of thoracic injury patients who visited TER were 3.13 and 13.54, respectively, which were higher than that of the patients who visited ER with statistical difference (p<.001). Numbers of nursing actions applied on were 4,819 (TER) and 3,944 (ER), which were classified into 5 domains, 18 classes, 56 interventions. The most domains of interventions carried out in both emergency rooms were Physiological: basic, and Physiological: complex. Classes carried out more in TER included Elimination management, Drug management, and Skin/Wound management, while Crisis management and Thermoregulation were not carried out in ER. The most interventions carried out in both emergency rooms were vital signs, pain management, and teaching. On average, 16 more types of interventions were carried out in TER than ER. Conclusion(s): This study demonstrated characteristics of thoracic injury patients and nursing interventions by emergency room type. Based on these results, standardized nursing interventions are expected to be applied to thoracic injury patients visiting TER and ER.

The Incidence and Risk Factors for Lumbar or Sciatic Scoliosis in Lumbar Disc Herniation and the Outcomes after Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy

Kim, Ranhee,Kim, Rae Hyung,Kim, Chi Heon,Choi, Yunhee,Hong, Hyun Sook,Park, Sung Bae,Yang, Seung Heon,Kim, Sung-Mi,Chung, Chun Kee AMERICAN SOCIETY OF INTERVENTIONAL PAIN PHYSICIANS 2015 Pain physician Vol.18 No.6

Influencing Factors on COVID-19 Preventive Behavior in College students : An Ecological Perspective

Yunhee Kim,Hyeseung Kim 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting to the COVID-19 preventive behavior in college students based on ecological perspectives, and provide basic data for the development of preventive programs to improve COVID-19 preventive behavior. Method(s): The study recruited a total of 221 college students, through an online survey through three online communities which are mostly used by college students. The data were collected from July 24 to August 9, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS 25.0 version program. Result(s): There was a statistically significant difference in COVID-19 preventive behavior depending on their age(t=3.06, p=.003) and their experience in self quarantined(t=3.53, p=.028) among the general characteristics of the subjects. COVID-19 preventive behavior showed a statistically significant positive correlation with perceived susceptibility(r=.525, p<.001), perceived severity(r=.481, p<.001), perceived benefits(r=.526, p<.001), subjective norms(r=.608, p<.001), and sense of community(r=.302, p<.001). In addition, perceived barriers was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with COVID-19 preventive behavior(r=-.172, p=0.010). In hierarchical multiple regression, all of 3 models were examined by intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational factors in ecological model. As a result, perceived susceptibility(β=.208, p=.003), perceived benefits(β=.178, p=.007), subjective norms(β=.309, p<.001) were found to have a significant association with the COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students. These variables explained the 44.6% variance in COVID-19 preventive behavior of college students(F=23.18, p<.001). Conclusion(s): COVID-19 preventive behavior of college students were associated with perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to develop a COVID-19 preventive program to improve the COVID-19 preventive behavior of college students.

Increased Volume of Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Changes in Surgical Methods and Outcomes: A Nationwide Cohort Study with a 5-Year Follow-Up

Kim, Chi Heon,Chung, Chun Kee,Kim, Myo Jeong,Choi, Yunhee,Kim, Min-Jung,Shin, Sukyoun,Jung, Jong-Myung,Hwang, Sung Hwan,Yang, Seung Heon,Park, Sung Bae,Lee, Jun Ho Elsevier 2018 World neurosurgery Vol.119 No.-

<P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>Examining spine surgery patterns over time is crucial to provide insights into variations and changes in clinical decision making. Changes in the number of surgeries, surgical methods, reoperation rates, and cost-effectiveness were analyzed for all patients who underwent surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis without spondylolisthesis in 2003 (2003 cohort) and 2008 (2008 cohort).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The national health insurance database was used to create the 2003 cohort (n = 10,990) and 2008 cohort (n = 27,942). The surgical methods were classified into decompression and fusion surgery. The cumulative reoperation probability between those surgeries was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method in the 2003 cohort and 2008 cohort. Comparison of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios showed the additional direct cost of a 1% change in the reoperation probability.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The surgical volume increased 2.54-fold in the 2008 cohort. The age-adjusted number of surgeries per 1 million people increased 2.6-fold (from 154 in the 2003 cohort to 399 in the 2008 cohort) in aged patients and 1.9-fold (from 154 in the 2003 cohort to 291 in the 2008 cohort) in patients 20–59 years old in the 2008 cohort. The proportion of fusion surgeries increased from 20.3% in the 2003 cohort to 37.0% in the 2008 cohort. In total, the 5-year reoperation probabilities increased from 8.1% in the 2003 cohort to 11.2% in the 2008 cohort. Fusion decreased the reoperation probability by 1% at the cost of 1,711 U.S. dollars.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The increased numbers of spinal surgeries, fusion surgeries, and surgeries in older patients in a recent cohort were noteworthy. However, the increased surgical volume and fusion surgeries did not reduce the reoperation rate.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Examining patterns of spine surgery over time is crucial. </LI> <LI> The national health insurance database was analyzed. </LI> <LI> Increased surgical volume and fusion surgeries failed to reduce the reoperation. </LI> </UL> </P>

Psychogenic coma after general anesthesia with remimazolam and remifentanil – a case report

Kim Song Hyun,Kim Kye-Min,Lim Yunhee,유병훈,Cho Joonho,전인정 대한마취통증의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.75 No.5

Background: Delayed emergence from general anesthesia is associated with life-threatening conditions with pharmacological, neurological, metabolic, and rarely, psychiatric causes. This case report was presented to report psychogenic coma after recovery from anesthesia with remimazolam and remifentanil. Case: An elderly woman was unresponsive after recovery from anesthesia with remimazolam and remifentanil. Physical examination, laboratory testing, and radiographic imaging did not reveal any obvious organic causes. Pharmacological or metabolic abnormalities were not found. Absence of those causes strongly suggests that prolonged unconsciousness is related to psychiatric origin. The patient spontaneously regained consciousness after 48 h without any neurological complications. Conclusions: Anesthesiologists should be aware of the possibility of psychogenic coma for patients with unexplained delay in emergence from anesthesia after the exclusion of other causes.

Trend Analysis of Korea and Africa’s Ties

KIM Yunhee 한국글로벌문화학회 2020 글로벌문화연구 Vol.11 No.2

본 연구는 한국의 대 아프리카 관계 및 동향에 대한 분석이다. 지난 1960년대부터 한국과 아프리카의 관계가 시작된 이래 아프리카와의 협력 분야는 시간이 지날수록 다층적으로 변화하고 있다. 최근 대한민국 정부는 국제무대에서의 아프리카의 중요성을 새롭게 인식하였을 뿐만이 아니라, 아프리카 국가들과의 경제 관계를 공고히하기 위해, 아프리카 국가들의 수장들이나 정부 인사들 그리고 아프리카연합(African Union)을 포함한 정부 간 기구들과 다자간 협력을 도모하고 있다. 이뿐만이 아니라, 한국은 다양한 소프트파워를 이용하여 아프리카 국민과의 소통도 꾸준히 이어나가고 있다. 장래의 대아프리카 전략 방향은 상기의 노력들을 바탕으로 한국은 아프리카와의 관계를 단지 경제적 부분의 성과만 집중하는 것에서 벗어나, 정치, 사회, 문화 등 보다 폭넓은 포괄적인 관계 증진을 목표로 해야 할 것이다. 이를 통해 한국과 아프리카의 관계가 상호발전과 상생협력으로 매김하며 동시에 굳건한 협력관계를 구축할 수 있을 것이다. The paper addresses trend analysis of Korea and Africa’s ties. Korea’s cooperation field with Africa has been diversifying since Korea established relations with Africa back in the 1960s. The Korean government recently recognized the significance of Africa on the global stage, moreover seeking multilateral cooperation with heads of state, governmental personnel, and intergovernmental organizations, including the African Union (AU), for cementing ties with African countries. Korea also utilized diverse soft power to communicate African publics. Drawing on the efforts, Korea needs to focus on promoting comprehensive relations by using politics, social, and culture with African countries rather than only concentrating on economic achievement. The relations between Korea and Africa, thus, will be positioned as mutual development and win-win cooperation as well as establishing firm cooperative ties.