$\Theta$-Derivations on Prime Rings

Kyoo-Hong Park,Yong-Soo Jung 한국전산응용수학회 2003 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.12 No.1-2

In this paper we show the following: Let R be a prime ring (withcharacteristic dierent wo) and a ∈R. Let Θ, :R → R be automorphisms andletd :R → R be a nonzero Θ-derivation. (iif [d(x), a]Θ = 0 (or d([x, a]) = 0 )for all x ∈R, then a + (a) ∈Z, the center ofR, (iiif .d(x), a. = 0 for allx ∈R, then d(a) = 0. (iiiif [ ad(x), x] = 0 for all x ∈R, then eithera = 0 o rR is commutative.AMS Mathematics Subject Classication : 16W25, 16W20, 16U80Key words and phrases : Prime ring, Θ-derivation1. IntroductionThroughout this paper,R will represent an associative ring andZ will be itscenter. Letx,y∈R. The commutatorxy yx will be denoted by [x, y] and theproductxy+ yx by .x, y.. Let:R → R be an automorphism. We write [x, y]forxy (y)x, and will make extensive use of the following basic commutatoridentities: [xy, z] = x[y, z] + [x, z]y, [xy, z] = x[y, z]+ [x, (z)]y =x[y, z]+[x, z]y, [x, yz]=[x, y]z + (y)[x, z].Let Θ :R → R be an automorphism. An additive mapping d :R → R iscalled a Θ-derivation ifd(xy)=d(x)y ( x)d(y) for all x, y∈R.A 1-derivation is called simply a derivation, where 1 :R → R is the identitymap. A derivationd is inner if there exists ana ∈R such thatd(x)=[x, a] forall x ∈R.LetR be a prime ring with characteristic dierent wo andd : R → R anonzero derivation. In [1], I. N. Herstein proved that ifa ∈R and [d(x), a]=0Received July 10, 2002. Revised January 23, 2003This work was done under the support of Seowon University Research Fund 2002.c. 2003 Korean Society for Computational & Applied Mathematics.313314 Kyoo-Hong Park and Yong-Soo Jungfor allx ∈R, thena ∈Z. As a continuation of our earlier works for derivations([2], [3]), we here improve the above result and obtain some analogous results.

생약제제인 이공산(異功散)의 Cisplatin 유도 신장독성 보호 및 항산화 효과

Lee, Kyung-Tae,Ahn, Kyoo-Seok,Chang, Sung-Goo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Jung, Jee-Chang 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Kyung-Tae Lee, Kyoo-Seok Ahn¹, Sung-Goo Chang², Soo-Myung Oh²and Jee-Chang Jung²¹College of Pharmacy, ²Oriental Medicine and ³College of Medicine, and East-West Medical Reserch Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. Preventive and Antioxidative Effects of Crude Drug Preparation(E-kong-san) on Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 201-211, 1999. -Nephroprotective effects of a crude drug-prearation (E-kong-san) were determined from cisplatin on rabbit kidney proximal tubule and human renal cortical cells by MTT assays and sustained glucose consumption on ciplatin-induced human renal cortical tissue. Levels of creatinine and blood ure nitrogen(BUN) in serum after administration of cisplatin(0.75mg/kg,i.p.) to E-kong-san(0.75g/kg/day,p.o.)-pretreated rats were markedly lower compared to those of cisplatin-treated rats. Moreover, the administration of E-kong-san significantly inhibited the loss of body weight of cisplatin injected rts. These findings suggest that E-kong-san on the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity led us to investigate whether the effect of this water extract was a result of anti-oxidation. E-kong-san showed strong free radical scavenger activities on 1,1-dipheny1-2picrylhydrazil(DPPH) radical and xanthine/xanthine oxidase(XOD) generated superoxide anion radical(O2-). We further studied the effects of E-kong-san on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods. E-kong-san exhibited significant inhibition on both ascorbic acid/Fe2+and ADP/NADPH/Fe3+ induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Based on these results, we suggest that-E-kong-san attenuate the cisplatin induced cytotoxicity and its mechanism can be eplained by antioxidant.

3-Trolley Portainer Crane 운전 시뮬레이터의 개발

정민포,김규년,정태동,최제헌,김종훈 울산대학교 1994 공학연구논문집 Vol.25 No.2

항만에서, 빠른 시간내에 많은 양의 컨테이너 박스를 운반하는것이 곧 비용 절감이다. 이를 위해서는 크레인의 성능을 미리 예측을 할 수 있어야 한다. 특히 새로운 크레인을 제작할때, 실제 시험을 해본후 그 성능을 알아내기란 어려운 실정이다. 따라서, 컴퓨터상에서 이를 미리 시뮬레이션하여 그 성능을 알아낸다면 여러면에서 비용절감의 효과를 얻을수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 하나의 Trolley에 의해 운전되는 크레인보다 더 나은 성능을 위해 설계된 3-Trolly Portainer Crane을 시뮬레이션하는 소프트웨어를 개발했다. 이것은 3개의 Torolley가 동시에 작동하여 하나일때보다 더 빠른 시간에 작업을 완수할수가 있다. 이 사실을 시뮬레이션을 통해 증명하고, 다양한 결과 자료를 이용해서 실제 이 크레인의 제작에도 상당히 도움이 될수 있다. 또한, 3개가 동시에 움직여서 각 구간별 소요시간의 측정이 문제가 되지만, 이것을 하나의 task로 미리 계산할 수 있는 방법을 고안, 적용하여 완수 하였다. In the port, it is a reduction of cost to load or unload many containers quickly. To do so, we should predict the performance of crane. Therefore, if we could simulate a crane operation and estimate the performance by the computer system, we can obtain a benefit of cost. In this study, we developed an operation simulator system of the 3-Trolley Portainer Crane which is designed for more efficeincy. Conceptually, the 3-Trolley Portainer Crane is operated concurrently by 3 trolleys, so it is faster than 1-Trolley Portainer Crane. We proved that through the simulation. It will be useful to manufactrue 3-Trolley Portainer Crane with many results from this software system. Also, the problem that must be calculated in parallel is solved by a single calculation method which we developed.

열처리가 CuInSe₂ 박막의 광전 특성에 미치는 영향

정상현,이재춘,김규호 영남대학교 재료기술연구소 2000 재료기술연구 Vol.1 No.1

CuInSe₂ thin films were prepared by R·F magnetron sputtering process from the powder target which was previously compacted by powder of Cu₂Se and In₂Se₃. The as-deposited thin films were annealed between 200 and 500℃ for 1 hour in a quartz tube in Ar flow rate of 800sccm The thin films were characterized using XRD, EDS, Four point probe and UV- Vis - NIR spectrophotometer. In all thin films annealed occurred a diffused reflection. The as-deposited thin film, the absorption coefficient above the fundamental band edge exceeds 1× 10⁴㎝^(- 1) and the absorption spectrum showed band gap of about 1.03eV.

실시간 시스템의 설계 지원을 위한 CODARTS에서 Petri Net으로의 변환에 대한 연구

정민포,김규년 울산대학교 1996 공학연구논문집 Vol.27 No.2

본 논문에서는 CODARTS의 산물중 Task Architecture Diagram에서 Petri Net으로의 변환 방법을 제안한다. CODARTS는 여러 개의 동시작업(Concurrent Task)으로 이루어진 시스템을 설계할 때 사용되는 방법이다. 하지만, CODARTS에서 생성되는 산물 (product, output)은 정적인 측면만을 강조하게 된다. 그래서, 시스템을 설계한 후 성능 분석을 할 때, 시스템 요소들 사이의 동적인 측면을 강조하기 위해 Petri Net으로 변환을 함으로써 더 나은 실시간 소프트웨어의 설계 및 분석을 유도할 수 있다. In this paper, we propose the transformation method from the TAD of CODARTS to Petri Net. CODARTS is used to design a system consisting of concurrent tasks. But, the product of CODARTS emphasizes only the static aspect of the target system. Therefore, when we perform performance analysis after designing a system, it is possible to derive the better real time S/W analysis&design by transforming into Petri Net for emphasizing the dynamic aspect between the system's component.

이공산(異功散)의 in vitro에서 Cisplatin 유도 신장독성의 감소 효과

정지창,장성구,이경태,노영수,안규석,오수명 慶熙大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In vitro model systems are increasingly used to investigate the mechanism of chemical-induced toxicity and for toxicological screening of new drug families. The effect of Ekongsan on the cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin on human and rabbit kidney cells was evaluated by tetrazolium-dye(MTT) assay. On the basis of Cl_50 value, cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity on human renal cortical cells was increased depend on concentration, whereas Ekongsan alone did not influence Simultaneous administration of cisplatin and Ekongsan, cytotoxicity of cisplain was reduced depend on the concentration of Ekongsan. With primary cultured proximal tubule cells results to reduce the cisplatin induced-cytotoxicity by Ekongsan was comparable to those with renal cortical cells. Based on these results, Ekongsan may has the potency to protect the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin.

벽 일체형 채광장치의 성능평가 연구

송규동,이주윤,유정연 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.12

Recently, various daylighting systems have been developed and applied to buildings However, existing daylighting systems are of no practical use due to a high initial cost and difficulties in maintenance In addition, there is a main problem of securing sufficient additional space for collecting daylight and to be available in the overcast sky A wall-integrated daylighting system, which is the subject of this study and doesn't need additional space for collecting daylight, is a very useful daylighting system, because it can substitute for a vertical wall of a building The purpose of this study was to evaluate the daylighting performance of the wall-integrated daylighting system using two mock-up models The performance of the general windows were compared with that of the wall-integrated daylighting system placed on the windows in terms of illuminance distribution on the work plane at the height of 75cm and illuminance distribution on the south wall Also The purpose of this study is to find methods to minimize glare problems of a newly developed wall-integrated daylighting system A total of six glare reduction methods were comparatively tested through measurements with physical scale models The six glare reduction methods included light-guiding ceiling, planer light shelf, parabolic light shelf, horizontal louvers, vertical louvers and prismatic panel, all of which were attached to the wall-integrated daylighting system The measurements were conducted under direct sunlit conditions for the winter solstice, summer solstice and the equinox

β-lactam 抗菌劑의 作用機轉

林定圭 대한감염학회 1982 감염 Vol.14 No.1

β-lactam 항인제란 β-위치에 lactam(NH-CO)환을 가지고 있는 항인제를 말하며 penicillin과 cephalosprin 계항인제를 말한다. penicillin 의 화학구조는 Fig. 1에서 보는바와 여히 ⓐ thiazolidine 환에 ⓑ β-lactam 환이 붙어 있으며 이 β-lactam 환에 ⓒ 유리 amino기가 있고 이 유리 amino기에 R_1 acidic radical이 붙어있다. 이 acidic radical R_1 에 따라 penicillin의 생물학적 여러 활성의 차이를 갖게된다.

Cephalosporin의 藥理

林定圭 대한화학요법학회 1983 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.1 No.2

경북지역 가축에서 분리한 Salmonella 속균의 혈청형 분포 및 약제 감수성

김규태,정병열,김봉환 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolated from various domestic animals in Gyeongbuk Province during the period from January to December 2000. From the 3,141 animal samples, 51 (1.6%) Salmonella spp. were isolated and belonged to 8 serotypes. Serotypes with decreasing order of prevalence were S. enteritidis (17 isolates; 29.6%), S. agona (11; 20.3%), S. rissen (8; 14.8%), S. gallinarum (4; 7.4%), S. derby (3; 5.5%), S. tvphirmvium (2; 3.7%), S. travis (1; 1.8%), S. montevideo (1; 1.8%) and untypable (4; 12.9%). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that most isolates were susceptible to amikacin (loo%), ampicillin (92.2%), cephalothin (90.2%), chloramphenicol (96.1%), ciprofloxacin (92.2%), genta- micin (92.2%), kanamycin (98.0%), norfloxacin (92.2%), bimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (100%) and tobramycin (100%). However, antimicrobials to which the high percentage of isolates were resistant were sbeptomycin (37.2%) and tetracycline (47.1%).