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A characterization of eventual periodicity
Kamae, T.,Kim, D.H. North-Holland Pub. Co ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Theoretical computer science Vol.581 No.-
In this article, we show that the Kamae-Xue complexity function for an infinite sequence classifies eventual periodicity completely. We prove that an infinite binary word x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>... is eventually periodic if and only if Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>)/n<SUP>3</SUP> has a positive limit, where Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>) is the sum of the squares of all the numbers of occurrences of finite words in x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>, which was introduced by Kamae-Xue as a criterion of randomness in the sense that x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB> is more random if Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>) is smaller. In fact, it is known that the lower limit of Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>)/n<SUP>2</SUP> is at least 3/2 for any sequence x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>..., while the limit exists as 3/2 almost surely for the (½,½) product measure. For the other extreme, the upper limit of Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>)/n<SUP>3</SUP> is bounded by 1/3. There are sequences which are not eventually periodic but the lower limit of Σ(x<SUB>1</SUB>x<SUB>2</SUB>...x<SUB>n</SUB>)/n<SUP>3</SUP> is positive, while the limit does not exist.
( Toshifumi Hibi ),( Isao Kamae ),( Philippe Pinton ),( Lyann Ursos ),( Ryuichi Iwakiri ),( Greg Hather ),( Haridarshan Patel ) 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.1
Background/Aims: Several biologic therapies are approved in Japan to treat moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC), but there are no published comparative efficacy studies in a Japanese population. We compared the efficacy of biologics approved in Japan (adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, and vedolizumab) for treating biologic-naïve patients with UC at their approved doses. Methods: A targeted literature review identified 4 randomized controlled trials of biologics for UC in biologic-naïve Japanese patients. For each study, efficacy outcome data from induction (weeks 6-12) and maintenance (weeks 30-60) treatment were extracted for analysis. Treatment effects on clinical response, clinical remission, and mucosal healing relative to the average placebo results across all trials were estimated using network meta-analyses followed by transformation into probabilities and odds ratios (OR). Results: At the end of induction, the likelihood of clinical response and clinical remission was highest with infliximab (OR: 2.12 and 2.35, respectively) and vedolizumab (OR: 2.10 and 2.32, respectively); the likelihood of mucosal healing was highest with infliximab (OR: 2.24) and adalimumab (OR: 1.86). During maintenance, the likelihood of clinical response and clinical remission was highest with vedolizumab (OR: 6.44 and 4.68, respectively) and golimumab (OR: 5.13 and 3.84, respectively); the likelihood of mucosal healing was significantly higher than placebo with all biologics. Conclusions: All active treatments were efficacious compared with placebo. Infliximab and vedolizumab had the highest odds for induction of clinical response, remission, and mucosal healing. Golimumab and vedolizumab had numerically higher odds of achieving efficacy outcomes in the maintenance phase. (Intest Res 2021;19:53-61)
Tuncay Kamas,Banibrata Poddar,Bin Lin,Lingyu Yu 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.16 No.5
This paper presents theoretical and experimental evaluation of the structural health monitoring (SHM) capability of piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) at elevated temperatures. This is important because the technologies for structural sensing and monitoring need to account for the thermal effect and compensate for it. Permanently installed PWAS transducers have been One of the extensively employed sensor technologies for in-situ continuous SHM. In this paper, the electro-mechanical impedance spectroscopy (EMIS) method has been utilized as a dynamic descriptor of PWAS behavior and as a high frequency standing wave local modal technique. Another SHM technology utilizes PWAS as far-field transient transducers to excite and detect guided waves propagating through the structure. This paper first presents how the EMIS method is used to qualify and quantify circular PWAS resonators in an increasing temperature environment up to 230 deg C. The piezoelectric material degradation with temperature was investigated and trends of variation with temperature were deduced from experimental measurements. These effects were introduced in a wave propagation simulation software called Wave Form Revealer (WFR). The thermal effects on the substrate material were also considered. Thus, the changes in the propagating guided wave signal at various temperatures could be simulated. The paper ends with summary and conclusions followed by suggestions for further work.
Norain Talib,Kama Azira Awang Ramli,Yusri Mohammed 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2021 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.5 No.3
A 27-year-old pregnant female presented to our clinic for a cardiac murmur that was detected during an antenatal check-up. She had no cyanosis, and she was asymptomatic for heart failure. The echocardiogram revealed an enlarged right coronary sinus with right coronary artery (RCA) dilatation. The electrocardiographic-gated coronary computed tomography angiogram showed aneurysmal RCA dilatation with fistula to the inferobasal region of the right ventricle. A few small thrombi were visualized in the right ventricle and within the fistula. She delivered a healthy baby via caesarean section at 31 weeks of gestation, and fistula correction was planned within one year.