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Ramasamy, T.,Poudel, B.K.,Ruttala, H.,Choi, J.Y.,Hieu, T.D.,Umadevi, K.,Youn, Y.S.,Choi, H.G.,Yong, C.S.,Kim, J.O. Elsevier 2016 Colloids and Surfaces B Vol.146 No.-
<P>Nanofabrication of polymeric micelles through self-assembly of an ionic block copolymer and oppositely charged small molecules has recently emerged as a promising method of formulating delivery systems. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the interaction of cationic drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and mitoxantrone (MTX) with the anionic block polymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PEO-b-PAA) and to study the influence of these interactions on the pharmacokinetic stability and antitumor potential of the formulated micelles in clinically relevant animal models. To this end, individual DOX and MTX-loaded polyelectrolyte complex micelles (PCM) were prepared, and their physicochemical properties and pH-responsive release profiles were studied. MTX-PCM and DOX-PCM exhibited a different release profile under all pH conditions tested. MTX-PCM exhibited a monophasic release profile with no initial burst, while DOX-PCM exhibited a biphasic release. DOX-PCM showed a higher cellular uptake than that shown by MTX-PCM in A-549 cancer cells. Furthermore, DOX-PCM induced higher apoptosis of cancer cells than that induced by MTX-PCM. Importantly, both MTX-PCM and DOX-PCM showed prolonged blood circulation. MTX-PCM improved the AUC(all) of MTX 4-fold compared to a 3-fold increase by DOX-PCM for DOX. While a definite difference in blood circulation was observed between MTX-PCM and DOX-PCM in the pharmacokinetic study, both MTX-PCM and DOX-PCM suppressed tumor growth to the same level as the respective free drugs, indicating the potential of PEGylated polymeric micelles as effective delivery systems. Taken together, our results show that the nature of interactions of cationic drugs with the polyionic copolymer can have a tremendous influence on the biological performance of a delivery system. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Ramasamy, T.,Ruttala, H.B.,Gupta, B.,Poudel, B.K.,Choi, H.G.,Yong, C.S.,Kim, J.O. Elsevier Science Publishers 2017 Journal of controlled release Vol.258 No.-
<P>This review focuses on the smart chemistry that has been utilized in developing polymer-based drug delivery systems over the past 10 years. We provide a comprehensive overview of the different functional moieties and reducible linkages exploited in these systems, and outline their design, synthesis, and application from a therapeutic efficacy viewpoint. Furthermore, we highlight the next generation nanomedicine strategies based on this novel chemistry.</P>
Ramasamy, T.,Ruttala, H. B.,Choi, J. Y.,Tran, T. H.,Kim, J. H.,Ku, S. K.,Choi, H. G.,Yong, C. S.,Kim, J. O. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.26
<P>We developed a highly stable lipid-polymer nanoarchitectural platform for effective combination therapy of doxorubicin and irinotecan in the polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticle core, followed by incorporation of the whole assembly into a lecithin bilayer. It shows great potential for the treatment of a broad range of cancers.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We developed a highly stable lipid-polymer nanoarchitectural platform for effective combination therapy of doxorubicin and irinotecan in the polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticle core, followed by incorporation of the whole assembly into a lecithin bilayer. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5cc00482a'> </P>
Medium constituents mediated engineering for size and shape tuning of gold nanocrystallites
Anil K. Suresh,Veena Vijay,Bahrudeen S. Hameed,Sureshkumar Ramasamy,Natarajan Sakthivel 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.51 No.-
The current investigation introduces the utilization of cell culture mediums as a novel source for the oneplotsynthesis as well as stabilization of metal nanoparticles. By varying the medium constituents wecould control the size and shape distributions of the gold nanoparticles. Nanospheres of diameter24 6 nm and 19 5 nm were produced using DMEM and M199 mediums respectively, nanoneedles of150 50 nm using RPMI medium and nanoflowers of 60 25 nm using IMDM medium, with an overallyield of 91 2%. A remarkable decrease in the reaction duration (<3 min) was noted, irrespective of thegrowth mediums used. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential measurementsrevealed them to have a common protenacious encapping agent with different overall surface charges of23 3,211,24 2, and20 1 mV for Au@DMEM, Au@RPMI, Au@IMDM andAu@M199 respectively. X-ray diffraction confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the particles withBragg peaks at (111), (200), (220) and (311) for gold nanocrystals. This approach could lead to the creativeutilization of novel eco-friendly sources for the production and size/shape control of nanoparticles. Moreover, the adopted methodology is absolutely green, robust and facile, offering new insights forsustainable synthesis for various biomedical and engineering applications.
A Survey on Role of Block Chain in Smart Cities
Chokkanathan, K,Shanmugaraja, P,Ramasamy, Siva Shankar,Ouncharoen, Rujira,Chakpitak, Nopasit International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.7
An amazing growth in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain based smart cities from both industry and academia has been witnessed in the recent years. There are many smart applications such as intelligent transportation, smart banking, improving the life style of citizen, energy consumption and managing the waste in the city, handling home needs are supporting the Smart city concept. These applications are profoundly supported by the advanced technologies like Blockchain as well as IoT in the recent past. Smart cities can be supported by the Blockchain core concepts such as secure, transparent, decentralized and immutable nature. Still, Blockchain and IoT technologies implementation in smart cities are in their early stages and significant research efforts are desirable to integrate them. This review article explores the roles and responsibilities of Blockchain and IoT in building smart cities.
Impact of Tobacco on Glutathione S Transferase Gene Loci of Indian Ethnics
Senthilkumar, K.P.,Thirumurugan, Ramasamy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10
Background: Tobacco contains agents which generate various potent DNA adducts that can cause gene mutations. Production of DNA adducts may be neutralized by glutathione S transferase (GST) along with other phase I and phase II enzyme systems. The existence of null type of GST among the population increases the susceptibility to various disorders and diseases. The present study focuses on the impact of high tobacco usage and possible null type mutation in GST loci. Methods: Genotypes of GST were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in unrelated 504 volunteers of high tobacco using natives of Gujarat. Allelic frequencies were calculated using Statistical Package for Social Studies-16 software. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) was calculated using Chi square test. Two sided Fisher's significance test was used to compare allelic frequencies of different populations. Results: The frequency of homozygous null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 20% (95% CI 16.7-23.9) and 35.5% (95% CI 31.4-39.9) respectively. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele frequency distribution in the Gujarat population was significantly deviating from HWE. GSTT1 null frequency of Gujaratians was significantly higher and different to all reported low tobacco using Indian ethnics, while GSTM1 was not differing significantly. Conclusion: Tobacco usage significantly influences the rate of mutation and frequency of GSTT1 and M1 null types among the habituates. The rate of mutation in GSTT1 loci was an undeviating response to the dose of tobacco usage among the population. This mutational impact of tobacco on GSTT1 postulates the possible gene - environment interaction and selection of null genotype among the subjects to prone them under susceptible status for various cancers and even worst to cure the population with GSTT1 dependent drugs.
( T. Ramasamy ),( H. B. Ruttala ),( J. Y. Choi ),( T. H. Tran ),( J. H. Kim ),( S. K. Ku ),( H. G. Choi ),( C. S. Yong ),( J. O. Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
We developed a highly stable lipid-polymer nanoarchitectural platform for effective combination therapy of doxorubicin and irinotecan in the polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticle core, followed by incorporation of the whole assembly into a lecithin bilayer. It shows great potential for the treatment of a broad range of cancers.
Parmar, K. P. S.,Ramasamy, Easwaramoorthi,Lee, Jinwoo,Lee, Jae Sung Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Chemical communications Vol.47 No.30
<P>A novel rapid (∼10 min) microwave-hydrothermal synthesis is demonstrated for nanorice TiO<SUB>2</SUB> mesoparticles as an anode of a dye-sensitized solar cell with an excellent photovoltaic efficiency of above 8%.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A novel rapid synthesis is reported for single-crystalline, nanorice TiO<SUB>2</SUB> mesoparticles with an excellent photovoltaic efficiency of above 8%. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1cc12150b'> </P>
Sinha, Soumyadeep,Ramasamy, Hari Vignesh,Nandi, Dip K.,Didwal, Pravin N.,Cho, Jae Yu,Park, Chan-Jin,Lee, Yun-Sung,Kim, Soo-Hyun,Heo, Jaeyeong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.34
<P>In addition to their optoelectronic applications, Zn-based oxides and sulfides have also been widely studied as electrode materials in Li-ion batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, both the materials suffer from a drastic loss in capacity due to their poor conductivity and electrochemical instability. A very efficient and carefully controlled combination of these two may address these limitations. In this work, thin films of zinc oxysulfide (ZnOS) with an O/(O + S) ratio of ∼0.7 were deposited using a combination of oxide and sulfide atomic layer deposition (ALD) cycles; they were then tested as anodes in Li-ion batteries. The material was grown directly on a stainless steel substrate (SS), characterized extensively using several <I>ex situ</I> characterization tools, and then used as an anode with no binder or conductive additives. Cyclic voltammetry measurements were used to confirm the reversible conversion of ZnOS in addition to the well-known alloying-dealloying Li-Zn reaction. The material loading was further optimized by varying the number of ALD supercycles to attain the maximum stable cycling performance. The highest stable capacities of 632.9 and 510.3 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP> were achieved at current densities of 0.1 and 1 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> (∼4 and 40 μA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>), respectively, for a ZnOS film with an optimum thickness of ∼75 nm. The optimized ZnOS anode exhibited superior electrochemical performance in comparison to the equivalent pristine ZnO and ZnS anodes. Finally, the post-cycling analysis of the binder-free ALD grown ZnOS anodes demonstrated excellent adhesion to the SS substrate and the high stability of these films upon cycling.</P>
강석현,조용남,K. Prasanna,P. Santhoshkumar,조윤철,Kumaran Vediappan,Ramasamy Gnanamuthu,이창우 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.71 No.-
As a promising anode material, TiO2 x is prepared with a low bandgap by adding a zinc powder using asolvothermal reaction. It is homogeneous, spherical, and 30 nm in size, changing from anatase to rutile. Itshows a high discharge capacity, 253.8 mAh g 1, after 50 cycles at 100 mA g 1 whereas the pristine TiO2material delivers mere 81.1 mAh g 1. The improved electrochemical performance with cycling of theTiO2 x compared with the pristine TiO2 material is attributed to the presence of Ti3+ and/or oxygenvacancies.