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Polarity of freestanding GaN grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy
Lee, Kyoyeol,Auh, Keun-Ho The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 2001 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.11 No.3
The freestanding GaN substrates were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) on (0001) sapphire substrate and prepared by using laser induced lift-off. After a mechanical polishing on both Ga and N-surfaces of GaN films with 100$\mu\textrm{m}$ thick, their polarities have been investigated by using chemical etching in phosphoric acid solution, 3 dimensional surface profiler and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The composition of the GaN film measured by AES indicted that Ga and N terminated surfaces have the different N/Ga peak ratio of 0.74 and 0.97, respectively. Ga-face and N-face of GaN revealed quite different chemical properties: the polar surfaces corresponding to (0001) plane are resistant to a phosphoric acid etching whereas N-polar surfaces corresponding to(0001) are chemically active.
연속성장법(Orrms method)에 의한 $LiNbO_{3}$ 단결정 성장 : (II) Domain 구조 관찰을 중심으로
주경,오근호,Joo, Kyung,Auh, Keun-Ho 한국결정성장학회 1996 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.6 No.3
Domain structure and properties of LiNbO3 single crystals grown by continuous method (Orr's method) were characterized. It was found that the growth striation of the grown crystals correspond with domain structure and the positive-negative domains were repeated with the perpendicular direction to the C axes. The formation of negative domains were related to the rapid crystal growth rate. The measured dielectric constant of the grown crystal was 140∼150 at 100 kHz at the room temperature and Curie point was 1153℃.
Computer simulation of titania particle agglomeration
Kim, Jong-Cheol,Auh, Keun-Ho The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 2000 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.10 No.1
30 nm의 입자반경을 가지는 티타니아 입자의 응집을 콜로이드 안정성에 기초하여 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션하였다. 제타 포텐셜이 4.5에서 16.8 mV로 증가할 때 에너지 장벽이 높아진다. 이러한 경향은 실험에서 입자크기가 작을수록 포텐셜이 높을수록 입자가 응집이 적어지는 안정한 상태가 되어 건조시에 불규칙한 형상과 강한 입자간 결합을 형성한다는 실험실적 관찰 결과와 일치한다. The agglomeration of titania particles with 30 nm in radii was simulated based on the colloidal stability. For surface potential increase from 4.5 to 16.8 mV the height of energy barrier increased. This tendency may explain the experimentally observed aggregation behavior where particles with smaller size and higher potential exhibited higher stability but form bigger and harder agglomerates with irregular shapes after drying.
Kim, Jong-Cheol,Auh, Keun-Ho The Korean Ceramic Society 2000 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.6 No.2
Particle size of the cement raw materials is important not only in clinker burning but also in cement productivity. Model experiment was designed to investigate the effect of compressive grinding on cement raw materials and clinker granule. Compressive grinding was more efficient in reducing hard materials like quartz. Regression model was constructed to explain the effect of compressive grinding on the size reduction of cement raw materials and clinker.
Chung, Yong-Sun,Auh, Keun-Ho The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 1997 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.7 No.4
Wagnerite ($Mg_2PO_4F)$ was successfully synthesized in a sealed platinum tube and the complete substitutions of $Co^{++}, Ni^{++}, Cu^{++} \;and\;Zn^{++}$for Mg were made in the wagnerite structure. Wagnerite did not decompose until it reached its melting temperature. It was observed that wagnerite underwent only one inversion at $1255^{\circ}C$, prior to melting at $1340^{\circ}C$. The lattice parameters of wagnerites were linearly increased by the substitutions of $Co^{++}$ and $Zn^{++}$ and decreased by the substitutions of $Ni^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$. The substitutions of wagnerite with $Co^{++}, Ni^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$ resulted in purple, orange and green colors, respectively, The colors of pigments became more intense and suitable for coloring of glazes and plastics as the amount of metal ions increased. 백금밀폐용기를 사용하여 wagnerite($Mg_2PO_4F)$를 합성하는데 성공하였으며, 유약용안료로 사용하기에 적합한 발색을 위해 $Co^{++}, Ni^{++}, Cu^{++} $등을 첨가하여 wagnerite의 Mg와 금속이온간의 전 성분구간에 걸쳐 고용체(solid solution)을 합성하였다. wagnerite는 용융점($1340^{\circ}C$)에 도달할 때까지 안정하여서 열분해되지 않았으며, 용융전에 오직 한 번의 가역적인 상전이가 $1255^{\circ}C$에서 일어남을 관찰하였다. wagnerite의 격자상수는 금속이온의 첨가량에 비례하여 직선적으로 변화하였는데 $Co^{++}$와 $Zn^{++}$ 첨가시는 증가하였으며, $Ni^{++}$과 $Cu^{++}$를 첨가한 경우에는 감소하였다. 또한 금속이온 첨가시, $Co^{++}$는 자주색, $Ni^{++}$는 노란색, $Cu^{++}$는 녹색을 발현시켰으며 이들의 색조는 첨가량이 증가할수록 밝고 진하여져서 유약 및 플라스틱을 착색하기에 적합한 색상을 나타내었다.
Structural modifications of SiOx/DLC films by thermal annealing
Won Jae Yang,Koichi Niihara,Keun Ho Auh 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2004 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.5 No.3
SiOx/DLC films were deposited on Si substrates using CH4/(C2H5O)4Si/Ar gas mixtures by PECVD. The films deposited were identified as atomic-scale composite networks consisting mainly of diamond-like a-C:H and silica-like a-Si:O structures with a smaller contribution of Si-C and C-O bonds. Structural modifications of SiOx/DLC films were monitored under thermal annealing in an Ar atmosphere. The structural transitions of the amorphous carbon matrix in the SiOx/DLC films were investigated by a Raman spectrometer. The relationships between the microstructural modifications and mechanical properties are discussed.
안진호,주경,정용선,오근호,An, Jin-Ho,Joo, Kyung,Jung, Yong-Sun,Auh, Keun-Ho 한국결정성장학회 2000 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.10 No.6
Langasite (LGS) is a material hoped to meet needs required of new base materials for future communication devices (e.g.SAW filters). In this study, synthesis of new materials was pursued by developing new compounds with the host structure of Langasite in hopes to obtain materials with improved characteristics; compounds including $La_3$$Ta_{0.5}$$Ga_{5.5}$$O_{14}$(LTG)and $La_3$$Nb_{0.25}$$Ta_{0.25}$$Ga_{5.5}$$O_{14}$(LNTG) were synthesized by solid state reactions. Characteristics of the compound synthesized in question were determined. The single crystals of Langasite-type were grown using the Czochralski method. The growth conditions for LTG and LNTG were studied and were found to be similar to those of LGS. The growth characteristics of LNTG were observed by studying etch pit formation density along the crystal length.
Loose and Dense Aggregate Particle Packing Models in Cement and Concrete
Kim, Jong-Cheol,Lim, Chang-Sung,Auh, Keun-Ho The Korean Ceramic Society 2000 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.6 No.1
Particle packing properties are important to develop high technology products in the field of cement and concrete. Two types of particle packing models for aggregates with sand and cement were introduced: the loose and the dense aggregate packing. Aggregate packing models with randomly generated sand and cement particles in the interstices of aggregates fit the Furnas model very well. Different aggregate models show different packing properties with the experimental results. Main reason for the difference with the experimental results is due to sand rearrangement in the loose aggregate packing model and to aggregate relaxation in the dense aggregate packing model. In the experimental situation, aggregates seem to be more disordered and have a relaxed packing structure in the dense packing, and sands seem to have a more rearranged packing structure in the loose packing model.