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What Are the Predictive Factors of Severe Conditions in Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis?
Jun Kamei,Yukio Homma 대한요로생식기감염학회 2016 Urogenital Tract Infection Vol.11 No.1
Acute obstructive pyelonephritis is a common urological infection, often requiring emergency drainage, which shows rapid progression to serious conditions, including severe sepsis or septic shock. Therefore, during an initial evaluation, knowledge of factors for prediction of severe conditions or mortality is important for immediate identification of patients requiring intensive care. Previous studies examining the characteristics of patients with acute obstructive or calculous pyelonephritis reported rates of septic shock and mortality of 20.8-33.3% and 0-7.4%, respectively. Thrombocytopenia, older age, low serum albumin, and bacteremia were relatively common predictors for septic shock. In contrast, age over 80 years, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, disseminated intravas-cular coagulation status, disturbance of consciousness, male gender, and having only one kidney were predictive factors for mortality.
Mikio Sakakibara,Mitsuhiko Kido,Jun Kuribayashi,Hiroshi Okada,Ataru Igarashi,Hiroyuki Kamei,Toshitaka Nabeshima 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.2
Objective: The pharmacological effects of generic (GE) donepezil are the same as Aricept, its brand-name counterpart. However, little is known as to whether these two drugs provide the same quality of life (QOL). The study subjects were patients with Alzheimer’s disease who were taking donepezil hydrochloride tablets, and were selected by visiting either the local pharmacies or the patients’ homes. We chose the brand-name drug Aricept and its GE form donepezil to investigate, from a long-term caregiver’s perspective, the influence of both drugs on the patients’ QOL. Methods: An EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) was used to assess the QOL of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, before and after various Aricept and/or donepezil regimens. Patients were divided into four groups: first time users of Aricept (n=43), first time users of GE donepezil (n=45), users refilling previous prescriptions of Aricept (n=51), and users switching from Aricept to GE donepezil (n=51). Results: The average change in the EQ-5D utility indices rose significantly in the patients starting a new regimen of Aricept and its GE drug. The patients continuing an existing regimen of Aricept showed no significant differences, even after Aricept was switched to a GE drug. Conclusion: The QOL of patients starting a new regimen of Aricept and its GE drug improved. The QOL was maintained upon switching to the GE drug form.