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Hsin-Liang Chen,Yen-Cheng Tu,Cheng-Chang Hsieh,Deng-Lain Lin,Chin-Jung Chang,Keh-Chyang Leou 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.7
Very high frequency (VHF) PECVD has been demonstrated to be able to significantly increase the deposition rate without compromising the film quality for the manufacture of silicon heterojunction and silicon thin film solar cells. To further reduce the production costs by enhancing the throughput, larger electrode and higher frequency are often required at the same time. Nevertheless, raising frequency in large-area PECVD results in non-uniform discharge caused by the standing wave effect and deteriorates the processing uniformity. In this study, a technique that generates a traveling wave via superposing two specific standing waves launched simultaneously is proposed to resolve this issue. An industrial-scale linear plasma reactor with length and width of 125 and 10 cm, respectively, is adopted for experimental tests and two 80 MHz power supplies are utilized to separately control the standing waves. The experimental results show that the discharge gap is only partially covered by plasma discharge when only one standing wave is applied. However, as both standing waves are launched, the non-uniformity of plasma discharge can be effectively reduced to <±5%. In addition, numerical simulation is also conducted in this study to clarify whether the proposed technique can be applied to large-area rectangular PECVD (substrate size: 1.4 m 1.1 m). By arranging multiple feeding points on opposite sides of the powered electrode, the simulation results indicate the non-uniformity of electric field can be maintained within ±10%.
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Yen-Chun Peng,Soo-Ray Wang,Yi-Fang Lai,Nu-Man Tsai,Keh-Liang Lin,Shyh-Jye Lin,Tzi-Peng Yang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.2
Isoamylamine (IA) is an aliphatic monoamine molecule present in cheese, eggs, and wine. It belongs to the family of polyamines and also can be synthesized endogenously. It has been known that regulation of polyamines in cells is related to cell cycle and tumor formation. Malignant melanoma is difficult to treat and easily resistant to chemotherapy/radiotherapy through autophagy. In this study, we aim to clarify whether IA has a growth control effect on melanoma tumor cells and the regulatory mechanism. We treated B16-F1 melanoma cells with IA at concentrations of 0, 200, 400, and 600 ppm for 24 h. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was checked for cell viability and results showed that IA has an inhibitory effect on B16-F1 melanoma cells. The signaling molecules, which included Raf/MEK/ERK, were activated, while MSK1 and protein kinase B (AKT) were suppressed. Autophagy was also confirmed to be induced by IA. The acridine orange stain-positive cells were increased and BECN-1/LC3 upregulated. The data also showed that the autophagy regulatory molecule, 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), was induced after IA treatment, so we used dorsomorphin to inhibit AMPK and found that it could suppress autophagy. In conclusion, IA has an effect of inducing autophagy in B16-F1 cells and it is regulated through AMPK.
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