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Finite symplectic actions on the K3 lattice
Cambridge University Press 2012 Nagoya mathematical journal Vol.206 No.-
<B>Abstract</B><P>In this paper, we study finite symplectic actions on <I>K</I>3 surfaces <I>X</I>, that is, actions of finite groups <I>G</I> on <I>X</I> which act on <I>H</I><SUP>2,0</SUP>(<I>X</I>) trivially. We show that the action on the <I>K</I>3 lattice <I>H</I><SUP>2</SUP>(<I>X</I>, ℤ) induced by a symplectic action of <I>G</I> on <I>X</I> depends only on <I>G</I> up to isomorphism, except for five groups.</P>
Hashimoto, Gaku,Ono, Kenji,Okuda, Hiroshi Techno-Press 2012 Interaction and multiscale mechanics Vol.5 No.3
We apply a partitioned-solution (iterative-staggered) coupling method based on a fixed Eulerian mesh with the level set function to a large-deformation fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem where a large-deformable thin structure moves in a high-speed flow field, as an airbag does during deployment. This method combines advanced fluid and structure solvers-specifically, the constrained interpolation profile finite element method (CIP-FEM) for fluid Eulerian mesh and large-deformable structural elements for Lagrangian structural mesh. We express the large-deformable interface as a zero isosurface by the level set function, and introduce virtual nodes with level sets and structural normal velocities to generate the level set function according to the large-deformable interfacial geometry and enforce the kinematic condition at the interface. The virtual nodes are located in the direction normal to the structural mesh. It is confirmed that application of the method to unfolded airbag deployment simulation shows the adequacy of the method.
Tan, Ce,Mori, Mitsuru,Adachi, Yasushi,Wakai, Kenji,Suzuki, Sadao,Suzuki, Koji,Hashimoto, Shuji,Watanabe, Yoshiyuki,Tamakoshi, Akiko Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10
Objective: Our aim was to estimate whether diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality in Japan. Methods: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study is a nationwide prospective study, initiated in 1988, which involves 110,585 subjects (age range: from 40 to 79 years; 46,395 males and 64,190 females). Our present analysis population comprised 96,081 (40,510 men and 55,571 women) who provided details on DM history. The questionnaire also included age, sex, weight, height, family history of CRC, smoking, drinking and exercise habits, and education. Cox proportional-hazard regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR). We used SPSS 21 software to analyze all data. Results: Among the participants with DM, we followed up for 71,174 person-years and 640. deaths from CRC were confirmed; and, among the non-diabetic participants, 785 CRC deaths were identified during 1,499,324 person-years. After adjusting for multivariate confounding factors, such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), family history of colorectal cancer, smoking habit, drinking habit, physical activity (sports and walking) and education, DM was associated with an increased risk of CRC death (HR 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-2.0). Diabetic women, but not diabetic men, experienced increased mortality from CRC (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-3.0). Conclusion: The risk of CRC mortality is significantly increased in both sexes and women with diabetes, but no significant increase was seen for diabetic men among Japanese.
Shiratsuchi, Akiko,Shimizu, Kaori,Watanabe, Ikuko,Hashimoto, Yumi,Kurokawa, Kenji,Razanajatovo, Iony M.,Park, Keun H.,Park, Hae K.,Lee, Bok L.,Sekimizu, Kazuhisa,Nakanishi, Yoshinobu Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Immunology Vol.129 No.2
<P>Summary</P><P>We previously reported that <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> avoids killing within macrophages by exploiting the action of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), which leads to the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated inhibition of superoxide production. To search for bacterial components responsible for this event, a series of <I>S. aureus</I> mutants, in which the synthesis of the cell wall was interrupted, were screened for the level of JNK activation in macrophages. In addition to a mutant lacking the lipoproteins that have been suggested to act as a TLR2 ligand, two mutant strains were found to activate the phosphorylation of JNK to a lesser extent than the parental strain, and this defect was recovered by acquisition of the corresponding wild-type genes. Macrophages that had phagocytosed the mutant strains produced more superoxide than those engulfing the parental strain, and the mutant bacteria were more efficiently killed in macrophages than the parent. The genes mutated, <I>dltA</I> and <I>tagO</I>, encoded proteins involved in the synthesis of <SMALL>D</SMALL>-alanylated wall teichoic acid. Unlike a cell wall fraction rich in lipoproteins, <SMALL>D</SMALL>-alanine-bound wall teichoic acid purified from the parent strain by itself did not activate JNK phosphorylation in macrophages. These results suggest that the <SMALL>D</SMALL>-alanylated wall teichoic acid of <I>S. aureus</I> modulates the cell wall milieu for lipoproteins so that they effectively serve as a ligand for TLR2.</P>
Competing states for the fractional quantum Hall effect in the 1/3-filled second Landau level
Jeong, Jae-Seung,Lu, Hantao,Lee, Ki Hoon,Hashimoto, Kenji,Chung, Suk Bum,Park, Kwon American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.96 No.12
<P>In this work, we investigate the nature of the fractional quantum Hall state in the 1/3-filled second Landau level (SLL) at filling factor. = 7/3 (and 8/3 in the presence of the particle-hole symmetry) via exact diagonalization in both torus and spherical geometries. Specifically, we compute the overlap between the exact 7/3 ground state and various competing states including (i) the Laughlin state, (ii) the fermionic Haffnian state, (iii) the antisymmetrized product state of two composite fermion seas at 1/6 filling, and (iv) the particle-hole (PH) conjugate of the Z(4) parafermion state. All these trial states are constructed according to a guiding principle called the bilayer mapping approach, where a trial state is obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of a bilayer quantum Hall state with interlayer distance d as a variational parameter. Under the proper understanding of the ground-state degeneracy in the torus geometry, the Z(4) parafermion state can be obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of the Halperin (330) state. Specifically, while unclear at other momentum sectors, all degenerate copies of the Z(4) parafermion state can be obtained by antisymmetrizing those of the Halperin (330) state at the zero-momentum sector, where both states occur as the exact ground states of their respective model Hamiltonians with the same degeneracy. Meanwhile, in the spherical geometry, the Z(4) parafermion state is shown to be entirely equivalent to the antisymmetrized Halperin (330) state without any ground-state degeneracy issue. Similarly, it is proved in this work that the fermionic Haffnian state can be obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of the Halperin (551) state. The exact 7/3 ground state is obtained as a function of delta V-1((1)), the variation of the first-moment Haldane pseudopotential V-1((1)) in the SLL with respect to the pure Coulomb interaction. It is shown that, while extremely accurate at sufficiently large positive delta V-1((1)), the Laughlin state loses its overlap with the exact 7/3 ground state significantly at delta V-1((1)) similar or equal to 0. At slightly negative delta V-1((1)), it is shown that the PH-conjugated Z4 parafermion state has a substantial overlap with the exact 7/3 ground state, which is the highest among the above four trial states. Around the Coulomb point, the energy spectrum exhibits an intriguing change from the spectrum with the Laughlin-type magnetoroton structure to that with the specific quasidegeneracy of the ground state, which is characteristic to the PH-conjugated Z(4) parafermion state.</P>
Jiajing Shan,Youge Qu,Jiancheng Zhang,Li Ma,Kenji Hashimoto 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.2
Objective: Gut—microbiota—brain axis plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve serves as a major modulatory pathway between the gut microbiota and the brain. However, the role of subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve in PD pathogenesis are unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDV) on the neurotoxicity in the mouse striatum and colon after administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Methods: Sham or SVD was performed. Subsequently, saline or MPTP (10 mg/kg × 3, 2-hour interval) was administered to mice. Western blot analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) in the striatum and phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-Syn) in the colon was performed. Results: Repeated administration of MPTP significantly caused reduction of TH and DAT in the striatum and increase of p-α-Syn in the colon of mice. However, SDV did not affect the reduction of TH and DAT in the striatum and increases in p-α-Syn in the colon after repeated MPTP administration. Conclusion: These data suggest that subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve doses not play a role in the MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in the brain and colon.
Autism-like Behaviors in Male Juvenile Offspring after Maternal Glyphosate Exposure
Yaoyu Pu,Li Ma,Jiajing Shan,Xiayun Wan,BruceD.Hammock,Kenji Hashimoto 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.3
Objective: Exposure to the herbicide glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may increase the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Recently, we reported that maternal exposure of formulated glyphosate caused ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Here, we investigated whether maternal exposure of pure glyphosate could cause ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Methods: Water or 0.098% glyphosate was administered as drinking water from E5 to P21 (weaning). Behavioral tests such as grooming test and three-chamber social interaction test in male offspring were performed from P28 to P35. Results: Male offspring showed ASD-like behavioral abnormalities (i.e., increasing grooming behavior and social interaction deficit) after maternal exposure of glyphosate. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the exposure of glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may cause ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in male juvenile offspring. It is likely that glyphosate itself, but not the other ingredients, may contribute to ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in juvenile offspring.