Dendritic Cell Dysfunction in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease

Kim, Ji Ung,Kim, Miyeon,Kim, Sinae,Nguyen, Tam Thanh,Kim, Eunhye,Lee, Siyoung,Kim, Soohyun,Kim, Hyunwoo 한국조명·전기설비학회 2017 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol. No.

<P>End-stage renal disease (ESRD) with immune disorder involves complex interactions between the innate and adaptive immune responses. ESRD is associated with various alterations in immune function such as a reduction in polymorphonuclear leukocyte bactericidal activity, a suppression of lymphocyte proliferative response to stimuli, and a malfunction of cell-mediated immunity at the molecular level. ESRD also increases patients' propensity for infections and malignancies as well as causing a diminished response to vaccination. Several factors influence the immunodeficiency in patients with ESRD, including uremic toxins, malnutrition, chronic inflammation, and the therapeutic dialysis modality. The alteration of T-cell function in ESRD has been considered to be a major factor underlying the impaired adaptive cellular immunity in these patients. However, cumulative evidence has suggested that the immune defect in ESRD can be caused by an Ag-presenting dendritic cell (DC) dysfunction in addition to a T-cell defect. It has been reported that ESRD has a deleterious effect on DCs both in terms of their number and function, although the precise mechanism by which DC function becomes altered in these patients is unclear. In this review, we discuss the effects of ESRD on the number and function of DCs and propose a possible molecular mechanism for DC dysfunction. We also address therapeutic approaches to improve immune function by optimally activating DCs in patients with ESRD.</P>

The Effect of Macrolide Therapy on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Ureaplasma-Positive Very Low Birth Weight Infants

( Soohyun Kim ),( Chae Young Kim ),( Euiseok Jung ),( Heeyoung Kim ),( Woo Sun Song ),( Byong Sop Lee ),( Ellen Ai-rhan Kim ),( Ki-soo Kim ) 대한주산의학회 2018 Perinatology Vol.29 No.3

Objective: Ureaplasma has been demonstrated the cause of short and long-term morbidities of preterm infants, especially such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This study aims to evaluate the influence of Ureaplasma on neonatal morbidities and the effect of macrolide treatment in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of clinical records of VLBW infants born between 2015 and 2016. Their endotracheal aspirate and gastric juice were obtained immediately after birth and tested for Ureaplasma. Therapeutic macrolides were administered according to the clinical judgment, not routinely, in Ureaplasma-positive infants. Neonatal morbidities were compared using individual matching analysis between Ureaplasma-positive and negative groups, and with macrolides administration. Results: A total of 144 infants with the mean (±standard deviation) gestational age of 28⁺³ (±3⁺³) weeks and birth weight of 1,051.9 (±290.0) g were included, and 30 (20.8%) were Ureaplasma-positive. Ureaplasma-positive group was associated with higher incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS, P=0.039) and severe neurologic injury (SNI; intraventricular hemorrhage ≥grade 3 or periventricular leukomalacia, P=0.013). However, Ureaplasma-positive group was not associated with the risk of BPD (P=0.706). In the subgroup analysis for Ureaplasma-positive infants, there was no difference in the incidence of morbidities according to the macrolides administration. Conclusion: Although Ureaplasma has no independent role in the development of BPD, Ureaplasma- positive VLBW infants were more likely to have RDS and SNI. The macrolides administered in Ureaplasma-positive was not effective to reduce neonatal morbidities.

Species Specific Antiviral Activity of Porcine Interferon-α8 (IFNα8)

Kim, Eunhye,Jhun, Hyunjhung,Kim, Joohee,Park, Unjoo,Jo, Seunghyun,Kwak, Areum,Kim, Sinae,Nguyen, Tam T.,Kang, Yongsun,Choi, Insoo,Lee, Joongbok,Kim, Heijun,Kim, Younghyun,Lee, Siyoung,Kim, Soohyun 한국조명·전기설비학회 2017 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol. No.

<P>Interferons (IFNs) have been known as antiviral genes and they are classified by type 1, type 2, and type 3 IFN. The type 1 IFN consists of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNτ, and IFNω whereas the type 2 IFN consists of only IFNγ, which is a key cytokine driving T helper cell type 1 immunity. IFNλ belongs to the type 3 IFN, which is also known as IL-28 and IL-29 possessing antiviral activities. Type 1 IFN is produced by viral infection whereas type 2 IFN is induced by mitogenic or antigenic T-cell stimuli. The IFNτ of bovine was first discovered in an ungulate ruminant recognition hormone. IFNτ belongs to the type 1 IFN with the common feature of type 1 IFN such as antiviral activity. IFNs have been mostly studied for basic research and clinical usages therefore there was no effort to investigate IFNs in industrial animals. Here we cloned porcine IFNα8 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Korean domestic pig (<I>Sus scrofa domestica</I>). The newly cloned IFNα8 amino acid sequence from Korean domestic pig shares 98.4% identity with the known porcine IFNα8 in databank. The recombinant porcine IFNα8 showed potent antiviral activity and protected bovine Madin-Darby bovine kidney epithelial (MDBK) cells from the cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus, but it failed to protect human Wistar Institute Susan Hayflick (WISH) cells and canine Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial-like (MDCK) cells. The present study demonstrates species specific antiviral activity of porcine IFNα8.</P>

Fluorescence Enhancement from Nitro-Compound-Sensitive Bacteria within Spherical Hydrogel Scaffolds

Kim, Soohyun,Kim, Hyunji,Qiao, Tian,Cha, Chaenyung,Lee, Sung Kuk,Lee, Kangseok,Ro, Hyun Ji,Kim, Youngkyun,Lee, Wonmok,Lee, Hyunjung American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.15

<P>For the safety of both production and life, it is a very significant issue to detect explosive nitro compounds in a remote way or over a long distance. Here, we report that nitro compounds were detected by the bacterial sensor based on hydrogel microbeads as a platform. Green fluorescent protein-producing <I>Escherichia coli</I>, which was genetically engineered to be sensitive to nitro compounds, was loaded within poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)]-based hydrogel beads, in which fluorescent signals from bacteria were concentrated and strong enough to be easily detected. For efficient loading of negatively charged bacteria, the surface charge of poly(HEMA)-based beads was controlled by copolymerization with 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MAETC) as a cationic monomer. With the addition of MAETC, the cell affinity was nine times enhanced by the interaction between the positively charged poly(HEMA-<I>co</I>-MAETC) beads and negatively charged bacteria. The increased cell affinity resulted in an enhancement of a sensing signal. After exposure to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, a typical explosive nitro compound, the fluorescence intensity of bacterial sensors using poly(HEMA-<I>co</I>-MAETC) beads having 80 wt % MAETC was five times increased compared to those based on poly(HEMA) beads. This amplification of the fluorescent signal enables easier detection of explosives efficiently by a remote detection, even over a long distance.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

A hydrocarbon/Nafion bilayer membrane with a mechanical nano-fastener for vanadium redox flow batteries

Kim, Soohyun,Yuk, Seongmin,Kim, Hyun Gyu,Choi, Chanyong,Kim, Riyul,Lee, Jang Yong,Hong, Young Taik,Kim, Hee-Tak The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.5 No.33

<▼1><P>A hydrocarbon/Nafion bilayer membrane is fabricated using a three-dimensionally interlocked interfacial layer for improved cycling durability of VRFBs.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Hydrocarbon (HC) membranes have not been successfully employed for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) due to their severe chemical degradation by highly oxidative VO2<SUP>+</SUP> ions in the positive electrolyte. Protective coating of chemically stable Nafion ionomers on HC membranes can retard the degradation, but how to achieve strong interfacial adhesion of the two layers without losing proton conductivity presents a challenge. Here, we report a sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES)/Nafion bilayer membrane (S/N membrane), the interface of which is mechanically fastened by a three-dimensionally interlocked interfacial layer (3-D IIL). The 3-D IIL, which features a ball and socket joint structure, strongly binds the two chemically dissimilar membranes and thus does not generate additional interfacial resistance for proton conduction. As a result, the VRFB with the S/N membrane achieves higher coulombic and energy efficiencies than that with Nafion 115. Moreover, it can operate more than 200 cycles in contrast to a sudden membrane failure after 110 cycles for the cell with a pristine SPAES membrane, demonstrating the efficacy of this approach.</P></▼2>

Propylene carbonate-derived size modulation of water cluster in pore-filled Nafion/polypropylene composite membrane for the use in vanadium redox flow batteries

Kim, Hyun Gyu,Kim, Riyul,Kim, Soohyun,Choi, Chanyong,Kim, Bugi,Guim, Hwanuk,Kim, Hee-Tak Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.60 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There is an increasing need to develop an alternative to Nafion membrane in order to reduce the cost of vanadium redox flow batteries. Pore-filled composite membranes based on Nafion is one way to reduce the amount of costly material, however its chronic problem is low conductivity and water uptake ability. We suggest a novel approach to enhance the conductivity and water uptake by incorporating propylene carbonate to modulate water channel morphologies in Nafion directly. We present a pore-filled type Nafion composite membrane to prove the effect of PC addition. Small-angle X-ray scattering and simulation results are suggested for further understanding.</P>

Determination of optimal age for single vaccination of growing pigs with foot-and-mouth disease bivalent vaccine in South Korea

KIM, Ah-Young,TARK, Dongseob,KIM, Hyejin,KIM, Jae-Seok,LEE, Jung-Min,KWON, Minhee,BAE, Soohyun,KIM, Byounghan,KO, Young-Joon JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2017 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.79 No.11

<P>In South Korea, pigs were vaccinated once between 8 and 12 weeks of age because of the injection-site granulomas. Therefore this study was performed to determine the optimal age for single vaccination of growing pigs with the currently used type O FMD vaccine. With 498 pigs divided into four groups, seroprevalence of the antibody was analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although double vaccination is necessary to completely protect growing pigs from FMD virus infection with the current vaccine, the age of 8 weeks can be considered as the optimal age for piglet vaccination if the booster injection is unavailable.</P>

Ag Contact Properties According to the Front Grid Width and Firing Temperature for Silicon Solar Cells

Kim, Seongtak,Park, Sungeun,Kim, Young Do,Bae, Soohyun,Boo, Hyunpil,Kim, Hyunho,Lee, Kyung Dong,Tark, Sung Ju,Kim, Donghwan American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.10

<P> The effect of peak firing temperature and grid width on the contact properties between Ag metal and silicon (n<SUP>+</SUP> emitter) was investigated for screen-printed silicon solar cells. We confirmed the factors that control the specific contact resistance as follows: (1) the Ag coverage fraction on the silicon surface, d(2) the thickness of the glass layer and (3) the etching depth on the n<SUP>+</SUP> emitter region. The lowest specific contact resistance (8.27 mΩ·cm<SUP>2</SUP>) was obtained at the optimum firing temperature (720 °C). We also found that the grid width affected the contact quality of Ag paste because the contact width related to the absorbed heat of samples in RTP system. For this reason, when the grid width was further reduced, meaning more heat absorption, more Ag crystallites grew and the glass layer thickened. Light I?V results of a 6-inch silicon solar cell with minimum busbar width were similar to the PC1D simulation results. The efficiency was improved by 0.2% with the reduction of the busbar width. </P>

A Brief Depression and Anxiety Rating Scale for Sexual Violence Victims

Soohyun Chae,Jiyoon Shin,Dajung Ji,Jae-Won Choi,Ju-Yeon Lee,Minha Hong,Tae-Won Park,Kyoung Min Kim,Sunhwa Lee,Soo Yeon Kim,Kihyun Kim,Jae-Won Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.2

Objective This study aimed to develop a brief self-report measure of depressive and anxiety symptoms in victims of sexual violence. Methods The sample, which consisted of 215 victims and 255 healthy controls, was recruited between December 2016 and November 2018 from eight Sunflower Centers. Eligible items were selected from existing scales of depression (CES-DC and CES-D) and anxiety (SAI-C and BAI) symptoms by item-total correlation coefficients and item response theory (IRT) analysis. Internal consistency coefficients were computed and the receiver operating characteristics curve was inspected to assess the validity of the brief scale and determine optimal cutoff scores. Results The brief scales showed high internal consistency across all age groups. The optimal cutoff score of brief depression scale was 1.5 for children, 2.5 for adolescents, and 2.5 for the adults. That of brief anxiety scale was 8.5, 6.5, and 3.5, respectively. Conclusion The results underscore the need for age-appropriate screening measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms in victims of sexual violence.

Pore-Size-Tuned Graphene Oxide Frameworks as Ion-Selective and Protective Layers on Hydrocarbon Membranes for Vanadium Redox-Flow Batteries

Kim, Soohyun,Choi, Junghoon,Choi, Chanyong,Heo, Jiyun,Kim, Dae Woo,Lee, Jang Yong,Hong, Young Taik,Jung, Hee-Tae,Kim, Hee-Tak American Chemical Society 2018 NANO LETTERS Vol.18 No.6

<P>The laminated structure of graphene oxide (GO) membranes provides exceptional ion-separation properties due to the regular interlayer spacing (<I>d</I>) between laminate layers. However, a larger effective pore size of the laminate immersed in water (∼11.1 Å) than the hydrated diameter of vanadium ions (>6.0 Å) prevents its use in vanadium redox-flow batteries (VRFB). In this work, we report an ion-selective graphene oxide framework (GOF) with a <I>d</I> tuned by cross-linking the GO nanosheets. Its effective pore size (∼5.9 Å) excludes vanadium ions by size but allows proton conduction. The GOF membrane is employed as a protective layer to address the poor chemical stability of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) membranes against VO<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>+</SUP> in VRFB. By effectively blocking vanadium ions, the GOF/SPAES membrane exhibits vanadium-ion permeability 4.2 times lower and a durability 5 times longer than that of the pristine SPAES membrane. Moreover, the VRFB with the GOF/SPAES membrane achieves an energy efficiency of 89% at 80 mA cm<SUP>-2</SUP> and a capacity retention of 88% even after 400 cycles, far exceeding results for Nafion 115 and demonstrating its practical applicability for VRFB.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>