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Effectiveness of Education and Social Work Skills at the Time of Disaster
Keiko Kitagawa,Jae Eun Lee,Hwang Woo Noh 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 위기관리 이론과 실천 세미나발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.-
Humanitarian emergencies, including natural disasters, conflicts and complex emergencies, constitute what has traditionally been considered the main threat to health security worldwide. Japan is located in the Circum-Pacific Mobile Belt where seismic and volcanic activities occur constantly. Although the country covers only 0.25% of the land area on the planet, the number of earthquakes and active volcanoes is quite high. In addition, because of geographical, topographical and meteorological conditions, the country is subject to frequent natural disasters such as typhoons, torrential rains and heavy snowfalls, as well as earthquakes and tsunami.1) Every year there is a great loss of people s lives and properties in Japan due to natural disasters. Tornados, hurricanes, heavy rains and earthquakes resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and many more affected. Each year millions of people are affected by natural and man-made disasters around the world. Disasters would not be disastrous if it were not for their effect on the human population. Disasters directly impact the health of the people resulting in physical trauma, acute disease and emotional trauma. Disasters may increase the morbidity and mortality associated with chronic disease and infectious disease through the impact on the health care system. Disasters may increase the morbidity and mortality associated with chronic disease and infectious disease through the impact on the health care system.2) 3) Trend of natural Disaster in Asia-Pacific Countries experience roughly 30-35% of the world s disaster events in any given year. Yet, they typically account for up to half of the world s total deaths, damage, and loss from disasters and up to 90% of the total number of people affected. A disaster is indiscriminate in whom it affects. Limited research has shown that the poor and medically underserved, especially in rural areas, bear an inequitable amount of the burden.
Keiko Kitagawa,Mika Tahara,Jae Eun Lee,Hwang-Woo Noh 위기관리 이론과 실천 2022 Disastronomy Vol.5 No.2
The number of depopulated areas in Japan, where the population is declining and aging in 63,237 small communities. Of these, 23,372 are depopulated areas, accounting for 32.2% of all depopulated areas. Of the depopulated areas, 2,744 are likely to have zero population in the future. A major challenge in disaster response is that the members of local disaster management organization, who are registered with those who assist in the evacuation of the frail elderly and disabled in the depopulated areas, are also aging. The number of evacuation assistants in those areas will decrease drastically as those who support evacuation will be needed to evacuate. The solution lies in reviewing social capital and removing the normalcy bias toward people with disabilities and bias of against disasters. Our survey of disaster management personnel at facilities for persons with disabilities in depopulated areas revealed that disabilities are able to evacuate independently depending on their level of disability. It also cleared that they can play various roles in evacuation centers. However, we also found that they do not interact with local people on a daily basis, thus do not provide social capital in the event of a disaster.