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Kim Jaiyong,김동욱,김광일,Kim Hong Bin,Kim Jong-Hun,Lee Yong-Gab,변경향,정해관,Korean Society of Hypertension 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.25
Background: There is a controversy whether it is safe to continue renin-angiotensin system blockers in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We analyzed big data to investigate whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin II receptor blockers have any significant effect on the risk of COVID-19. Population-based cohort study was conducted based on the prescription data from nationwide health insurance records. Methods: We investigated the 1,374,381 residents aged ≥ 40 years living in Daegu, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak, between February and March 2020. Prescriptions of antihypertensive medication during the year before the outbreak were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service registry. Medications were categorized by types and stratified by the medication possession ratios (MPRs) of antihypertensive medications after controlling for the potential confounders. The risk of COVID-19 was estimated using a difference in difference analysis. Results: Females, older individuals, low-income earners, and recently hospitalized patients had a higher risk of infection. Patients with higher MPRs of antihypertensive medications had a consistently lower risk of COVID-19 than those with lower MPRs of antihypertensive medications and non-users. Among patients who showed complete compliance, there was a significantly lower risk of COVID-19 for those prescribed angiotensin II receptor blockers (relative risk [RR], 0.751; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.587–0.960) or calcium channel blockers (RR, 0.768; 95% CI, 0.601–0.980). Conclusion: Renin-angiotensin system blockers or other antihypertensive medications do not increase the risk of COVID-19. Patients should not stop antihypertensive medications, including renin-angiotensin system blockers, because of concerns of COVID-19.
Air pollution, socioeconomic position, and emergency hospital visits for asthma in Seoul, Korea.
Kim, Sun-Young,O'Neill, Marie S,Lee, Jong-Tae,Cho, Youngtae,Kim, Jaiyong,Kim, Ho Springer-Verlag 2007 INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRON Vol.80 No.8
<P>Some epidemiological literature has observed that air pollution effects on health differed across regional or individual socioeconomic position. This study evaluated whether regional and individual socioeconomic position, as indicated by health insurance premiums, modified the effect of air pollution on hospital visits for asthma.</P>
Kim, Jinhwan,Kim, Kyungmin,Lee, Jaiyong IEEE 2017 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.66 No.1
<P>Cooperative hybrid automatic retransmission request (C-HARQ) is a simple and effective method for wireless communication. Since its performance largely depends on the selection of a relevant relay, the design of an appropriate relay selection scheme is very important. Although various works have been performed on this topic, most of them did not take into account both the “<B><I>not memoryless</I></B>” and multiple retransmission characteristics of C-HARQ, resulting in the loss of achievable performance. In this paper, we propose a novel cooperative relay selection scheme in a distributed manner called transmission number relaying (TNR) to simultaneously reduce the outage probability and increase the energy efficiency by utilizing the features of C-HARQ. The TNR scheme determines a single relay based on the estimated number of transmissions, which is calculated from the channel condition. Using these numbers instead of just the channel condition improves the outage probability and reduces the total consumed energy. The exact probability of the number of transmissions at each relay and the outage probability are analyzed, and the numerical results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the outage probability and reduces the total consumed energy. In addition, when the number of available relays is small, the proposed scheme achieves high energy efficiency.</P>
개인 건강정보의 일차적 활용과 이차적 활용 : 사회적 맥락과 거버넌스 확립 문제
김재용(Jaiyong Kim) 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2020 Asia Pacific Journal of Health Law & Ethics Vol.13 No.2
지난 2020년 1월 9일 국회 본회의에서 개인정보 3법이 통과되었다. 하지만 용어 정의와 해석에 서 많은 오해와 오보가 나타나고 있다. 가명정보는 분명 개인정보보호의 대상이며 설사 가명화가 되 었다 하더라도 통계작성, 과학적 연구, 공익적 기록보존 등의 목적을 위해서만 정보주체의 동의 없이 처리·활용할 수 있다. 상업적 활용을 엄격히 규제하는 최근의 국제적 추세와 반대로, 개정된 법은 과 학적 방법을 쓰기만 하면 민간투자 연구도 과학적 연구라고 규정함으로써 오히려 사회적 논란과 불확 실성을 높이고 신뢰 기반을 약화하는 심각한 문제를 발생시키고 있다. 특히 민감정보인 개인 건강정 보 활용의 대전제는 개인의 권리와 이익이며 이를 보장할 수 있는 안전한 사회적 시스템을 구축해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 우선 개인 건강정보의 사용 목적과 범위에 대한 공론의 장을 열어야 한다. 국민 의 안전과 서비스 질 문제 해결이라는 일차적 목적 및 이에 종속된 이차적 목적을 추구할 수 있는 투 명한 시스템이 필요하다. 또한 건강 빅데이터가 운영되는 정보통신기술 환경을 실질적으로 관리할 수 있는 안전한 감독체계를 만들어야 한다. The Personal Information 3 Acts was passed at a plenary session of the National Assembly on January 9, 2020. However, there are many misunderstandings and incorrect reports in terms of definition and interpretation. Pseudonymized data are definitely subject to personal information protection, and, they can be processed and used without consent from the information subjects only for the purposes of statistical writing, scientific research, and preservation of public records. Contrary to the recent international trend of strictly regulating commercial use, the revised law has defined private investment research as scientific research as long as scientific methods are used. This rather raises social controversy and uncertainty and creates serious problems that weaken the credibility base. In particular, the premise of utilizing personal health information, which is sensitive information, is individual rights and interests. A safe social system should be established to ensure this. To this end, we must first open a forum for public debate on the purpose and scope of the use of personal health information. A transparent system is needed to pursue the primary purpose of addressing the safety and quality of service issues of the people and the secondary purpose subordinate to it. We should also create a secure supervisory system that can practically manage the information and communication technology environment in which health big data is run.
Adaptive Duty Cycling MAC Protocols Using Closed-Loop Control for Wireless Sensor Networks
( Jaehyun Kim ),( Seoggyu Kim ),( Jaiyong Lee ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2011 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.5 No.1
The fundamental design goal of wireless sensor MAC protocols is to minimize unnecessary power consumption of the sensor nodes, because of its stringent resource constraints and ultra-power limitation. In existing MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), duty cycling, in which each node periodically cycles between the active and sleep states, has been introduced to reduce unnecessary energy consumption. Existing MAC schemes, however, use a fixed duty cycling regardless of multi-hop communication and traffic fluctuations. On the other hand, there is a tradeoff between energy efficiency and delay caused by duty cycling mechanism in multi-hop communication and existing MAC approaches only tend to improve energy efficiency with sacrificing data delivery delay. In this paper, we propose two different MAC schemes (ADS-MAC and ELA-MAC) using closed-loop control in order to achieve both energy savings and minimal delay in wireless sensor networks. The two proposed MAC schemes, which are synchronous and asynchronous approaches, respectively, utilize an adaptive timer and a successive preload frame with closed-loop control for adaptive duty cycling. As a result, the analysis and the simulation results show that our schemes outperform existing schemes in terms of energy efficiency and delivery delay.
Loss Recovery Modeling of TCP Reno over Wireless Links
Beomjoon Kim,Dongmin Kim,Jechan Han,Jaiyong Lee 에스케이텔레콤 (주) 2003 Telecommunications Review Vol.13 No.5
In this paper, we investigate the loss recovery behavior of TCP Reno over wireless links where packets are not always lost due to network congestion. Loss recovery of TCP Reno operates based on two basic algorithms of fast retransmit and fast recovery. We derive the conditions for successful loss recovery of TCP Reno by modeling the window variation during loss recovery accurately. Based on the developed model, the fast retransmit probability of TCP Reno is derived when the pattern of packet losses are random and correlated. Therefore, the performance of TCP Reno can be evaluated from the aspect of the fast retransmit probability. Main findings of our work are 1) loss recovery function of TCP Reno is not effective when multiple packets are lost in a window. 2) Continuity of packet losses as well as packet loss probability can affect the fast retransmit probability. We explain some of these observations in terms of the variation of the average window size and packet loss probability.