Improved astaxanthin production by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous SK984 with oak leaf extract and inorganic phosphate supplementation

KOTHARI DAMINI,이준형,천정환,서건호,김수기 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.4

Astaxanthin is widely used in food, feed andnutraceutical industries. Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhousis one of the most promising natural sources of astaxanthin. However, the astaxanthin yield in the wild-type X. dendrorhousis considered low for industrial application. In thepresent study, X. dendrorhous ATCC 66272 was subjectedto two-staged mutagenesis: (i) UV light and (ii) N-methyl-N0-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine (NTG) toward attaininghigher astaxanthin yield. The UV-irradiation mutant, X. dendrorhous SK974 showed 1.7-fold (1.07 mg/g) higherastaxanthin production as compared with the wild-typestrain (0.65 mg/g). The UV mutant strain was then treatedwith NTG, designated as X. dendrorhous SK984, displayedfurther 1.4-fold (1.45 mg/g) higher astaxanthin production. Furthermore, the oak leaf extract (5%, v/v) and inorganicphosphate (KH2PO4, 3 mM) supplementation resultedabout 1.4-fold (1.98 mg/g) higher astaxanthin productionas compared with control (1.45 mg/g) in X. dendrorhousSK984. These findings serve as a platform suggesting thatintersecting approaches might be aimed toward systematicallyenhanced astaxanthin production.

Feasibility of sodium long chain polyphosphate as a potential growth promoter in broilers

( Seung-gyu Moon ),( Damini Kothari ),( Woong-lae Kim ),( Woo-do Lee ),( Kyung-il Kim ),( Jong-il Kim ),( Eun-jib Kim ),( Soo-ki Kim ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.6

The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of sodium long chain polyphosphate (SLCPP) and effect of dietary supplementation of SLCPP on growth performance, organ characteristics, blood metabolites, and intestinal microflora of broilers. Antimicrobial activities of SLCPP were observed against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica ser. Pullorum, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in agar well diffusion assay. In addition, SLCPP demonstrated good anti-biofilm activity against K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, to investigate the dietary effect of SLCPP, a total of 480 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to three dietary treatment groups (4 replicates per group, 40 birds in each replicate): an antibiotic-free corn-soybean meal basal diet (NC); basal diet + enramycin 0.01% (PC); and basal diet + 0.1% SLCPP (SPP). The experiment lasted for 35 days. Results showed that birds fed with SLCPP had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the grower phase (days 7 to 21) (p < 0.05). Except for blood urea nitrogen, all other blood biochemical parameters remained unaffected by the dietary supplementation of SLCPP. Compared to the control group, lengths of the duodenum and ileum in the SPP group were significantly shorter (p < 0.05). Moreover, counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), total aerobes, and Streptococcus spp. in jejunum as well as LAB in cecum were increased in the SPP group than in the PC group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary supplementation of SLCPP might promote the growth of broilers in their early growth phase.

Antioxidant Properties and Diet-Related α-Glucosidase and Lipase Inhibitory Activities of Yogurt Supplemented with Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Petal Extract

Hong, Heeok,Lim, Jeong Min,Kothari, Damini,Kwon, So Hee,Kwon, Hyuk Cheol,Han, Sung-Gu,Kim, Soo-Ki Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Recently, yogurt has been extensively studied to further enhance its functions using edible plant extracts. This study was conducted to investigate whether safflower petal (SP) as a natural food additive can be used to develop functional yogurt with improved health benefits. SPs were extracted with ethanol (SPE) and hot water (SPW), and then safflower yogurt was prepared by adding 0%-1.0% of those extracts to plain yogurt. With an increase in the fermentation duration, the pH of SPE and SPW yogurt samples was decreased, whereas titratable acidity and microbial counts were increased. The concentration of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, the activity of antioxidants, and the inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher in SPW yogurt than SPE yogurt. Furthermore, α-glucosidase and lipase activity inhibitory effects of SPW yogurt were higher than those of SPE yogurt. In particular, free radical-scavenging activities, ROS inhibitory effect, and α-glucosidase activity inhibitory effects were significantly increased in SPW yogurt in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, these results suggest that SP extract possesses antioxidant activities and that it can downregulate α-glucosidase and lipase activities. The SP extract may have potential benefits as a natural food additive for the development of functional yogurt.

Effects of dietary multi-strain probiotics supplementation in a low fishmeal diet on growth performance, nutrient utilization, proximate composition, immune parameters, and gut microbiota of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Niu, Kai-Min,Khosravi, Sanaz,Kothari, Damini,Lee, Woo-Do,Lim, Jeong-Min,Lee, Bong-Joo,Kim, Kang-Woong,Lim, Sang-Gu,Lee, Sang-Min,Kim, Soo-Ki Elsevier 2019 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of multi-strain probiotics (MSP) in a low fish meal (FM) diet on overall performance, gut microbiota, selected non-specific immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities of olive flounder (<I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I>) juveniles. A total of 225 healthy olive flounders (initial mean body weight, 13.5 ± 0.01 g) were randomly separated into 3 groups of 75 fish, each group having three replicates of 25 fish; first group was fed with a FM-based control diet (Con), 2nd group was fed with a low-FM diet containing a blend of plant and animal protein meals replacing 30% of the FM protein (FM30), and 3rd group was fed with the FM30 diet supplemented with 10<SUP>8</SUP>–10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU kg<SUP>−1</SUP> of the MSP (Pro). With the exception of lipid retention, which was significantly lower in fish fed the FM30 diet compared to the other two treatments, no other statistically significant differences were recorded with respect to any of the other growth and nutrient utilization parameters. Myeloperoxidase and lysozyme activities of fish fed the Pro diet were much higher and significantly different than those of fish fed the FM30 diet. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in Pro- than in Con-fed fish, which, in turn, was significantly higher than FM30-fed fish. Expression of immune-related genes including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was markedly upregulated in livers of the fish fed Pro diet compared to those fed the Con and FM30 diets. Furthermore, supplementation of MSP in FM30 diet enriched the <I>Lactobacillus</I> abundance in the fish gut as well as predictive gene functions in relation to lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms. These data suggested that the MSP could reduce the potential adverse effects of the low-FM diet and might be used as a healthy immunostimulant for olive flounder.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low fishmeal diet (FM30) significantly affected the lipid retention of olive flounder. </LI> <LI> The multi-strain probiotics (MSP) improved the activities of myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and glutathione peroxidase. </LI> <LI> The MSP supplement markedly upregulated the immune-related gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the liver. </LI> <LI> The MSP supplement enriched the predictive gene functions in relation to lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms. </LI> <LI> The MSP could be used as a healthy immunostimulant for olive flounder. </LI> </UL> </P>

Complete genome sequence of Paenibacillus konkukensis sp. nov. SK3146 as a potential probiotic strain

( Hae-in Jung ),( Sungkwon Park ),( Kai-min Niu ),( Sang-won Lee ),( Damini Kothari ),( Kwon Jung Yi ),( Soo-ki Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.3

Paenibacillus konkukensis sp. nov., SK3146 is a novel strain isolated from a pig feed. Here, we present complete genome sequence of SK3146. The genome consists of a single circular genome measuring 7,968,964 bp in size with an average guanine + cytosine (G+C) content of 53.4%. Genomic annotation revealed that the strain encodes 151 proteins related to hydrolases (EC3), which was higher than those in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Diverse kinds of hydrolases including galactosidase, glucosidase, cellulase, lipase, xylanase, and protease were found in the genome of SK3146, coupled with one bacteriocin encoding gene. The complete genome sequence of P. konkukensis SK3146 indicates the immense probiotic potential of the strain with nutrient digestibility and antimicrobial activity functions.

Effect of dietary supplementation of a phytogenic blend containing Schisandra chinensis, Pinus densiflora, and Allium tuberosum on productivity, egg quality, and health parameters in laying hens

Moon, Seung-Gyu,Lee, Sung-Kwang,Lee, Woo-Do,Niu, Kai-Min,Hwang, Won-Uk,Oh, Jong-Seok,Kothari, Damini,Kim, Soo-Ki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.2

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effect of a phytogenic blend (SPA: a mixture containing fermented Schisandra chinensis pomace, fermented Pinus densiflora needle extract, and Allium tuberosum powder in the ratio of 2:2:1) on egg production, egg quality, blood constituents, and visceral organs in laying hens. Methods: A total of 135 Hy-line brown laying hens (48-wk-old) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 9 hens. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet (no exogenous SPA addition) and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet containing SPA at the level of 0.1% and 0.3% for 6 weeks. Results: The feed intake was significantly improved in SPA supplemented groups as compared with the control (p<0.05). However, egg production, daily egg mass, and feed conversion ratio were not different among the dietary treatments (p>0.05). For egg quality traits, only Haugh unit (HU) was significantly improved in SPA (0.3%) (p<0.05) as compared with other groups. However, HU was not affected during 4-wk of storage at 18℃ among the dietary treatments (p>0.05). Furthermore, SPA supplementation did not affect the blood biochemical constituents except for the phosphate content, which was significantly higher in SPA groups than the CON group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in visceral organ characteristics and immune indicators (immunoglobulin A [IgA], IgG, and IgM) in SPA or CON groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that the supplementation of SPA may have beneficial effects on feed intake and egg quality in laying hens.