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강은실(Kang Eun-Sil),김숙자(Kim Sook-Ja),강성년(Kang Sung-Nyun),최성은(Choi Sung-Eun) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2008 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-
The purpose of this study was to describe the spiritual well-being of nursing students to provide a basic data for the development the curriculum of Spiritual Nursing Care in nursing collages. The subjects for this study were consist of 58 nursing students in K University of Pusan city in Korea. All of them were educated about Spiritual Nursing Care for 100 minutes in a week, during totally 8 weeks in one semester. The data were collected during 7days from July 11 to July 18,2004 by using structured questionnaire method. The measurement of the spiritual well-being was performed with 6 points-index which is composed of 21 items and is modified by Sang-Soon Choi(1990)from Palau tzian & Ellison(1983) s. Its high score means that the degree of spiritual well-being of the subject is high. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS WIN 10.1 program according to the purpose of this study. The general characteristics of the subjects were analyzed by calculating the real quantity and the percentage, and the spiritual well-being scores were identified through calculating the mean value of individual domain. The significant difference of the general characteristics with the spiritual well-being was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA, Scheffe s test. The results of this study were as follow; 1.The spiritual well-being of the subjects The average value for the spiritual well-being of the subjects was 97.78(SD=±10.53) among the possible ranges of 21-126. The mean value of all items was 4.66(SD=±0.502) and high relatively. 2. The spiritual well-being according to general characteristics of subjects The analysis of the spiritual well-being according to general characteristics of the subjects showed statistically significant difference on the degree of life satisfaction in faith(F=4.327, P= .004),the degree of recognition about God s initiation in their daily life(F=3.933, P= .013),the degree of satisfaction about Nursing as their major(F=6.608, P= .000), their assurance of salvation(t=4.557,P= .037). among the personal religious actions, praising(F=3.32,p= .017), The group of nursing students responded that they were satisfied in their faith life, always God has the initiative in their daily lives personally, they were satisfied about Nursing as their major very much, and they have their assurance of salvation showed the highest degree of the spiritual well-being than any other group. In conclusion, in this study we observed that the spiritual well-being of nursing students was high relatively. The general characteristics of subjects were related to the spiritual well-being of them were the degree of satisfaction in their faith lives,their recognition about God s initiation in their daily life, their satisfaction about Nursing as their major, among the personal religious actions, regular praising and their assurance of salvation. Therefore this study s results can be used for developing a spiritual nursing education and program to strengthen nursing student s spirituality to practice in spiritual nursing care.
An Implementation of the Robust Inviscid Wall Boundary Condition in High-Speed Flow Calculations
Kim, Moon-Sang,Jeon, Byung-Woo,Kim, Yong-Nyun,Kwon, Hyeok-Bin,Lee, Dong-Ho The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2001 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.15 No.5
Boundary condition is one of the major factors to influence the numerical stability and solution accuracy in numerical analysis. One of the most important physical boundary conditions in the flowfield analysis is the wall boundary condition imposed on the body surface. To solve a two-dimensional Euler equation, totally four numerical wall boundary conditions should be prescribed. Two of them are supplied by the flow tangency condition. The other two conditions, therefore, should be prepared additionally in a suitable way. In this paper, four different sets of wall boundary conditions are proposed and then applied to solve high-speed flowfields around a quarter circle geometry. A two-dimensional compressible Euler solver is prepared based on the finite volume method. This solver hires three different upwind schemes; Steger-Warmings flux vector splitting, Roes flux difference splitting, and Lious advection upstream splitting method. It is found that the way to specify the additional numerical wall boundary conditions strongly affects the overall stability and accuracy of the upwind schemes in high-speed flow calculation. The optimal wall boundary conditions should be also chosen very carefully depending on the numerical schemes used to solve the problem.
Could cluster of risk factors predict clinical outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction?
( Sang Mi Park ),( Hong Nyun Kim ),( Se Yong Jang ),( Myung Hwan Bae ),( Dong Heon Yang ),( Hun Sik Park ),( Yongkeun Cho ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Jang Hoon Lee ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Purpose: Conventional risk factors are differently contributed to short-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); hypertension and diabetes increase adverse outcome, whereas hyperlipidemia, smoking, and obesity paradoxically decrease adverse outcome of post-MI patients. The aim of this study is to assess whether cluster of conventional risk factors, PARADOCS (Pressure of ARtery Abnormality, Diabetes, Obesity, Cholesterol, Smoking) score, would improve the ability to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with AMI. Methods: Between November 2005 and July 2011, 24,020 patients (17,232 men; mean age=63.0±12.8) with AMI were analyzed from Korean AMI registry. PARADOCS score was calculated as follows; [number of non-paradoxical risk factors (NRF) -number of paradoxical risk factors (PRF)]+3 in which non-paradoxical risk factors are hypertension and diabetes, and paradoxical risk factors are the rest. The 1-year MACEs were defined as death and non-fatal MI. Results: NRF including hypertension and diabetes were present in 49.6% and 27.0%, whereas PRF including hyperlipidemia, smoking, and obesity were present in 12.3%, 43.0%, and 34.6%, respectively. During the follow-up, 1,409 (5.9%) MACEs occurred. PARADOCS score was significantly higher in patients with 1-year MACEs (3.38±1.03 versus 2.81±1.08, p<0.001). In Cox proportional hazards model, PARADOCS score was an independent predictor of 1-year MACEs (hazards ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.18-1.34; p<0.001) after adjusting for confounding variables. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the PARADOCS score; PARADOCSLOW (0-1, n=2,446), PARADOCSMID (2-3, n=14,594), and PARADOCSHIGH (4-5, n= 6,980). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that there were significant differences in the 1-year MACEs among three groups including 3.5% in PARADOCSLOW, 8.5% in PARADOCSMID, and 16.4% in PARADOCSHIGH, respectively (long-rank p<0.001). Conclusions: In post-MI patients, conventional risk factors are differently associated with short-term prognosis, and score of these risk factors, PARADOCS score, can provide useful prognostic information to clinicians.
Two New Records of Crangonid Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) in Korean Waters
Kim, Jung-Nyun,Choi, Jung-Hwa,Choi, Kwang-Ho,Kim, Sung-Tae,Chang, Dae-Soo The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology 2008 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.24 No.3
Two crangonid shrimps, Paracrangon abei Kubo, 1937 and Pontocaris sibogae (De Man, 1918), collected from the northeastern and southeastern waters of Jeju Island, are newly recorded into the Korean fauna. The former is the second species and the latter is the only species of each genus recorded in Korea. Morphological and distributional accounts of these two species are briefly discussed.
Comparison of Outcomes between STEMI and NSTEMI patients with Totally Occluded IRA (초)
( Sang Woong Choi ),( Yun Kyeong Cho ),( Jae Pil Lee ),( Ji Hyun Sohn ),( Hyun Ok Cho ),( Hyoung Seob Park ),( Hyuck Jun Yoon ),( Hyung Seop Kim ),( Chang Wook Nam ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( Yoon Nyun Kim ) 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Kim, Seung Up,Jang, Hui Won,Cheong, Jae Youn,Kim, Ja Kyung,Lee, Myung Hee,Kim, Dong Joon,Yang, Jin Mo,Cho, Sung Won,Lee, Kwan Sik,Choi, Eun Hee,Park, Young Nyun,Han, Kwang‐,Hyub Blackwell Publishing Asia 2011 Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol.26 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aim: </B> We investigated the accuracy of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in a multicenter, prospective study in South Korea.</P><P><B>Methods: </B> Between June 2005 and July 2009, 91 CHC patients without a previous history of antiviral treatment, clinical evidences of cirrhosis, coinfection with other viruses, and heavy alcohol consumption and with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 5x upper limit of normal, total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 mg/dL, sufficient liver biopsy quality (≥ 15 mm and more than six portal tracts), interquartile range to median liver stiffness (LS) value ratio ≤ 0.21, and more than 10 valid measurements, were recruited. The Batts and Ludwig scoring system was used for histologic assessment. Age–platelet index (API), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)–to–platelet ratio index (APRI), and age–spleen–platelet ratio index (ASPRI) were calculated. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the performance of LSM and other noninvasive models.</P><P><B>Results: </B> The mean age was 47.9 years, and the mean LS value was 7.7 kPa (44 men and 47 women). LS value was highly correlated to the fibrosis stages (<I>r</I> = 0.835, <I>P</I> < 0.001). The AUROCs of LSM were 0.909 for ≥ F2, 0.993 for ≥ F3, and 0.970 for F = 4 and were superior to those of API (0.72, 0.858, and 0.948, respectively), APRI (0.780, 0.887, and 0.904, respectively), and ASPRI (0.713, 0.862, and 0.957, respectively). The optimal cutoff LS values were 6.2 kPa for ≥ F2, 7.7 kPa for ≥ F3, and 11.0 kPa for F = 4.</P><P><B>Conclusions: </B> Our data suggest that LSM can accurately assess liver fibrosis in patients with CHC and be applied in South Korea.</P>
Kim, Minah,Kim, Sung Nyun,Lee, Suji,Byun, Min Soo,Shin, Kyung Soon,Park, Hye Youn,Jang, Joon Hwan,Kwon, Jun Soo Elsevier 2014 Psychiatry research, Neuroimaging Vol.222 No.1
The aim of this study is to investigate whether mismatch negativity (MMN) is associated with functional status or is a state independent trait for schizophrenia. We assessed MMN in 26 patients with schizophrenia, 20 healthy subjects with high genetic loading, and 48 healthy controls. Repeated measures analysis of variance and Pearson's correlations were used to test the hypothesis that MMN is not state independent, We found a significant main effect of group, indicating differences in the peak amplitudes of the MMN among the three groups. Post hoc analyses revealed that schizophrenia patients showed a significant reduction in the peak amplitude of MMN, but subjects at high genetic risk and healthy controls did not. Additionally, significant correlations between Global Assessment of Functioning scores and MMN peak amplitude at Fe and Cz wore found in patients with schizophrenia. Those findings suggest that MMN may reflect current functional status rather than a genetic risk for schizophrenia. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.