Suppression of lung inflammation by the methanol extract of <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Murray is related to differential regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2

Kim, Kyun Ha,Kim, Eun Jung,Kwun, Min Jung,Lee, Ji Yeon,Bach, Tran The,Eum, Sang Mi,Choi, Jun Yong,Cho, Sayeon,Kim, Sang-Jun,Jeong, Seung-Il,Joo, Myungsoo Elsevier 2018 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.217 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P>Although <I>Spilanthes acmella</I> has been used to relieve inflammation, fever, pain, or infection in traditional Asian medicine, experimental evidence supporting these functions is scarce. Here, we examined an anti-inflammatory function and a possible underlying mechanism of <I>S. acmella</I> Murray (SAM).</P> <P><B>Materials and method</B></P> <P>The methanol extract of SAM was fingerprinted by HPLC. C57BL/6 mice were administered with a single intratracheal (i.t.) LPS and 2 h later with a single i.t. SAM. The effect of SAM on lung inflammation was assessed by histology, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and MPO assay of lung tissue. The effects of SAM on a pro-inflammatory factor NF-κB and an anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2 were analyzed by immunoblotting of nuclear proteins and by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA of the genes governed by these transcription factors. V5-Nrf2 was precipitated by an anti-V5 antibody and the ubiquitinated V5-Nrf2 was revealed by immunoblotting of HA-tagged ubiquitin.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The i.t. SAM robustly diminished a neutrophilic lung inflammation induced by i.t. LPS treatment of mice. In RAW 264.7 cells, SAM suppressed the nuclear localization of NF-κB and the expression of NF-κB-dependent cytokine genes. SAM increased the level of Nrf2 in the nucleus and the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes while suppressing ubiquitination of Nrf2.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our results suggest that SAM can suppress a neutrophilic inflammation in mouse lungs, which is associated with suppressed NF-κB and activated Nrf2. Our results provide experimental evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory function of <I>S. acmella</I>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Bloodstream Infections and Clinical Significance of Healthcare-associated Bacteremia: A Multicenter Surveillance Study in Korean Hospitals

Son, Jun Seong,Song, Jae-Hoon,Ko, Kwan Soo,Yeom, Joon Sup,Ki, Hyun Kyun,Kim, Shin-Woo,Chang, Hyun-Ha,Ryu, Seong Yeol,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Jung, Sook-In,Shin, Sang Yop,Oh, Hee Bok,Lee, Yeong Seon,Chung, Doo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.7

<P>Recent changes in healthcare systems have changed the epidemiologic paradigms in many infectious fields including bloodstream infection (BSI). We compared clinical characteristics of community-acquired (CA), hospital-acquired (HA), and healthcare-associated (HCA) BSI. We performed a prospective nationwide multicenter surveillance study from 9 university hospitals in Korea. Total 1,605 blood isolates were collected from 2006 to 2007, and 1,144 isolates were considered true pathogens. HA-BSI accounted for 48.8%, CA-BSI for 33.2%, and HCA-BSI for 18.0%. HA-BSI and HCA-BSI were more likely to have severe comorbidities. <I>Escherichia coli</I> was the most common isolate in CA-BSI (47.1%) and HCA-BSI (27.2%). In contrast, <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (15.2%), coagulase-negative <I>Staphylococcus</I> (15.1%) were the common isolates in HA-BSI. The rate of appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy was the highest in CA-BSI (89.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (76.4%), and HA-BSI (75.0%). The 30-day mortality rate was the highest in HA-BSI (23.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (18.4%), and CA-BSI (10.2%). High Pitt score and inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy were the independent risk factors for mortality by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, the present data suggest that clinical features, outcome, and microbiologic features of causative pathogens vary by origin of BSI. Especially, HCA-BSI shows unique clinical characteristics, which should be considered a distinct category for more appropriate antibiotic treatment.</P>

돼지 심장근 surimi의 기능성에 미치는 kappa-carrageenan과 guar gum의 영향

하정욱,우동균 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1998 硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

돼지 심장근으로부터 항산화제(0.02%) prppyl gallate, 0.2% ascorbic acid, 0.2% sodium tripolyphosphate) 첨가 세척애세 의해 제조된 surimi(5% protein, 0.6 M NaCl, 25mM 인산완충액, pH 6.0)로써 sodium alginate(0.4%), calcium carbonate(0.075%) 및 lactate(0.6%) 의 첨가에 의해 AC surimi로 조제한 다음, kappa-carrageenan 및 guar gum의 0.5% 또는 1.0% 첨가 수주에서서 얻어진 gel의 보수성과 가열손실을 비롯하여 gel 의 물성을 측정하였다. AC surimi의 pH 에 미치는 두 가지 gum의 영향은 경미하였으며, 의 가열손실에 대해서는 Kappa-carrageenan 첨가구가 guar gum 첨가구에 비해 매우 낮은 경향을 보였고, 보수성을 비롯하여 gel strength 및 gel hardness 등의 측정결과는 kappa-carrageenan은 상당히 큰 증가를 보였으나 gua gum에서는 거의 영향이 나타나지 않았다. Gel springiness에 대해서는 감소경향을 나타내었고, gel cohesiveness는 guar gum첨가구에서만 다소 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. Pork heart surimi was prepared by repeated washing in the presence of antioxidants such as propyl gallate(0.02%), ascorbic acid(0.2%) and sodium tripolyhosphate(0.2%). Changes in cooking loss, water holding capacity and rheological properties such as strength, hardness, springiness and cohesiveness of gels prepared from alginate/calcium added pork heart surimi(AC surimi) with 0.5% and 1.0% of kappa-carrageenan(KC) or guar gum(GG) were determined. The pH level of AC surimi with KC(0.5%) and GG(1.0%) was nearly the same compared with that of the AC control, and KC(1.0%) lowered the pH level of 0.2 unit. KC resulted in lower cooking loss than GG, but KC increased water holding capaciy, gel strength and gel hardness of AC surimi whereas guar gum resulted in little effect on those properties. KC decreased gel cohesiveness of AC gel, and guar gum showed higher gel cohesiveness than KC.

발열을 동반한 호중구감소증에서 Cefepime 단독투여와 Ceftazidime 및 Tobramycin 병합투여의 효능비교

정현욱,채제욱,강미라,양정채,문치숙,기현균,장현하,오원섭,김기현,백경란,이남용,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6

목적 : 국내에서 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자에게 경험적 항생제로 베타락탐계 항생제와 아미노배당체의 병합요법의 사용이 일반적이다. Cefepime은 광범위 항균 작용을 가지고 있어, 그람 음성균 뿐만 아니라 그람 양성균에 대해서도 우수한 효과를 나타낸다. 재료 및 방법: 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자를 대상으로 무작위, 공개, 비교 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 환자를 무작위로 cefepime 단독요법군과 ceftazidime 및 tobramycin 병합요법군으로 나누어 투여하고 각각의 임상적 효능과 안전성을 비교하였다. 구강및 인후 점막염이 있는 환자에서 분리된 녹색 연쇄알 구균에 대한 항생제 내성 정도를 조사하였다. 결과 : 대상환자 89명 중 CA 투여군이 48예(53.9%), CT 투여군이 41예(46.1%)이었다. 발열의 유형별로 MDI는 18예(20.2%), CDI는 9예(10.1%), UF는 62예(69.7%)로 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. CA 투여군과 CT 투여군의 임상적 호전률은 시험약 투여 후 2-4일째 각각 91.7%, 85.4% (P=0.31), 치료 종료 시 각각 91.7%, 100% (P=0.15)로 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 치료 종료 시 CA 투여군과 CT 투여군의 세균학적 소실률은 모두 100%로 두 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.78). 점막염이 있는 환자로부터 녹색 연쇄알 구균이 분리된 경우는 25예(28.1%)이었으며, 분리된 녹색 연쇄알 구균은 penicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, vancomycin에 모두 감수성을 보였다. 약제 관련 이상 반응의 발생 빈도도 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자의 경험적 항생제로서 cefepime 단독요법은 ceftazidime 및 아미노배당체의 병합요법만큼 효과적이고 안전하였다. Background : Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy has been recommended as an empirical regimen in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin with good activity against both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli. Materials and Methods : To compare the efficacy and safety of cefepime alone with ceftazidime plus tobramycin as empirical regimen for adult cancer patients with febrile neutropenia, a randomized, open label, comparative trial was performed. If the patient showed clinical improvent 72 hours, antibiotic could be changed to oral ciprofloxacin. Clinical and microbiological responses were determined at 72 hours and at the end of therapy. To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of viridans streptococci, swab cultures were obtained from throat in all enrolled patients and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by using microdilution method according to the NCCLS. Results : A total of 89 patients were enrolled. Forty-eight patients received cefepime alone (CA), and 41 patients received ceftazidime plus tobramycin (CT). Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were similar in both groups (P>0.05). The initial clinical success rate at day 2-4 in group CA (91.7%) was similar with that in CT group (85.4%) (P=0.31). At the end of therapy, the final clinical success rate in CA group (91.7%) was similar to that in CT group (100%) (P=0.15). In 18 patients, with microbiologically defined infections, the eradication rate was 100% in both groups. Adverse events including liver dysfunction (21.3%) and renal dysfunction (2.2%), were similar in both groups (P=0.87). Viridans streptococci were isolated from the throat cultures in 25 cases, and all of these strains were susceptible to penicillin (MIC_(90) 0.12 ㎍/mL), cefepime (1 ㎍/mL), and vancomycin (0.12 ㎍/mL). Conclusion : Efficacy and safety of cefepime monotherapy was comparable to the combination of ceftazidime and tobramycin. It could be used as an alternative empirical regimen for treating cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.

돼지 심장근 surimi의 기능성에 미치는 locust bean gum 및 xanthan gum의 영향

하정욱,우동균 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

돼지 심장근으로부터 항산화제(0.02% propyl gallate, 0.2% sodium ascorbate, 0.2% sodium tripolyphosphate) 첨가 세척액에 의해 제조된 돼지 심장근 surimi(5% protein, 0.6M NaCl, 25 mM phosphate buffer solution, pH 6.0)에 sodium alginate(0.4%), calcium carbonate(0.075%) 및 lactic acid(0.6%)를 첨가하여 AC surimi로 조제한 다음, locust bean gum 및 xanthan gum을 각각 0.5% 또는 1.0% 첨가수준에서 얻어진 gel의 보수성과 rheometer에 의한 gel의 물성변화를 측정하여 돼지 심장근 surimi의 가공특성을 검토하였다. AC surimi의 pH에 대한 gum 첨가에 따른 영향을 보면 locust bean gum 또는 xanthan gum 첨가시 경미한 감소경향을 보였고, 1.0% 첨가시에는 0.5%의 경우보다도 약간 낮은 pH값을 나타내었다. Gel의 가열손실에 대해서는 대조구에 비해 크게 감소시키는 결과를 나타내었으며. locust bean gum이 xanthan gum보다도 더욱 효과적이었다. Locust bean gum의 첨가는 보수성을 비롯하여 gel strength. gel hardness. gel springiness 및 gel cohesiveness 등의 물성에 대해 거의 영향을 미치지 않았으나, xanthan gum 첨가구는 이들 물성 중에서 보수성의 현저한 gel hardness의 경미한 증가추세만이 locust bean gum과 차이를 보였다. Pork heart surimi was prepared by repeated washings in the presence of antioxidants such as propyl gallate(0.02%), sodium ascorbate(0.2%), and sodium tripolyphosphate(0.02%). Changes in pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity and rheological properties such as strength, hardness, springiness and cohesiveness of gels prepared from alginate and calcium added Pork heart surimi(AC surimi) with 0.5% and 1.0% of locust bean gum or xanthan gum were investigated. The pH values and cooking losses were lower than those of the AC control by the addition of locust bean gum or xanthan gum. Xanthan gum resulted in a remarkable increase of water holding capacity and a little increment of gel hardness, whereas locust bean gum resulted in little effect on water holding capacity. gel strength, gel hardness, gel springiness and gel cohesiveness.

유자 중 limonoid 화합물의 정량 및 분리정제에 관한 연구

우강용,하정욱,우동균 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

남해안에서 생산되는 유자의 씨와 과피중의 limonoid 함량을 HPLC (Spectra Physics 8800, U.S.A)에 의하여 분석 정량해 보았다. Limonoid 화합물 중 limonin과 nomilin은 methanol과 acetone에 의해 비교적 추출이 용이하였으며, acetone과 acetonitrile에 의해서 naringin이 거의 추출되지 않았으나 methanol에 의해서는 상당히 많은 양이 추출되었다. 유자씨에는 107.4mg%의 limonin과 85.39mg%의 nomilin이 함유되어 있으나, 유자 과피중에는 0.05mg%의 limonin과 0.034mg%의 nomilin이 함유되어 있었다. Amberite XAD-2 칼럼상에서 naringin 이 초기에 용출된 다음 100∼150㎖ 사이에서 limonin이 그리고 200∼250㎖ 사이에서 nomilin이 각가 최대의 용출율을 나타냄으로서 limonin과 nomilin의 분리정제 가능성이 확인되었다. Seeds and sarcocarp of citron from the southern part of Korean peninsula were analyzed for limonoid content by HPLC (Spectra Physics 8800, U.S.A) with the Nova-pak C18 column. Limonin and nomilin were well extracted by methanol and acetone, respectively, and little naringin was extracted by acetone or acetonitrile, but extracted in great quantity by methanol. Citron seeds contained 107.4 mg% of limonin and 85.39 mg% fo nomilin, and citron sarcocarp had 50 ppm of limonin and 34 ppm of nomilin. On the Amberite XAD-2 column naringin was elured at first, and then limonin and nomilin were eluted between 100㎖ and 150㎖, and between 200㎖ and 250㎖, respectively.

Predictive factors related to progression toward rheumatoid arthritis in Korean patients with undifferentiated arthritis

Ha, You Jung,Park, Yong-Beom,Son, Myoung-Kyun,Jung, Sang-Youn,Lee, Kwang-Hoon,Lee, Soo-Kon Springer-Verlag 2012 Rheumatology international Vol.32 No.6

Clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of EUS for superficial esophageal carcinoma.

Jung, Jung Im,Kim, Gwang Ha,I, Hoseok,Park, Do Youn,Kim, Tae Kyun,Cho, Young Hwa,Sung, Yong Wan,Choi, Mun Ki,Lee, Bong Eun,Song, Geun Am WJG Press 2014 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.20 No.20

<P>To identify clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of a high-frequency catheter probe endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for superficial esophageal carcinomas (SECs).</P>

A Study on Lightning Overvoltage Characteristics of Grounding Systems in Underground Distribution Power Cables

Jung, Chae-Kyun,Jung, Yeon-Ha,Kang, Ji-Won The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.2

This paper investigates the transient characteristics of grounding systems used in under-ground distribution power cables. Recently, two kinds of grounding system are used for underground distribution cables in Korea. The first one is conventional multi-point grounding system, the other is newly proposed non-bundled common grounding system. The non-bundled common grounding system has an advantage the decreasing the power loss due to decrease of the shield circulation current. In this paper, the lightning overvoltage induced in neutral wire (in case of non-bundled common grounding system, overvoltage between opened neural wires and grounding in each phase) of these two kinds of grounding systems are estimated and compared by field tests and EMTP simulations. The EMTP simulation methods are firstly verified by comparison of measurement and simulation. Finally, the insulation level against lightning is expected by EMTP simulation results using verified model.

Subcutaneous Four-Week Repeated Dose Toxicity Studies of Rice Cell-Derived Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in Rats

Jung Eun Ji,Jung Min Lee,Jong Min Choi,Young Hwa Choi,Eun Kyung Kim,So Jung Chu,Seok Kyun Kim,Kyong Hoon Ahn,Dong Hoon Lee,Ha Hyung Kim,Kyuboem Han,Dae Kyong Kim 한국독성학회 2008 Toxicological Research Vol.24 No.4

Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is a glycoprotein and hematopoietic growth factors that regulates the proliferation of myeloid precursor cells and activates mature granulocytes and macrophages. In a previous study, we reported that hGM-CSF could be produced in transgenic rice cell suspension culture, termed rhGM-CSF. In the present study, we examined the repeated dose toxicity of rhGM-CSF in SD rats. The repeated dose toxicity study was performed at each dose of 50 and 200 ㎍/㎏ subcutaneous administration of rhGM-CSF everyday for 28-days period. The results did not show any changes in food and water intake. There were also no significant changes in both body and organ weights between the control and the tested groups. The hematological and blood biochemical parameters were statistically not different in all groups. These results suggest that rhGM-CSF may show no repeated dose toxicity in SD rats under the conditions.